2021年中考英语一轮基础过关8年级下 Units 3-4

1、八年级八年级(下下) Units 34 第一篇第一篇过教材过教材考点清单考点清单 一、单词 1_(n.)垃圾，废弃物_(同义词) 2_(v.)折叠，对折 3_(v.)扫，打扫_(过去式或过去分词) 4_(v.)扔，掷_(过去式)_(过 去分词) 5_(adv.)也不 第 2 页 词汇考点词汇考点 rubbish 考 点 记 要 garbage fold sweep swept throwthrewthrown neither 6_(v.)给，递；走过，通过 7_(v.)借，借用；_(v.)借给，借出 8_(v.)厌恶，讨厌_(近义词) 9_(conj.)与同时，当的时候 10_(n.)精神压力

2、，心理负担_(同义 词) 11_(n.)浪费，垃圾&(v.)浪费，滥用 12_(v.)提供，供应_(同义词) 13_(v.)依靠，依赖_(adj.)依赖的 _(n.)独立_(adj.)独立的， 自主的 第 3 页 pass borrow lend hatedislike while stress pressure waste provide offer depend dependent independenceindependent 14_(adj.)合理的，公正的_(n.)公正性， 合理性_(adj.)不合理的，不公正的 15_(conj.)既然；自以来 16_(v.)落下，掉下 17_(v

3、.)发展，壮大_(n.)发展；发育， 成长 18_(v.)允许，准许 19_(adj.)有毛病，错误的 20_(n.)协议，交易 21_(n.)关系，联系_(v.)有联系 第 4 页 fairfairness unfair since drop developdevelopment allow wrong deal relationrelate 22communicate(v.)_(n.)交流；沟通 23_(v.)争吵，争论_(n.)争论 24_(adj.)年纪较长的 25_(adv.)代替，反而，却 26_(pron.)无论什么；_(adv.)无论 哪里； _(adv.)不管怎样；_(pro

4、n.)无论什么人； _(adv.)无论何时 27_(adj.)焦虑的，担忧的 28_(v.)主动提出，自愿给予 第 5 页 communication argue argument elder instead whatever wherever however whoever whenever nervous offer 29_(adj.)正确的，恰当的 _(adv.)正确地，恰当地 30_(adv.)第二，其次； _(adv.)第一，首先；_(adv.)第三，再次 31_(v.)解释，说明 32_(adj.)清楚易懂的，晴朗的 33_(v.)抄袭，模仿；复制，复印 34_(v.)归来，回来，

5、返回 35_(n.)成员，分子 第 6 页 proper properly secondly firstly thirdly explain clear copy return member 36_(v.)竞争，对抗_(n.)竞赛 37_(n.)意见，想法，看法 38_(n.)技艺，技巧 39_(adj.)典型的 40_(n.)(美式)橄榄球，足球； _(n.)篮球；_(n.)排球； _(n.)棒球 41_(adj.)快的，迅速的；时间短暂的 _(adv.)快地，迅速地 第 7 页 competecompetition opinion skill typical football basket

6、ball volleyball baseball quick quickly 42_(v.)持续，继续存在 43_(v.)比较 44_(v.)造成，引起 45_(adj.)通常的，寻常的 _(adv.)经常 46_(adv.)可能，大概，也许 _(同义词) 47_(n.)衬衫 48_(n.)手指 第 8 页 continue compare cause usual usually perhaps probably shirt finger 49_(adv.)而且；加之 50_(v.)猜测；估计 51_(adv.)再也(不)；(不)再 52_(adj.)不理智的；疯狂的 53_(v.)鞭策；督促

7、；推动 54_(adj.)有病；不舒服 _(n.)疾病 第 9 页 anyway guess anymore crazy push ill illness 二、短语 1_快速查看，浏览 2_成功地发展，解决 3_和睦相处，关系良好 4_删除，删去 5_把和比较/对比 6_依某人看 7_清洗餐具 8_叠衣服 第 10 页 look through work out get on well with cut out compare.with. in ones opinion do the dishes fold the clothes 9_扫地 10_铺床 11_客厅 12_去看电影 13_搭车

8、14_扔下 15_在前面 16_走过来 17_一直；反复 第 11 页 sweep the floor make ones/the bed living room go to the movies get a ride throw down in front of come over all the time 18_走开 19_一就 20_做家务 21_浪费 22_为了 23_取得好成绩 24_照顾 25_尽自己的职责 第 12 页 walk away as soon as do chores a waste of in order to get good grades take care o

9、f do ones part 26_与斗争 27_生的气 28_重要的事 29_与沟通 30_阅读技能 31_一团糟 第 13 页 fight with be angry with big deal communicate with reading skills be in a mess 1He should talk to his friend _ _ he can say hes sorry.他应该和他的朋友谈谈，以便他能说句抱歉。 2_ _ kids learn to be independent，_ _ it is for their future. 孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越

10、好。 3For one week，she did not do any housework and _ _ _.她这一周没有做任何家务，我也没 有做。 4I do not _ _ them.我不介意做那些事。 第 14 页 句型考点句型考点 so that The earlier the better neither did I mind doing 5_ _ _，he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他经常生病，成绩下降了。 6My parents dont _ me _ hang out with friends. 我父母不允许我和朋友们

11、出去闲逛。 7My problem is that I cant _ _ _ _ my family. 我的问题是我不能与我的家人和睦相处。 8If your parents are having problems，you should _ _ help. 如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提供帮助。 第 15 页 As a result allowto get on well with offer to 请求许可 1_？ 我可以和我的朋友出去吃晚饭吗？ No，you cant.不，不可以。 2_？ 我可以用一下你的电脑吗？ Sorry，Im going to work on it now.抱歉

12、，我现在正打算用电 脑。 第 16 页 交际用语交际用语 Could I go out for dinner with my friends Could I use your computer 礼貌地提出请求 3Could you please _？ 你可以去遛遛狗吗？ Sure，_.当然，那是可以的。 4Could you please take out the rubbish？ 可以请你把垃圾拿出去吗？ _.当然可以。 第 17 页 take the dog for a walk that should be OK Yes，sure 提出建议 5What should I do？我应该怎么

13、做？ _？何不忘了它呢？ 6_.也许你可以去 他家。 I guess I could，but I dont want to surprise him. 我想我可以，但是我不想吓着他。 第 18 页 Why dont you forget about it Maybe you could go to his house 1连词until、so that和although引导的状语从句(详见P112语 法专题) 2could表示礼貌的请求和允许(详见P115语法专题) 3“Why dont you.？”句型 第 19 页 语法考点语法考点 1家务 2人际交流 第 20 页 话题热点话题热点 考点1

14、compare的用法 compare作及物动词，意为“比较”。常用短语： compare.with.把与作比较；compare.to. 把比作 If you compare his work with hers，youll find hers is much better.要是把他和她的工作比较一下，你 就会发现她的工作好得多。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 第 21 页 考点精析考点精析 【跟进训练】 1我们经常把青少年比作清晨冉冉升起的太阳。 We usually _the youth _the rising s

15、un in the morning. 2Toms mother always compares him _ other kids， which makes him very sad. AwithBfor CatDin 第 22 页 compareto A 考点2allow的用法 allow作动词，意为“允许；准许”。其用法如下： (1)allow常接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事。 (2)allow 后接动词时，要用动名词形式作宾语，即： allow doing sth.允许做某事。不可使用allow to do sth.。 (3)allow还

16、常与 out、 in、up等副词搭配使用，即：allow sb.in/out/up. 第 23 页 【跟进训练】 3(2019江苏镇江)To my surprise，Daniels parents allowed him _ Shanghai Disneyland with me. Ato visit Bvisiting CvisitDvisits 第 24 页 A 考点3borrow、lend和keep的用法 三个单词都可表示“借”的意思，但它们的用法有所不同。 第 25 页 borrow 瞬间性动词，表示“借入”，即从别人或别处借东西。 常用短语：borrow sth.from sb./s

17、p.从某人/某处借某物 lend 瞬间性动词，表示“借出”，即把东西借给别人。常用 短语：lend sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人 keep 延续性动词，表示“保留，保存，借用”，常与一段时 间连用。“keep sth.for 一段时间”意为“保存/借用某 物多长时间” 【跟进训练】 4Peter _ this book to me and I can _ it for one week. Alent；keep Bborrowed；keep Ckept；lend Dlent；borrow 5(2019重庆A卷)I lent the book to Gina a fe

18、w days ago.(写 出同义句) Gina _ the book _ me a few days ago. 第 26 页 A borrowed from 考点4instead和instead of的用法 第 27 页 instead 作副词，常位于句首或句末，位于句首时常用逗号 与后面的内容隔开；当instead用于祈使句时，只能 位于句末。instead 在顺承关系的句子中作“代替” 讲；而在转折(或逆转)关系的句子中作“反而”讲 instead of 作介词短语，其意思与instead相同，不同之处在于 它后面接名词、代词、介词短语、动名词等 【跟进训练】 6I dont want

19、to go out.I would rather stay at home i_. 7与其出去吃饭，为什么不叫朋友去野餐呢？ _ _ eating out, why not call some friends and have a picnic？ 第 28 页 nstead Insteadof 考点5neither的用法 (1)作形容词，意为“(两者)都不”，修饰可数名词单数。 Neither article is made in Beijing.这两种物品都不是北京 制造的。 (2)作代词，意为“两者都不”，可构成neither of.，该结构用 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形

20、式。 Neither of the cars was/were damaged.两部车都没有受损。 第 29 页 (3)作连词，可构成neither.nor.(既不也不)，该结构 连接两个并列成分作句子的主语时，谓语动词与nor后的名词 或代词保持人称和数的一致。Neither he nor I am well educated.他和我都没受过良好的教育。 (4)“Neitherbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语”意为“也 不”，表示前句中的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。I dont like this dress.我不喜欢这条连衣裙。Neither do I我也不喜欢。 第 30 页 【跟进训练

21、】 8Neither Toms brothers nor he _(like) listening to music. 9“我不喜欢看肥皂剧。” “我也不喜欢，太无趣了。” I dont like watching soap operas. _ _ _.It is so boring. 第 31 页 likes Neither do I 考点6when、while和as的用法 三者都可作连词，引导时间状语从句，但侧重点不同。 第 32 页 when 可表示时间点，也可表示时间段；从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；从句的动作可以 和主句的动作同时进行，也可以先于主句的动作进

22、行 while 只表示时间段，不能表示时间点；从句中的谓语动词必 须是延续性动词，表示一段较长的时间或一个过程；主句 的动作可以和从句的动作同时发生，也可在从句的动作过程 中发生 as 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时进行，也可作为主句动作 的背景。as有时可译作“一边一边，随着” 【跟进训练】 10They were playing soccer on the playground _ the storm came. Aas soon as Bas long as Cwhen Dwhile 11They arrived _ (when，while，as)we were having a par

23、ty. 第 33 页 C while/when 考点7since和for的用法 since和for都可用于完成时，但有区别。 注意：for和since用于表示时间段时，句中的谓语动词必须是 延续性动词，对for/since表示的时间段进行提问时，应使用 how long。 第 34 页 since 后可接过去的时 间点、“时间段 ago”或一般过 去时的句子 I have been skating since 9 oclock.我从 9点就开始滑冰。He has been a soldier since two years ago.他两年前就当兵了。 for后接时间段 He has been

24、in Beijing for three years.他 在北京待了三年了。 【跟进训练】 12I have been a doctor since two years ago.(写出同义句) I have been a doctor_ _ _. 13Mary_ (study) Chinese for three years. 第 35 页 for two years has studied 考点8ill和sick的用法 二者都可用作形容词，表示“生病”，但用法不同。 (1)ill只作表语，不作定语。 (2)sick可用作表语或定语。短语：be sick of厌倦，厌恶；the sick病人。

25、 注意：sick作形容词，还可意为“恶心的”；ill作定语修饰名 词时意为“坏的，邪恶的”。 第 36 页 【跟进训练】 14The_ man breathed his last at ten oclock this morning. AsickBill Cillness Dsickness 15Li Ming is i_ and he is in hospital now. 第 37 页 A ll 1(2020眉山)Would you like some milk or coffee? N_. Id like a glass of water. 2(2020遂宁)Could I_(借) yo

26、ur dictionary? 3(2020成都)Bob, you _in this city since 2018. How do you like it？ Alived Blive Chave lived 第 38 页 四川中考真题精练 either borrow C 4(2019眉山)Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it? In October.I _ it for two months. AhadBbought Chave hadDhave bought 5(2019广元)My teacher doesnt allow us _ i

27、n the classroom. Aeating Bto eat Cate 第 39 页 C B 6(2018成都)Yesterday，I _ the subway home when I suddenly found I was on the wrong line. AtookBwas taking Chad taken 7(达州)Whats the matter，Jack? I_ down while I _ on the ice.I got hurt badly. Awas falling；skatedBfell；was skating Cfell；skatedDwas falling；

28、was skating 第 40 页 B B 一、单项选择。(10分) 1(2020贵州黔东南州)Sam _ a computer from me yesterday. AsoldBborrowed ClentDreturned 第 41 页 2021年迎考特训 B 2(2020江苏南京)What a terrible experience! _， lucky us, we are safe now. AAnywayBOtherwise CFor exampleDAs a result 3(2020江苏南京)Which bicycle should I choose, sir? It _ wh

29、at you want to use it for. Atakes onBcarries on Cputs onDdepends on 第 42 页 A D 4(2020湖北宜昌)Many people have been back to their work _ March 5th. Cities are brought back to life. AforBin Csince Dduring 第 43 页 C 5(2020贵州黔东南州)Annie, you look sad. Whats eating you？ I lost my wallet this afternoon. Terrib

30、le！(选出与画线部分意 思相近或相同的选项)_ AWhat are you eating BWhats your favorite food CWhos eating you DWhats wrong with you 第 44 页 D 6(2020湖北咸宁)Michael, could you please help me _this math problem? OK. Let me have a try. Alook upBlook after Cwork outDput away 7(2019广西河池)My parents dont allow me _TV on school nig

31、hts. Ato watchBwatch CwatchesDwatching 第 45 页 C A 8(2019海南)David fell fast asleep while he _ a newspaper. Areads Bhas read Cwas reading 9(2019辽宁葫芦岛)The soccer fans cheered _ they heard the exciting news. Aeven thoughBin order that Cas soon as Das long as 第 46 页 C C 10(2019山东临沂)In the world, more tha

32、n 30% of schools do not provide safe drinking water_ about 570 million children. AwithBfor Ctowards 第 47 页 B 二、完形填空。(10分)(2020贵州黔东南州) Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, nearly 50% of the people are shy, and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives. Why are people _11_？ It

33、is found that family size might _12_ people to be shy. Kids with no_13_or sisters may be shy. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to_14_the same social skills as kids from big families. 第 48 页 Another cause of shyness might be_15_. As more and more people use the Inter

34、net, they_16_ less time outside.As a result, they lose chances to communicate with others._17_to new people face to face can make them feel nervous. For shy people, it can be_18_to make friends, speak in class，and even get a good job.But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest try

35、ing _19_ things and practicing more conversations. Anyway, dont be_20_ of shynessyou are valued for what you are! 第 49 页 ()11.A.interestedBbored CshyDbrave ()12.A.wantBcause Cteach Dlet ()13.A.teachers Bfriends Cclassmates Dbrothers ()14.A.standBinvent CbuyDdevelop 第 50 页 C B D D ()15.A.praiseBdecis

36、ion Ctechnology Ddream ()16.A.designBspend CcollectDsave ()17.A.Nodding BRunning CSpeakingDJumping ()18.A.easyBsafe Cdangerous Ddifficult 第 51 页 C B C D ()19.A.newBprivate Cwrong Dheavy ()20.A.afraidBfond Cproud Dfull 第 52 页 A A 三、阅读理解。 (10分)(2018黑龙江哈尔滨) My mother is fiftyfive years old. She retired

37、(退休) just two months ago. After that, she was bored and didnt know what to do every day. She was kind to us before, but recently she had a chip on her shoulder. She often quarreled with my brother and me without any reason. Also, relations between my parents became difficult. My mother got into trou

38、ble and didnt know how to deal with it. My brother thought of a good idea to solve the problem. He bought her a new smartphone and taught her how to use WeChat(微信). My mothers life changed a lot from then on. 第 53 页 No matter where she went and whatever she did, she always used it. She took photos w

39、ith her new smartphone and always shared her photos in her friend circle to express how happy she was, As a result, she often did something by mistake. She often forgot to turn off the gas and the food she was cooking usually got burnt. My father tried to stop her, but it didnt work. 第 54 页 This aft

40、ernoon, my mother prepared to make dumplings for dinner. She took a lot of pictures in order to post them into her friend circle. After dinner, we took out our smartphones and waited to the photos she had taken. To our surprise, we didnt find any pictures of her dumplings. At last, my father couldnt

41、 help asking her, “Why dont you share your delicious dumplings in your friend circle today？” My mother looked embarrassed and said, “_” “Oh, my Goodness! I have to spend more money buying a new one！” cried my brother. 第 55 页 21The underlined words “had a chip on her shoulder” most probably mean _. A

42、had a pain in her shoulder Bgot angry easily Cliked eating potato chips 22My brother bought a smartphone for my mother because _. Amy mother liked taking photos and sharing them in her friend circle Bmy father retired two months ago Cmy brother wanted to help my mother out of trouble 第 56 页 B C 23Af

43、ter my mother had a smartphone, _. Ashe liked it very much and used it all the time Bshe often quarreled with my brother and me without any reason Cshe was bored and didnt know what to do 第 57 页 A 24Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ _ AMy mother stopped my father from taking p

44、icture of food. BMy mother often forgot turning off the gas after she had a smartphone. CAfter dinner, we were surprised to find no pictures of dumplings in my mothers friend circle. 第 58 页 C 25“_” can be the missing sentence in the passage. AThe dumplings were not delicious BMy smartphone was boile

45、d in the pot CI have already posted the pictures in the friend circle 第 59 页 B 四、阅读下面材料，从方框中所给选项选择适当的句子填入文 中，并回答问题。(10分)(2018浙江绍兴) Are You Ready For High School? If you can do these things by the time you go to high school, youll get on well with others in high school. 26_ A little respect(尊重) goes

46、a long way. Dont help yourself to her personal things in the room, and let her know if you plan to treat friends there. If you dont feel like youre being treated fairly, have a talk face to face. 第 60 页 B 27_ The first meeting with someone really does matter. To make an immediate connection, look a

47、person in the eye and give a firm handshake. Keep eye contact while youre chatting and mention the persons name when saying goodbye. 28_ One study found that holding something in can make you feel lonely and sad. So for your health and friendships, write down the secret in a safe place instead of ta

48、lking about others in public. 第 61 页 C A 29_ If someone did something nice for youa gift, some help, nows the time to take out your pen! Sending the person a handwritten note card within 48 hours afterward is a sign that you really have it together. 第 62 页 D 30Please give one more suggestion on how

49、to get on well with others.(回答不多于5个单词) Keep smiling./Be ready to help others./ Be a good listener.(仅供 参考) 第 63 页 五、短文填空。(10分)(2019广东深圳) 核心素养思维品质 Jason and Andy are twins.They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys. One Saturday，Jason and Andy went out 31._(play) with a toy car.Both of

50、them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other.32._(They) mother heard the boys arguing.She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldnt. 第 64 页 to play Their A few days later, mother brought 33._ pet home.“Cant we each have our own pet

51、dog？” asked the boys.They were 34._(tire) of sharing everything. “No! The dog must 35._(share)，”mother said.“You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong.” Several days later, the dog got into mothers room 36._ (secret) and made a mess there.Jason saw the dog playi

52、ng with mothers clothes.He quickly went to find Andy and told him 37._ the dog had done. 第 65 页 a tired be shared secretly what “Oh, no! Its our duty to clean up the mess！”38._(cry) Andy.They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly. “Just think, Jason，” said Andy, “what a big mess two 39._(dog) would made！” “I agree 40._ you，” laughed Jason, “maybe sharing isnt so bad！” 第 66 页 cried dogswith 六、词汇运用。(10分) 41(2020江苏无锡)Whats in the box? Let me _ (猜). Is it a book? 42(2020浙江杭州)Th