2022高考英语统考一轮复习第二章冠词参考课件新人教版

1、第二章冠词 一、概念及分类 1. 冠词名词/名词词组 二、不定冠词的用法 1. 不定冠词有a 和an 两种形式。 当冠词后的名词的读音是以辅音音素(注意：不是辅音字母)开头时用 a, 如：a university, a useful animal, a oneeyed dog, a European car； 当冠词后面的名词的读音是以元音音素(注意：不是元音字母)开头时 用an, 如an hour, an honest boy, an Xray, an ugly man, an honor 等。 2. 用在可数名词前表示“一个”，相当于“one”(类指)。 There is a book o

2、n the desk. Ill return in a day or two. 3. 用在专有名词前， 表示“某一个”相当于“a certain”。 A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. 4. 著名画家或艺术家的姓名前用a, 表示“一件的作品”， 相当于 汉语中借代的修辞手法。 He bought a Van Gogh. 5. 表示“一类”相当于“any”(泛指)。 A horse is a useful animal. 6. 表示“每一”相当于“per”。 The doctor asked me to take the medicine thr

3、ee times a day. The envelopes are one yuan and twenty fen a dozen. 7. 用在抽象名词前， 表具体的介绍： a 抽象名词， 即抽象名词具体 化。 This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you. She was a famous beauty in her youth. Her husband was a great comfort to her when she was ill. Her singing is a delig

4、ht. 三、定冠词的用法 the是唯一的定冠词， 表示特指，有时相当于“this/that/these/those”。 1. 表示文中再次提到的人或物。 There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book. 2. 用在单数可数名词前表示类别。 The horse is a useful animal. 3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西。 the sun, the earth, the capital, the sky, the universe 4. 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及江、河、湖、海、 山川、群岛的名词前。

5、 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Yellow River, the Rocky Mountains, the Philippines, the Pacific Ocean, the China of 1840, the Paris of the east, the late Mr. Brown 5. 用在序数词、形容词最高级前。 the second story, the largest room, the third longest river 6. 用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。 the poor/rich/dyi

6、ng/young/living/wounded 7. 用在姓氏复数形式前， 表示全家人或夫妇二人。 The Smiths are sitting at the breakfast table. 8. 表示弹奏西洋乐器时， 用在西洋乐器名词前。 Do you like to play the piano or the violin? 9. 用在在表示发明物的单数名词前。 The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago. 10. 用在年代前。 In the 1870s/1870s, when Marx was already in

7、 his fifties 11. “the序数词”表排序，表示“第几”。 She is the second student to get to school. “a/an序数词”不表示排序， 通常表示“又一、再一”。 Can you give me a second chance, please? (another chance) 四、零冠词的用法 零冠词就是不填冠词的情况， 以下情形常不用冠词。 1. 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前。 China, America, John Failure is the mother of success. 2. 季节、月份、星期、节日

8、、一日三餐名称前。 spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter, Sunday, October, National Day, breakfast, lunch, supper 3. 称呼语， 表示头衔的名词作表语、宾语补足语及同位语时。 Whats this, Mother? George W. Bush is president of the USA. 4. 学科名词， 球类、棋类名词前。 Do you study mathematics? He likes playing football/chess. 5. 泛指复数名词或不可数名词前。 Computers

9、are widely used in our daily life. 6. 在与by连用的交通工具名称前。 by car(bus, train, water, air, land) 7. as引导的让步状语从句中， 作表语的名词不带冠词。 Child as she is, she knows a lot of French. 8. 系动词turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。 The young girl has turned writer. The young girl has become a writer. 9. 在单数名词 after 同一单数名词(表示“一个接

10、一个”)结构中， 单数可数名词前不加冠词。 She did experiment after experiment. shop after shop, mistake after mistake 五、有无冠词的区别 以下词组， 有无冠词， 意义大不相同 经典例题 1. The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9story building. the a 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：最大的鲸鱼是蓝鲸，可以长到大约29米长 其高度相当于一座9层楼的高度。前一空格处

11、是“the单数可数名词” 表类指，后一个空格处是泛指。 2. People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning. 【解析】 考查冠词。第一空，a preference表示“一种偏好”，用不定冠 词a表泛指；第二空，at an early age是固定词组，意为“在很小的时候”。 a an 3. _ more learned a man is, _ more modest he usually becomes. 【解

12、析】 考查冠词。句意：一个人越博学，他通常会变得越谦逊。根据 句子结构来判断，此句使用了“The形容词/副词比较级the形容词 /副词比较级”结构，意思是“越，越”。 The the 4. The Smiths dont usually like staying at _ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea. 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：史密斯夫妇通常不喜欢住旅馆，但去年夏天 他们在海边的一个很舒适的旅馆住了几天。第一空，hotels是复数名词， 表泛指，其前不用冠词；第二空，by

13、 the sea意为“在海边”。 / the 5. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village. 【解析】 考查冠词。第一空应该用定冠词，the way to可以视为一个固定 搭配，意为“去的路”；第二空前加不定冠词a，人名前加不定冠词 表示“一个叫的人”。 the a 6. The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, peace and de

14、velopment. 【解析】 考查冠词。句意：“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦想，一个(追 求)和谐、和平与发展的梦想。题干中的两个空都表示泛指，故均用不定 冠词。 a a 用正确的冠词填空。 1. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while. 2. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson in the village. 3. He is _ little Bill Gates. 4. Peter Fox, who is

15、 _ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. 5. The picture looks beautiful at _ distance. 6. It is _ honor for me to attend the meeting. a a the a a an an 7. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself _ number of questions. 8.

16、I like to look at _ moon, especially _ bright moon in the evening. 9. _ Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean. 10. In the beginning, there was only _ very small amount of unfairness in the world. 11. Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. a the a Th

17、e a the 12. _ village where I was born has grown into _ town. 13. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, _ other is with mom. 14. It was probably the fact that she sat in _ last row. 15. Mr Smith, there is a man at _ front door who says he

18、has _ important news for you. / Thea the the the 用正确的冠词填空。 1. Life is like _ ocean; only the strongwilled can reach the other shore. 2. Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be _ Beethoven. 3. I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask. 4. Experts thi

19、nk that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. an a the the a 5. Hearing _ news, he went home in _ hurry. 6. I went to _ countryside with my father to visit grandparents. 7. In 1931, Addams became _ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. 8. _ prize for the winner of the competition is a twoweek holiday in Paris. 9. Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and chi