初中英语介词练习题及详解

1、介词(一 ) 正误辨析1、误 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.正 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.析 at 用于具体时刻之前，如： sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night 。2、误 Dont sleep at daytime正 Dont sleep in daytime.析 in 要用于较长的一段时间之内， 如：in the morning / afternoon,或 in the week / month/ year.

2、 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter 等等。3、误 We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.正 We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.析 in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为 on, 如： on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th4、误 He became a writter at his twenties正 He became

3、a writter in his twenties析 这句话应译为： 他在 20 多岁时就成了作家。 在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at 来表示。5、误 He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.正 He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.析 在具体年岁前用 at, 如： at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。6、误 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day.正 We

4、 went to swim in the river on a very hot day.析 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如： on New Years Day7、误 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.正 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.析 在节日的当天用 on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas 是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。8、误 I havent see you during the summer holidays.正 I havent seen you

5、 since the beginning of the summer holidays.析 during 表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lotofmuseums during the holiday.而 for 表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：I havent see you fora long time. 而 through 用来表示时间时则为 整整，全部的时间 。如： It rained through the night. 而 since 则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。9、误At entering the classroom

6、, I heard the good news.正On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.析 On 加动名词表示一 就 。本句的译文应是： 我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如： on hearing一听见，on arrival 一到达就 (on 表示动作的名词)10、误In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.正At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.析at

7、the begining 与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而in the beginning则是指开始一段时间。in the endat last 是指 最终，终于 之意。11、误Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.正By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.析by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为 不迟于某一时刻将工作做完 ，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be ther

8、e by five oclock. 而 till 则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.12、误He came to London before last weekend.正He had come to London before last weekend.正He came to London two weeks ago.析before一般要与完成时连用，而ago 则与一般过去时连用。13、误I have studied Engli

9、sh for three years gince I had come here.正I have studied English for three years since I came here.析 since 用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态14、误 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.正 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours.析 中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，

10、而这个介词在英文中要用in 而不要用after。其原因有二， after多用于过去时， 如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I founda job in the bank. after加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in 。15、误 Three days after he died.正 After three days he died.正 Three days later he died.析 after 与 later 都可以用来

11、表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after 在时间词前，而 later 在时间词后。16、误 She hid herself after the tree.正 She hid herself behind the tree.析 after 多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：I run after him.After finishing my homework, I went to see a film.而 behind 则多用于静态事物之后。17、误 There is a beautiful bird on the tree.正 There is a beaut

12、iful bird in the tree.析 树上长出的果实，树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.18、误 Shanghai is on the east of China.正 Shanghai is in the east of China.析 在表达地理位置时有3 个介词： in, on, to 。 in 表示在某范围之内; on 表示与某地区接壤； to 则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.19、误I arrived at New York on July 2nd.正I arrived in New York on

13、 July 2nd.析 at用来表达较小的地方， 而 in 用来表达较大的地方。 at常用于 at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village 。20、误He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.正He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.析 在门牌号码前要用 at, 并要注意它的惯用法： at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top

14、 of the page 。21、误There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.正There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.析在屋内的角落应用in ，而墙的外角用at，如： There is a tree at the corner of the street.22、误This weekend Ill stay in Uncle Wangs.正This weekend Ill stay at Uncle Wangs.析 要注意英文的特殊表达法， 如：at a tailors s

15、hop (裁缝店 ) at a tailors, at the doctors (去看病 ) at the booksellers ( 在书店 ) at uncle Wangs (在王叔叔家 )23、误Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper?正Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper?析在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。24、误The school will begin on September 1st.正School w

16、ill begin on September 1st.析这里的 school 应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：at table (吃饭 )， When I came to Toms home,they were at table. 还有： at desk (学习 )，at work ( 工作 ) at school ( 上学 )， in hospital ( 住医院 )at church作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如： at the school即在学校工作或办事，in thehospital即在医院工作或去看望病人。2

17、5、误In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.正On my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.析译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光 在 的路上 应用 onones way 。而in the way 有挡道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way 。26、误Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into.正Look, the door

18、 is open, Maybe someone broke in.正Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into the office.析in 是表达一个静止状态，在与break 连用时其后不加介词宾语，而into 则是动态介词，与 break 连用时要加介词宾语。27、误Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow.正Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.正Ill leave for Shanghai.析leave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将for 改为别的介词。这样的

19、搭配还有： start for 动身前往某处，set out for， sail for 。28、误Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.正Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.析get in, 与 get out 是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而get out 为下车，但语法家认为这里的 in 与 out 为副词，所以其后不能接名词， 我们可以讲Wed better get in.get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车：get onoff(a train,

20、 a ship, a struck) get into或 Wed better out of (a car,taxi)29、误Be carefulThe temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.正Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.析 over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.30、误There is an old stone br

21、idge above the river.正There is an old stone bridge over the river.析over 还有一意为 跨越，横跨 。31、误The Dead Sea is under the sea level.正The Dead Sea is below the sea level.析 在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above 与below互为反意词，over 与under 也是反意词。32、误 There is a big tree in the front of the house.正 There is a big tree in front o

22、f the house.析 in front of 是在物体外部的前面， 而 in the front of 是在物体内部的前面， 如：The driversits in the front of the bus.33、误 It took them two days to walk across the forest.正 It took them two days to walk through the forest.析 across 作为介词有两个主要意思： 横过，如：I want to walk across the street. 对面，如： There is a post office

23、 across the street,而 through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如： The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.34、误 The sun sets toward the west.正 The sun sets in the west.析 towards 也可用作 toward ，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He rantoward(s) the mountain. 而在表示方位 east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用 in。要注意的是

24、这 4 个词可以用作副词，如：I went south.也可用作名词，如：I went to the south. 也可用作形容词，如： I went to the south part of China.35、误Do you have no other clothes except those?正Do you have no other clothes besides those?析beside 是 在 旁边 ，如： The students stood beside their teachers.而 besides 是 除 之外，不仅 而且 ，除了 以外还有 ， 如： I studied

25、English besidesFrench, when I was in college.而 except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come hereevery day except Sunday. 而 except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clean exceptfor two chairs.而 except that 则要加从句。36、误Can I write the exam paper with ink?正Can I write the exam paper with a pen?正Can I write the exam paper

26、 in ink?析with 后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in 。37、误Im earlier today. I came here by his car.正Im earlier today. I came here in his car.析 在交通工具前加介词by ，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxiby train=in a trainby bicycle=on a bicycleby ship=on a shipby boat=in a boatby bus=on a busby plane=on a planeb

27、y air 空运by land 陆运by sea 海运on foot on horsebackby phone by letter by radioby air mail by hand38、误A lot of French wines are made of grape.正A lot of French wines are made from grape.析 made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用 from, 如： The desk was made of hard wood.39、误This is a good dictionary in E

28、nglish grammar.正This is a good dictionary on English grammar.析关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on 表示某专业用书，about 则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics. 即物理科普知识。40、误Do you have the key of the door.正Do you have the key to the door.析 key to the door 门的钥匙。相同用法还有 answer to the question, entrance to the highway, da

29、nger to health.千万不要用 of。41、误Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.正Today a lot of Chinese people have interest in collecting stamps.析have interest in 是在某方面有兴趣。42、误I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.正I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry with

30、me.析be angry with 其后接人，而be angry at 其后接事。如：He was angry at what she said.43、误He was good for skating.正He was good at skating.析be good at 为 擅长某事 ，而 be good for somebody 为对某人很好。44、误It was good to you to help my little boy.正It was good of you to help my little boy.析 这句话应译为：你真太好了，帮助了我的小孩。而 be good to so

31、mebody 是对某人态度好。如： Her mother is good to everyone.45、误My parents were very pleased at me.正My parents were very pleased with me.正My parents were very pleased at my studying.析be pleased with 后加 somebody, 而 be pleased at 后加 something 。46、误He is agree with me.正He agrees with me.47、误He againsts me.正He is

32、against me.析同意 agree 为动词，而反对against 则为介词。在使用中一定要注意。48、误I havent heard letters from him.正析I havent heard from him.hear from 即为：从某人处得到信件。不要再加letter了。49、误Teacher. May I call at you this weekend?正Teacher. May I call on you this weekend?析 作为 拜访 讲 call at 其后接地点，如： May I call at your home this weekend? 而 c

33、all on 其后接人。50、误Do you know the girl on white?正Do you know the girl in white?析 in white 为穿一身白。 与 in 有关的词组有： in bed( 睡觉 )，in hospital( 住院 )，in a hurry( 匆匆忙忙 )，in danger(危险中 ),in joy ( 高兴 )，in good health( 身体好 )，in love( 恋爱 )，in trouble( 困境) ，与之相反的是 out of , 如：out of trouble ( 摆脱困境 )，out of date(过时了 )

34、， out of order( 出故障 )51、误He looked at me at surprise.正He looked at me in surprise.析surprise 的用法一般有三种。用于句首，To ones surprise,如： To my surprise hesucceeded. be surprised at, 如： I was surprised at the news. 用于句尾in surprise.52、误She didnt come to school because of she was ill.正She didnt come to school bec

35、ause she was ill.析because of 后接名词，如：The game was put off because of the rain.(三 ) 例题解析1- Thank you the beautiful flowers!- Not at all.Ain Bon Cat Dfor答案 D.析 由于某事向某人道谢应用for 。2Can you answer this question English?Aby Bin Cwith Dfrom答案 B.析 in表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the question in a low voice.3Look

36、the map China the wall, please.Aafter, of, in Bat, of, inCafter, in, on Dat, of, on答案 D.析 look at 为 看 ，而 on the wall 为 在墙表面挂着 ，而 in the wall则是 在墙内 ，如：There is hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。4- When did Mr Green arrive in London?- He arrived there the evening of December 6th.Aat Bin Con Dto答案 C.析 in the eve

37、ning / afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为 on,如： on a cold morning, on a spring morning 等。5We won the relay race. And there was a big smile our teachers face.Aoff Bnear Con Dbetween答案 C.6The twins got on well their classmates.Ato Bin Cwith Dabout答案C.析get on well with 与人相处很好。7 - Please remember to c

38、ome to my birthday party. - I see. Ill come Saturday evening.Ain Bat Con Dfor答案C.8Lets hurry ， or well be lateschoolAto Bat Cwith Dfor答案D.析be late for ， 而 come late to， 如：Dont come late to school9They will have a maths test two daysAfor Bat Cin Dafter答案 C.析 三天之内应用 in，而不要受中文影响用after， after three days

39、 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5 天、6天、 10 天全是 after three days。10My brother joined the armyA1989， March Bin March ， 1989CMarch ， 1989 D1989， in March答案 B.析 在月份、年、前用介词in，而日子前用 on。11He couldnt work out the maths problem your helpAwithout Bunder Cfor Dwith答案 A.析 在某人帮助下应用with ， 如： With the help of the teacher I

40、passed the exam easily而要是没有你的帮助则用without your help12Granny took one look at us her glassesAby Bthrough Con Din答案 B.析 through为穿过 。13We had our breakfast a quarter sevenA/， to Bin， to Cat， to Don， to答案 C.析 具体时间点前用at，而差几分几点用to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。14I learn French the radio every dayAon Bin Cfrom Dat答案 A.

41、析 从收音机中听到某事应用词组on the radio 。15Its good manners to wait lineAin Bon Cat Dwith答案A.析in line 为排队。16How many English words had you learnt last term?Aby the end of Bat the end ofCto the end of Dtill the end of答案 A.析 by the end of为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合17The manager was very satisfied his workAin Bon Cabout Dwi

42、th答案 D.析 be satisfied with 为固定搭配。18John hit Jack faceAon the Bin the Con his Din his答案 B.析 英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词 the身体部位，如： He caught the boyby the arm。19I was born the night September 15， 1978Ain， on Bat， on Cat， in Don， of答案 D.析 在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。20Its a bad manner to laugh people when they are tr

43、oubleAover， in Bat， in Cin ， at Dat， for答案 B.析 laugh at嘲笑某人，laugh over笑着谈论某人或某事，in trouble陷入困境。21I cant do this work well Toms helpAunder Bfor Cwithout Dfrom答案 C.22Dont shout the old woman 。You should be more polite herAto， at Bat， to Cin， for Dfrom ， for答案 B.析 shout at为 冲某人喊叫 ，而 be polite to somebo

44、dy 为 对某人和气。 23We must be strict our selves everythingAwith ， in Bin， with Cwith ， to Dto， of答案 A.析 be strict with对某人严格要求。24He went to the football match lunch last SundayAto Bwithout Cbehind Dbetween答案B.析without lunch未吃午饭。25The peoples Republic of China was founded 1949Awith Bon Csince Din答案 D.析 在年代前用 in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用since。26Mr Black got to Hangzhou a few daysAin Bafter Con Dat答案 B.析 这句话应译为：几天之后MrBlack到达了杭州。而不是在几天