2021高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit4夯实训练含答案

1、2021高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 3夯实训练含答案高考题型提能练(三)Unit3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia，especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，_1_Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of pl

2、astic，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might_2_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People pro

3、bably cooked their food in large pots, _4_(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，_5_the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_6_(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the gre

4、at Chinese scholar Confucius，_7_lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the_8_(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _9_(be)too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally ea

5、t _10_their hands.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚洲一些国家中的吃饭工具筷子。1and考查连词。China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam是并列关系。2be made考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。3to create考查动词不定式。作目的状语。4using考查分词。现在分词作状语。5as/when考查连词。as/when“当时，随着”。6gradually考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。7who考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故用who。8development考查名词。此处应用名词作动词的宾语。9were考查时态和动词的数。此处

6、were是与would remind 并列的谓语动词。10with考查介词。固定短语：with ones hands 用某人的手。.阅读理解AThe “Give It Up for Earth Day” encourages people to commit to giving up actions that are harmful to the environment, such as using poisonous cleaners.Throughout the month of April, Canadians are being asked to “Give It Up for Ear

7、th Day！” Earth Day has been celebrated every year on April 22 since 1970. Earth Day Canada president Jed Goldberg says that as people become more environmentally aware, they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.“Earth Day is a great launchin

8、g_pad for thinking about environmental action every day，” said Goldberg. “Choosing healthier options, even for the short term, can lead to thinking about the influence of our decisions for a lifetime.”Thats the reason behind the “Give It Up for Earth Day” campaign. Its designed to encourage healthy

9、habits that benefit people and the planet. It challenges everyone to help create a healthier world by making changes in their daily routine.“We wanted to plan an actiontargeted campaign that will give people a chance to act on their concern for the environment in a positive way，” said Goldberg.The c

10、ampaign has identified four daily actions that can add up to huge environmental savings. They include pledging (保证) to turn off the TV, give up the use of poisonous cleaners, reduce consumption of consumer products and cut out meat.At the end of April, all of the pledges will be recorded and convert

11、ed (转化) into the number of TV hours not watched, dollars not spent on unnecessary items, electricity saved, greenhouse gas emissions (排放) avoided by cutting out meat, and poisonous chemicals produced from homes and landfills.“What were trying to achieve this year for Earth Day is to give people a ch

12、ance to do something that is meaningful and measurable，” said Goldberg.文章大意：4月22日是世界地球日，活动“Give It Up for Earth Day”倡导人们在地球日这一天为保护环境做一些有意义、行之有效的事情。1The aim of the campaign mentioned in the passage is to _.Aenable people to save more money for future useBhelp people develop environmentally friendly h

13、abitsCprevent people from making changes in their daily routineDwarn people against reducing consumption of consumer products答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“Its designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet.”可知，答案B符合文义。2The underlined word “launching pad” (in Paragraph 3) probably mea

14、ns “_”Astarting point Bfinishing line Cexchanging stage Dreforming stage答案：A词义猜测题。画线词所在句意为：地球日是一个引发人们开始对人类日常活动对环境所造成的影响进行思考的起点，由此结合上文“. they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.”和下文中“can lead to thinking about.”可推知，答案A符合文义。finishing line终点线

15、；exchanging stage交流平台；reforming stage改革舞台，均不符合文义，故排除。3We can conclude from the passage that _.AEarth Day was first celebrated over half a century agoBshort term decisions will by no means influence our livesCEarth Day Canada is actually an everyday environmental actionDdaily actions must be measured

16、 to benefit the environment答案：D推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段的整体理解并结合文章最后一句中的“meaningful and measurable”可以推知，我们应该以对环境的影响好坏为标准来判断日常行为是否可行。由此可知，答案D符合文义。4Which disagrees with the spirit of “Give It Up for Earth Day”？ASwitching off TV. BRiding bikes.CUsing poisonous cleaners. DSaving electricity.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的

17、第二句“They include pledging (保证) to turn off the TV, give up the use of poisonous cleaners.”可知，答案C符合文义。B(2021贵阳市适应性考试)Manyyearsago, whenIwasfreshoutofschoolandworkinginDenver, IwasdrivingtomyparentshomeinMissouriforChristmas.Istoppedatagasstationabout50milesfromOklahomaCity, whereIwasplanningtovisitaf

18、riend.WhileIwasstandinginlineatthecashregister (收款机), Isaidhellotoanoldcouplewhowerealsopayingforgas.Itookoff, buthadgoneonlyafewmileswhenblacksmokebeganpouringfromthebackofmycar.IstoppedandwonderedwhatIshoulddo.Acarpulledupbehindme.ItwasthecoupleIhadspokentoatthegasstation.Theysaidtheywouldtakemeto

19、myfriends.Wechattedonthewayintothecity, andwhenIgotoutofthecar, thehusbandgavemehisbusinesscard.Iwrotehimandhiswifeathankyounoteforhelpingme.Soonafterwards, IreceivedaChristmaspresentfromthem.Theirnotethatcamewithitsaidthathelpingmehadmadetheirholidaysmeaningful.Yearslater, Idrovetoameetinginanearby

20、towninthemorning.InthelateafternoonIreturnedtomycarandfoundthatIdleftthelightsonallday, andthebatterywasdead.ThenInoticedthattheFriendlyForddealershipashopsellingcarswasrightnextdoor.Iwalkedoverandfoundtwosalesmenintheshowroom.“JusthowfriendlyisFriendlyFord？”Iaskedandexplainedmytrouble.Theyquicklydr

21、oveapickuptrucktomycarandstartedit.Theywouldacceptnopayment.WhenIgothome, Iwrotethemanotetosaythanks.Ireceivedaletterbackfromoneofthesalesmen.Noonehadevertakenthetimetowritehimandsay“thank you”，anditmeantalot, hesaid.“Thank you”twopowerfulwords.Theyreeasytosayandmeansomuch.1.Whydidthewritergetintoth

22、eoldcouplescar?A.Becausehisparentswereinthecar.B.Becausehiscarhadbrokendown.C.Becausehisfriendtoldhimtodoso.D.Becausehiscarsoilhadrunout.2.Fromthetext, weknowthattheoldcouplewere_.A.talkativeB.braveC.kindD.lonely3.Whatdidtheoldcouplethinkofhelpingthewriter?A.Theycouldgetareward.B.Itmadetheirholidays

23、worthy.C.Theydiditbychance.D.Itwasduetoathankyouletter.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnExperiencetoMissouriB.AnOldCoupleC.AMeaningfulHolidayD.AMeaningfulThankyou5解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“black smoke began pouring from the back of my car”可知，作者的车出故障了，所以他才坐老夫妇的车。6解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，这对老夫妇让作者搭他

24、们的车去见朋友，作者下车后，这个丈夫还给了他一张名片，在作者寄去感谢信后，这对老夫妇给作者寄了一个圣诞礼物，由此可知，这对夫妇很善良。故答案选C。7解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.”可知，这对老夫妇认为，帮助作者让他们的假期很有意义，这一切都是值得的。故答案选B。8解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文作者主要讲述了两个自己受到帮助的故事。每一次受到帮助后，作者都会通过写便条来表达自己对他们的感谢。“感谢”二字虽然

25、说起来容易，但是意义重大。由此可知，D项“一个有意义的感谢”概括出了文章的主旨，最适合做文章标题。故答案选D。CNow many young people are traveling around the world on their own，not because they have no one to travel with，but because they prefer to go alone.Kristina Wegscheider from California first traveled alone when she was at college and believes tha

26、t it is something everyone should do at least once in their life.“It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone.” Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents.In foreign countries，with no one to help you read a map，look after you if you get ill，or

27、lend you money if your wallet is stolen，it is challenging.This is what drives young people to travel alone.It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own.Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year.He set up a webs

28、ite，TheAussieNomad，to document his adventures.He says he wished he had traveled alone earlier.“The people you meet，the places you visit，or the things you do，everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person，” said the 30yearold man.Richardson describes traveling alone like “a shot in the

29、 arm”，which “makes you a more confident person that is ready to deal with anything”He said，“The feeling of having conquered something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when Im dealing with a difficult task.” “I walk around with my head up because I know deep down inside that nothi

30、ng is impossible if you try.”The great 19th century explorer John Muir once said，“Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.”1Which of the following will Kristina Wegscheider agree with?ATraveling alone is a necessary experience for everyone.BIt is more meanin

31、gful to travel in foreign countries.CIt is comfortable to travel around without a friend.DTraveling abroad helps people to find new things.2Traveling alone is challenging because_.Ayou have to make things on your ownBit is hard for you to prove yourself to othersCyou can only depend on yourself what

32、ever happensDit will finally build your character3What can we infer about Chris Richardson?AHe started traveling alone at an early age.BHe was once shot in the arm.CHe used to work as a salesman.DHis website inspires others a lot.4What is the best title for the passage?ATravel AbroadBTravel Unaccomp

33、aniedCTravel Light DTravel Wide and Far【参考答案】阅读理解语篇解读文章介绍了单独旅行的好处、挑战以及感受。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“it is something everyone should do”可知答案为A。答案：A2解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句话“在国外，没有人帮你看地图，你生病的时候没有人照顾你，你钱包被偷的时候没有人借钱给你，这些都是有挑战性的”可知应选C。答案：C3解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段的第一句话可知A项错误，而C项正确。根据第五段的第一句话可知B项错误，文章中用的是比喻的修辞手法，并不是胳膊上真的中了

34、一枪；D项文中未涉及。答案：C4解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“traveling around the world on their own”以及下文多次出现的alone一词可知，B项最适合作文章标题，其中unaccompanied“无人陪伴的”与alone同义。答案：B.任务型阅读(2021河南省高考适应性测试)HowtoBeaGoodFriendAgoodfriend, whowouldntwantone? Everfeltyoursjustnotgoodenoughbutdontknowwheretoimprove? 1._Iusedtoannoyalotofmyfriendsb

35、efore, justforthesakeofhavingfunandfromthat, Ivelearnedhowtobeagoodfriend, andstayasagoodfriend.Listen.Noonelikesbeinginterruptedwhentheyretalking.So, whensomeonetalks, keepyourselfquietandlistentothem, especiallyiftheyrefeelingdown, youneedtobetheshoulderforthemtocryon.Ifyouhaveanycommenttomake, be

36、surethatyouworditinawaywhereyoudontsoundtoonegative.2._Whenyoujustdontsharethesameinterestoryourenotinthemoodtolistentothem, politelyletthemknowandaskthemtounderstand.Alwayssmile.3._Theleastyoucandois, wheneveryouseeyourfriends, smileandsayhello.Thatway, iftheyhadabadday, youcanmakethemfeelbetterwit

37、hyoursmilealongwithyourear, andmaybe, youcansharesomethingfunnytocheerthemup.Donteverlie.Everyonewouldhatebeingliedto, especiallyifitsbyyourownfriend, sodontlie! Itmightseemalrighttolieoccasionally, butonceyouloseyourfriendstrust, youmaylosethemforever.4._Keepsecrets.Makesureyoucankeepasecret.Ifnot, tellyourfriendsstraightawayyoucannothelpyourselfwhenitcomestosecrets.Otherwise, whenyouletthemtellyouabo