2021高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit6夯实训练含答案

1、2021高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 6夯实训练含答案高考题型提能练(六)Unit6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable

2、 is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (co

3、ol) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured o

4、ut exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。1built考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。2the考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。3ability考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their

5、之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。4using考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。5slowly考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。6to cool考查固定句式的用法。“形容词enough动词不定式”为一常用句式。7at考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。8goes考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。9natural考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects

6、，故要用形容词形式。10how考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。.阅读理解AIn modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that

7、 it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. In their

8、singleminded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly bla

9、me competition. Among the_most_vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have a

10、n excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesnt matter because I really didnt try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true co

11、mpetitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in co

12、mpetition.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章首先提出论点“现代社会关于竞争有很多争议”，然后详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法。1What does this passage mainly talk about?ACompetition helps to set up selfrespect.BOpinions about competition are different among people.CCompetition is harmful to personal quality development.DFailures are necessary experiences in

13、competition.答案：B主旨大意题。根据文章首句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可知，现代社会关于竞争有很多争议。下文内容围绕这一点详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法，因此这便是文章的中心论点。故B项正确。2Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?AIt builds up a sense of duty. BIt pushes society forward.CIt improves pers

14、onal abilities. DIt encourages individual efforts.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”可知，有人认为竞争是社会进步和繁荣的动力。故B项正确。3The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means _.Athose who try their best to winBthose who value c

15、ompetition most highlyCthose who are against competition most stronglyDthose who rely on others most for success答案：C词义猜测题。根据语境可知，有些人渴望成功，而有些人持相反的态度。在只注重赢家而不注意普通人的文化价值观下，他们强烈谴责竞争。其中最直言不讳的就是那些来自父母和社会的竞争压力下挣扎的年轻人。根据“Among”可知，画线词是指上文提到的那些强烈谴责竞争的人。故C项正确。4What is the similar belief of the true competitors

16、 and those with a “desire to fail”？AOnes worth lies in his performance compared with others.BOnes success in competition needs great efforts.COnes achievement is determined by his particular skills.DOnes success is based on how hard he has tried.答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三、四句“Clearly, this belief is the sa

17、me as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.”可知，A项正确。5Which point of view may the author agree to?AEvery effort should be paid back.BCompetition should be encoura

18、ged.CWinning should be a lifeanddeath matter.DFear of failure should be removed in competition.答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.”不难看出作者的态度；只有消除竞争中的畏惧心理，我们才能发现竞争的意义。故D项正确。B(2021包头测评)AccordingtoanewU

19、Sstudy, coupleswhoexpecttheirchildrentolookaftertheminoldageshouldhopetheyhavedaughtersbecausedaughtersaretwiceasattentiveassonsoverall.TheresearchbyAngelinaGrigoryeva, fromPrincetonUniversity, foundthat, whilewomenprovideasmuchcarefortheirelderlyparentsastheycanmanage, mendoaslittleastheycangetaway

20、withandoftenleaveittofemalefamilymembers.Heranalysisofthefamilynetworksof26,000olderAmericansconcludedthatgender (性别) isoneofthemostimportantthingsthatdecidewhetherornotpeoplewillactivelycarefortheirelderlyparents.InapaperpresentedattheannualconferenceoftheAmericanSociologicalAssociationinSanFrancis

21、co, sheconcludesthatsimplyhavingasistermakesmenlikelyprovidelesscare.UsingdatafromtheUniversityofMichiganHealthandRetirementStudy, astudywhichhasbeentrackingacrosssectionofover50sforthelastdecade, shecalculatedthatwomenprovideanaverageof12.3hoursamonthofcareforelderlyparentswhilemenofferonly5.6hours

22、.“Sonsreducetheirrelativecaregivingeffortswhentheyhaveasister, whiledaughtersincreasetheirswhentheyhaveabrother.”“Thissuggeststhatsonspassonparentcaregivingresponsibilitiestotheirsisters.”IntheUK, the2011Censusshowedthattherearenowaround6.5millionpeoplewithcaringresponsibilities, afigurewhichhasrise

23、nbyatenthinadecade.Butmanyaredoingsoattheriskoftheirhealth.Thecensusshowedthatthosewhoprovide50hoursormoreofcareaweekwhiletryingtoholddownafulltimejobarethreetimesmorelikelytobestrugglingwithillhealththantheirworkingcounterpartswhoarenotcarers.1.Accordingtothepassage, whatsthemostimportantfactortopr

24、edictifpeoplewillactivelycarefortheelderly?A.Education.B.Gender.C.Career.D.Income.2.TheUSstudyfindsthat_.A.havingasistermakesmenlesslikelytolookaftertheirparentsB.sonsaretwiceaslikelyasdaughterstocareforparentsinoldageC.sonsanddaughtersseemtogiveequalcaretotheirparentsD.sonsareunwillingtoleavecaregi

25、vingresponsibilitiestotheirsisters3.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldgiveuptheirjobtocarefortheelderly.B.Manycareprovidersworklongerhoursthanothers.C.Manycareprovidershavepotentialhealthproblems.D.Peopleshouldntpassoncaringresponsibilitiestoothers.4.Theauthordevelopsthetextby_

26、.A.explainingsocialnetworksofcareersB.describingpeoplesexperiencesC.comparingdifferentgenderbehaviorD.analyzingvariousresearchesanddata1解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“concludedthatgender (性别) isoneofthemostimportantthingsthatdecidewhetherornotpeoplewillactivelycarefortheirelderlyparents”可知，决定人们是否会主动照顾老年人的最主要因素是

27、性别。故选B。2解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段可知，美国社会学家AngelinaGrigoryeva得出结论，家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少，与A项内容一致。故A项正确。3解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段主题句“But many are doing so at the risk of their health.”及下文可知，在最后一段作者着重指出很多护理提供者都有潜在的健康问题。故选C。4解析：选D写作手法题。通读全文可知，作者在第三、五、八段给出了研究的数据，接着在相应数据段落的下一段分析得出结论。由此可推知，本文是以分析各种研究和数据得出相关结论的写作手法展开的。故选D。CMr

28、 Peter Johnson，aged twentythree，battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water.He took the only escape routethrough the boot.Mr Johnsons car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and

29、 hit a bank.“Fortunately，the water began to come in only slowly，” Mr Johnson said.“I couldnt force the doors open because they were jammed against the wails of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”Mr Johnson，a sweet salesman of Sitting Home，Kent，first

30、 tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn (笛) and hammering on the roof and boot.Then he began his struggle to escape.Later he said，“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into

31、the boot.I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear，but no help came.”It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat，and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot.Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.Fifteen minutes passed by.“It

32、 was the only chance I had.Finally_it_gave，but as soon as I moved the boot lid，the water and mud poured in.I forced the lid down into the mud and climbed up clear as the car filled up.”His hands and arms cut and bruised，Mr Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby.Huddled in a blanket，he said，“That thirty

33、minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible，police said last night.The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.1Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr Johnson?AThe hammer.BThe coin.CThe seat.DThe horn.2We know from the passage

34、 that_.AMr Johnsons car stood on its boot as it fell downBMr Johnsons car accident was partly due to the slippery roadCMr Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seatDMr Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam3“Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 mea

35、ns that_.Aat last the wrench went brokenBthe chance was lost at the last minuteCthe lock came open after all his effortsDluckily the door was torn away in the end4What is the best title for this newspaper article?ADriver Escapes through Car BootBThe Story of Mr Johnson，a Sweet SalesmanCThe Driver Su

36、rvived a Terrible Car AccidentDCar Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape Route【参考答案】阅读理解语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Mr Johnson在自己的车意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事。1解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Mr Johnson所说的话“It was really a half penny that saved my life.It was the only coin I had in my pocket”可知，是一枚硬币(coin)救了他的命，硬币对他极其重要。答案：B2解析：推理判断题

37、。根据第二段第一句“Mr Johnsons car had ended up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin，Kent after he lost proper control on ice and hit a bank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑导致了这起事故。答案：B3解析：句意理解题。根据第五段第二句“Then Mr Johnson found a wrench (扳手) and began to work on the boot lock.”可知，文中画线的it指的是“the boot lock”，此处指他打开了锁。答案：C4解析：标题概括题。根据对文章

38、的整体理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要讲的是一位司机在意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故选A项。答案：A.任务型阅读(2021银川质量检测)HowtoLoveYourParentsEvenifyouthinkthatyourparentsaremeanspiritedattimes, lovingyourparentsisanormalandfulfillingpartoflife.Youlovethemforthefactthattheycreatedyou, raisedyou, andareinpartasourceofwhoyouare.Herearesomewaystol

39、oveyourparents.1._Agentle“good morning”and“I love you”willwarmacoldestheart.Rememberthattheybroughtyouintothisworld.Withoutyourparents, youmightstillwanderatanunknowncornerinanunknownworld.Respectthemmoreandcherishthesemoments.Youcanusethesemomentstolearnfromthemforwhenyoureoffonyourown.ItsOKtogetan

40、grybutangryactionsdonthelpyouoryourparents.Actcalmly, cooloff, journalaboutyourfeelings, ortalktoafriend.2._Obeytheirrequests.Itwillmakeyourattitudebetterandearnyoumorerespectfromthem.Itmayseemlikeyouaregoingthroughhellwhenyoudontgetwhatyouwantoryouhavetoclean.However, youhadbetterremembertheykeepar

41、oofoveryourheadwhenitscold, raining, snowing, ortoohot.Understandthatparentsarehumanbeingsandmakemistakes.3._Sinceyoucanforgiveyourfriends, whynotforgiveyourparents?Keepcompanywiththem.DothingswithyourparentslikewatchingTV, orgosomewherewiththem.4._Listentotheiroldstoriesandlearnfromthem.Youwillfind

42、theyareyourteachersinthiswayoranother.Somepeoplesimplymaynotbeabletolovetheirparents.5._Seekhelpifyouarebeingabusedinanyway.Parentsdonothavearighttoharmyou.A.Forgivenessisthekey.B.Tellthemyoulovethemeverymorning.C.Parentswillinturnexpresstheirlovetoyou.D.Afterthis, shareyourfeelingswithyourparents.E

43、.Anyway, spendasmuchtimewiththemasyoucan.F.Pleaserememberparentsareasimportantasfriends.G.Therecanberealisticreasonsforthis, familyviolenceforexample.完形填空(2021太原学段测评)Eyesareakindoflanguageweusetoexpressourselves.Throughoneseyes, wecan_1_sorrow, happinessorencouragementandmanyother_2_.Eyesarealwayson

44、eofthefastestandmostdirectorgansto_3_ourthoughts.Istillrememberan_4_experience, whichhappenedwhenItookpartinasingingcontestattheageofnine.Itwasthe_5_ofmymotherseyesthatencouragedmetogoforit.Ihadshowedgreat_6_insingingbeforethat.ButIwastooshytosingin_7_.Soonedaymymothertookmeto_8_upforthesingingconte

45、st.Withmymothers_9_andencouragement, Iwasdeterminedtomeetthat_10_.Standingonthestage, IsuddenlyfoundIbecamethe_11_ofalltheeyes.IgotsonervousthatIcouldnteven_12_myeyesopen.Whenitwasmyturntobeintroducedtotheaudienceandsing, Ibecameevenmore_13_.Ifeltmylegswereshakingandmymemoryseemed_14_，asIcouldntreme

46、mberanything.Searchingforhelp, I_15_mymotherseyeswhichweresparklingwithencouragementandstrongpower.Itseemedthattheywere_16_tome, “Comeon, Baby! Takeiteasy.Ill_17_bewithyou！”IreadthemessagethroughhereyesandatthatmomentI_18_myconfidenceandbegantosingmysong.WhenIcamedownfromthestage, shecameuptomeandga

47、vemea_19_hug, saying, “Great! Improudofyou！”Atthattime, Ifoundhereyesfilledwithtearsof_20_.Sometimes, yousee, justtheencouragingeyesthemselvescanmakeashypersonbrave.1.A.feelB.readC.findD.cause2.A.emotions B.passionsC.expressions D.impressions3.A.rewriteB.rebuildC.revealD.repeat4.A.unbelievableB.unfa

48、irC.unableD.unforgettable5.A.rightB.powerC.senseD.sight6.A.interestB.prideC.surpriseD.delight7.A.audienceB.schoolC.publicD.hall8.A.singB.jogC.joinD.sign9.A.cooperationB.companyC.comprehensionD.conduct10.A.challengeB.difficultyC.changeD.discussion11.A.distance B.directionC.focus D.front12.A.haveB.mak

49、eC.letD.keep13.A.curiousB.nervousC.seriousD.anxious14.A.goneB.broughtC.missedD.left15.A.turnedB.openedC.metD.raised16.A.tellingB.passingC.sendingD.speaking17.A.usuallyB.alwaysC.almostD.even18.A.regainedB.recitedC.receivedD.returned19.A.suddenB.blankC.bigD.suitable20.A.encouragementB.sorrowC.regretD.

50、joy.短文改错(2021南宁市高中毕业班适应性测试)IcanwellrememberifIdidntpasstheChineseexamseveraltimesinlastyear.IfeltthatIwaslaughedbyalltheotherclassmates.MyChineseteachernoticesmydifficulty, soshegavemeanyadviceandtoldmetochangemyattitude.Withherhelp, Itriedtofacethetroublewiththepositiveattitude.Tomysurprise, everythingchangedgreat.ItwasnotlongafterImadegreatprogressinmyChinese.Lifeisfullofdifficulties.Sometimeyoumaynotbeabletodecidethesituat