翻译三级笔译实务2004年11月

1、翻译三级笔译实务2004年11月 （含答案）2004年 11 月英语三级笔译实务试题 Section 1: English-Chinese Translation ( 英译汉 ) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school.Referring to stress, she heaved a

2、big sigh and said: Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-ori

3、ented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee ha

4、d set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singapo

5、re Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with materi

6、al success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees successis rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit - the family.Parents should not dro

7、wn their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a c

8、ampfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions t

9、o the lost traveler, I will say.And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations lea

10、ders echo that idea as well.This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they wont feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindse

11、ts of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education.It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen

12、or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.近年来， 中国政府倡导国内旅游， 推行“假日经济” 政策，给公民每年 3 次为期一周的长假，让他们将更多 储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。 2004 年，五一节的总 旅游消费达 390 亿元人

13、民币。目前旅游业收入占国内生产总值的2.3% 。预计到2013 年，旅游收入将每年增长 10%，并创造 4,000万个 就业机会。旅游的间接效益更大， 估计创造了 1，840 亿美元的 经济活动，以及 5，400 万个就业岗位。 这些经济活动包 括政府花在会议上的旅游开支，以及重要的旅游项目投 资。中国在公路、火车站和机场方面投资巨大。新航线 和公交公司不断涌现，竞争降低了旅游成本。京沪间单 程机票售价为 850-900 元人民币，有时还会更低。一些 航线开展网上售票服务，方便人们购票。更多私车和汽 车租赁中介的出现让数百万人不仅能跟团旅游，还能自己开车出游参考译文及采分点解析Section

14、1：英译汉 （60 分 ） 参考译文 几个星期前，我问一个 14 岁的朋友她如何应对自己 的学业。谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这儿事要多糟， 有多糟。”随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的 学科倾诉自己的苦恼。人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制 度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现 了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么 还要费心一问。追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基 础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就 则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。这种文化是难以改变的。新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为 向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去

15、从事其它 职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此 情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否 成功。成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在 帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、 公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。新加坡政府想针对本国物质成功为先的理念采取行 动，这是件好事。但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行 动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立 37 年来形成的一种整体文化， 改造新加坡委员会才能取 得成功。而这种改变必须始于最基本的社会单位家庭。家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得 100 分”的约 束。学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败。一篇中文论文 得 70

16、 分绝不意味着生活无望。如果有朝一日我成为家长， 我要带我的孩子去露营， 向他们演示用军用饭盒在篝火上煮饭是一种乐趣，告诉 他们躺在草地上的睡袋里一点也不脏。实际上，这是有教育意义的，因为猎户星座与其它 明亮的星星高挂夜空，它们的形态和图案诉说的不仅仅 是一个神话。例如，我认为它们可以为迷路的旅行人指 引方向。说不定我的孩子可能会在数年后成为一个天文学 家，而这一切则源于我与他一起在夜晚观察空中闪烁的 星星。这就是我的观点。家长应该教育自己的孩子，生活 中除了学业外还有更丰富的内容。如果国家领导人也认同那种观点就更好了。由此，当孩子们渴望成为另一个杨玮玲 (JOSCELIN YEO)时，他们就

17、不会感到，在面对一个敬畏医生和律师 的社会时，他们要进行一场失败之战。然而，这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深蒂固，许多 家长的思想倾向也是如此。但家长们可以从改造新加坡 委员会那里得到启示，意识到要给予自己的孩子正确的 教育。咱们现在拭目以待， 也许 10 年后，更多的人将选择 其它职业。希望到那时，没人会认为运动员或音乐家在 追求梦想时作出了太过巨人的牺牲。采分点解析 1 Referring to stress ， she heaved a big sigh and said： “ Aiyah ， anything bad that can happen has already happened

18、谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：哎呀，这儿 事要多糟，有多糟。 ”分析 用词选词采分点。heave 举起，起伏，叹 (气)；在此 heaved a big sigh 译作：深叹一口气； Anything bad that can happen has already happened .原意为：能发生的坏事都已发生了； 言外之意：“事情糟得不能再糟了。 ”或“这儿事要多糟， 有多糟。”2. Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard ， and so on .随

19、后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的 学科倾诉自己的苦恼。分析 理解结构采分点。 此句是根据汉语的语言习惯对原文的词序进行调 整，使译文尽可能地通顺。将介词 +关系代词构成的介 词短语引起的定语从句放到被修饰的名词前，将表示时 间、地点的副词提前。 另外，短语 pour out 倾诉，倾吐； pour out their woes 倾诉自己的苦恼。3. Pessimism again， in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system ， widely regarded as too results-o

20、riented ， and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过 分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现了对 新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要 费心一问。分析 理解结构采分点。 此句是个很长的并列句，可用断句法将并列句分成 两个句子来翻译。翻译前要仔细推敲，按逻辑顺序对全 句进行综合处理。还要注意翻译中肯定与否定，主动与 被动的互换。本句还应注意词的选用，如： pessimism 泽成“悲观情绪；all-too-familiar remarks 译成“耳熟 能 详 的 言 语 ” 或 根 据 上 下 文

21、， 意 译 成 “ 牢 骚 ”；results-oriented 过分注重成绩。4 The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture ， which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves .追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础， 这一文化重 在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要 获得财富和地位。分析 理解结构采分点。 本句是个带有非限定性定语从句的复合句，要分别

22、 采用换序译法和断句译法。主句主语带有一个定语，翻 译时只需将之放到所修饰的名词之前即可；非限定性定 语从句和其中 where 引导的从句都可当作并列句采用断 句法来译。 must-haves 译成“一定要获得财富和地位 / 必须获得财富和地位” 。5. So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success ，encouraging Singaporeans to realize alt

23、ernative careers in the arts ，sports，research or as entrepreneurs ，I had my doubts about its success in this area， if not coupled with help from parents themselves.新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之 一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去 从事其它职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当 我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的 改造可否成功。分析 理解结构采分点。本句是个非常长的简单句，译前要仔细推敲它的含 义

24、。句首是个长长的时间状语从句，之中还包括一个宾 语从句，宾语从句中还带有两个并列的现在分词短语作 宾语补足语。译时可将句子断开， 同时要按照汉语习惯， 扩展词义，将话说完整。new译成新成立的；Remaking Singapore Committee 译成“改造新加坡委员会” ： challenging the traditional roads to success 译戍“向传统 的成功之路发起挑战” ， realize 实现，认识到，在此译 为“从事”。本句主句中所说的“its succesS指实现前面提 到的“目标、”，后面有个条件句，翻译时要调整语序。 6 The new Remaki

25、ng Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs ：cash， condos， clubs， credit cards and cars ， to help prepare the nation for the future 成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡 总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人 不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。分析 用词选词采分点a brainchild 脑

26、力劳动的产物 （ 如计划、作品等 ），在 此指（总理的）设想，理解结构采分点。 to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs ：cash， condos， clubs， credit cards and cars 使新加坡人不要只盯羞钞 票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。此处翻译要根据英 语和汉语的习惯，将肯定变为否定。7 But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is

27、 rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independenee;但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变 独立 37 年来形成的一种整体文化， 改造新加坡委员会才 能取得成功。分析 理解结构采分点。此句可用换序译法， 同时将被动变主动， 即将 if the family unit itself is not involved 译成“如果没有家庭单 位的参与”，句首的 it 指的是上一句的 the government wants to do something abou

28、t the eountrys preoeeupation with material sueeess ，在翻译中要译全。 the eommittees sueeess is rooted in 也要将被动变主动， 译为“扎根于”，“在于”。8Parents should not drown their ehildren in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life 家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于 “我要得 100 分”的约束。学科的课程决定不了生活中 的成败。分析 用

29、词选词采分点。Mantra（ 印度教和佛教中的 ）曼特罗，祷文，符咒， 在此 drown their children in mantras 可译成“把孩子禁 锢在（紧箍咒中 ）”，本句中 I want hundred marks 是介词 of 的宾语，因此各词之间都加上了连字符号，译为“我 要得 100 分”， be-all 全部； end-all 结尾，最终目标， 因此第二句可译作“学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败” 或“学科的课程并不是生活的一切” 。9 Orion 天 猎户星座分析 基本素质采分点。Orion 是天文学专有名词，表示“猎户星座” 。 10 However ， the cu

30、lture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents 然而，这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深 蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。分析 理解结构采分点。 本句是个并列句。前面一句的主语带有一个定语从 句，翻译时可将定语从句放到它所修饰的名词前：后面 一句是倒装句，翻译时要按倒装顺序来译。11. It is now wait-and-see咱们现在拭目以待分析 用词选词采分点。wait-and-see 等着瞧，等看清形势再说：在此译作 “拭目以待”更恰当。S

31、ection 2：汉译英 (40 分 ) 参考译文 In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of holiday economics, giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and eating out. In 2004, total tourist sp

32、ending during the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan.Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nations gross domestic product (GDP), and revenues are expected to grow by 10 percent annually through to 2013, creating 40 million jobs.The indirect effects of tourism are even greater, accounting for

33、an estimated US$184 billion of economic activity and contributing to some 54 million jobs. That activity includes significant investment in tourism projects, as well as government travel expenditures on meetings.China has spent heavily on building roads, railway stations and airports. New airlines a

34、nd bus companies have emerged, and competition has cut the cost of travel. A one-way air ticket between Shanghai and Beijing costs 850-900 yuan, and cheaper prices are occasionally available. Some airlines have begun online ticketing services, making it even easier to take a holiday. More private ca

35、rs and the emergence of car rental agencies have allowed millions of people to travel on their own, as well as in tour groups.采分点解析 1 近年来，中国政府倡导国内旅游， 推行“假日经济” 政策，给公民每年 3 次为期一周的长假，让他们将更多 储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。 In recent years， the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of

36、“holiday economics ”，giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel ， shopping and eating out 分析 用词选词采分点。 此句用到意译法；“倡导”在此的意义其实是“鼓励”： 因为 initiate 意思为“创使；发起” 。国内旅游是早已存 在的现象，因此本句应用 encourage。“国内旅游应译为：domestic travel。类似的还有： encourage (stimulate) tourist travel 鼓励 (刺激