中国银行考试笔试真题笔经真题回忆农行笔试真题

1、2009中国银行招聘考试笔试真题关于银行笔试真题现在银行采用机考，所以没纸卷，真题靠回忆不可能回忆全，只有部分真题给历年考生的经验。其实仔细研究下很有帮助经验分享版1昨天去中行笔试了，好冷的天气，之前看前辈们笔经的时候也是写到很冷的时候笔的，没想到今年也是那么冷，还下着雨关于中行的笔试，第一体会好多题，机考看得眼睛好累！还有那些题目都没有题号的，一路做下去都不知道做到什么程度了，心里还没底，只是死命的往前题目类型还是和去年的差不多：英语方面选词填空大半部分都是辨析词义，很多词都不认识（可能是我很久没记单词的缘故，所以也不敢说那些词到底是什么程度），前半部分的词很生疏，后面有些部分的词还好，也可

2、能是做熟手了点。接着是完形填空（不知有没记错顺序），不是很难，六级那样的程度，只不过我也没做得很好。只不过比后面那些几乎没怎么看懂的阅读比还算看懂了，可是还是想不起来讲什么的，真的是题太多了。之后是阅读，4篇阅读（我出现幻觉好像是做了5篇，都搞不清楚了，题目上明明是说4篇的），每篇五道题，都不是细节题，推断及主旨大意题占绝大部分，很多人说比专八难，考得很崩溃，真是在碰运气了。接着是改错（好像是在前面的。不太记得了，记得的同学帮我纠正下吧），这部分很失败的一点是，我没搞清楚那些句子是不是整篇文章的。根据上年的笔经，似乎是。这部分也是做的很模糊，但是也没有阅读的感觉差。然后是排序，似乎也不算是排序

3、，有点像是BEC里面那些选句子填空，这部分我就是乱做的，搞不清了，而且是放到最后做的。然后是快速阅读，限时5分钟，2篇文章，5道题目，第一篇是2道题，第二篇三道题。文章内容是讲圣诞节的，不是很难，只是时间很紧，文章不是很长，和前面阅读的文章长度差不多。英语后是休息30分钟，塞了很多巧克力，又饿又冷。行测和综合知识是一起考的，但是都限时一小时。行测数量关系，言语表达。等等那些我觉得都不是很难，比国考感觉轻松点，只是图形推理让我很摸不着头脑，现在记得的只是考了九宫格推理，还有图形折叠的抽象空间想象的，没有上年那么的图形推理，个人认为今年的推理比较常规，却也让我很纠结。其中时事考了蛮多的，现在也不太

4、记得考了什么了，只顾着做题。综合知识上年差不多，方方面面都考了，证券投资类的考得比较多，较上年的货币银行学似乎少了，其他的国际金融，国际贸易，管理学，市场营销等等的这部分考的题都没法猜，虽然考的那些科目我都学过，在去笔试之前也有再回去看了看课件，但是还是做得不是很好，因而得出个结论：要想做好这部分题目真是要考平时扎实的基础，一时的补习还是很难应付的（或许是我资质愚钝吧）要说明的是，这部分的题目分单选是多选，多选也不知道是很怎给分的。这样就完了。考得很迷糊，也记得不太清楚了，只能这样的写写自己考试的感觉，不能提供给很多的信息，真是不好意思。希望会对后面的同学有点帮助。2012银行校园招聘考试复习

5、资料 更多资料可加QQ： 淘宝店：/经验分享版22009年12月27日中国银行笔试回忆原题第一次写如此完整的笔经，用了两个多小时，回报下自己在论坛上看到过的笔经。希望明年的人能用到。机试：只有在最开始介绍题型和题量，没有在做的过程中时时更新，导致不知道还有多少题没有做，（这个没有银行从业和证券从业做的科学），有人已经在版上建议了抄下有多少题。总结里可能也包括了别人回忆出来的，然后加以补充选项的。目前综合共回忆出60多道题，好像总共86题，因为我行测后错点了交卷，哈哈，提示还有86题没完成，不过没有确认，这点很好，会要你再三确认的。英语：和去年的笔经考题

6、一样，单词，改错，完形，阅读（普通阅读+一篇排序+一篇填空+5分钟两篇快速阅读），单词是六级难度，完形较简单（但不用看第二遍了，开始我自认为做的快，看了第二遍，结果没有充分利用好这部分节省下来的时间）好像也是六级还是考研或者专八的题，有点印象，还不是完全一样，那篇也讲的是light therapy.以下是原文：When travelers pass from one time zone to another, they suffer from disrupted circadian rhythms, an uncomfortable feeling known as jet lag. For

7、instance, if you travel from California to New York, you lose 3 hours according to your bodys clock. You will feel tired when the alarm rings at 8 a.m. the next morning because, according to your bodys clock, it is still 5 a.m. It usually takes several days for your bodys cycles to adjust to the new

8、 time. To reduce the effects of jet lag, some doctors try to manipulate the biological clock with a technique called light therapy. They expose people to special lights, many times brighter than ordinary household light, for several hours near the time the subjects want to wake up. This helps them r

9、eset their biological clocks and adjust to a new time zone.Symptoms much like jet lag are common in people who work nights or who perform shift work. Because these peoples work schedules are at odds with powerful sleep-regulating cues like sunlight, they often become uncontrollably drowsy during wor

10、k, and they may suffer insomnia or other problems when they try to sleep. Shift workers have an increased risk of heart problems, digestive disturbances, and emotional and mental problems, all of which may be related to their sleeping problems. The number and severity of workplace accidents also ten

11、d to increase during the night shift. Major industrial accidents attributed partly to errors made by fatigued night-shift workers include the Exxon Valdez oil spill and the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear power plant accidents. One study also found that medical interns working on the night s

12、hift are twice as likely as others to misinterpret hospital test records, which could endanger their patients. It may be possible to reduce shift-related fatigue by using bright lig hts in the workplace, minimizing shift changes, and taking scheduled naps.Many people with total blindness experienc e

13、 life-long sleeping problems because their retinas are unable to detect light. These people have a kind of permanent jet lag and periodic insomnia because their circadian rhythms follow their innate cycle rather than a 24-hour one. Daily supplements of melatonin may improve night-time sleep for such

14、 patients. However, since the high doses of melatonin found in most supplements can build up in the body, long-term use of this substance may create new problems. Because the potential side effects of melatonin supplements are still largely unknown, most experts discourage melatonin use by the gener

15、al public.总结：应该拿以前的六级单词来练，改错因为是一句句的，和一篇的改错有点不一样，但也可以去找六级的练。阅读拿专八或者考研的题练习，速读这个做一两篇就好，不用费时间复习，专四和专八里有。排序和填空阅读可以找考研真题练练，或者看一本新题型的书。中行的复习英语还是要好好看的。也有可能碰到原题的。职业能力测试：和去年完全不一样，就是公务员的行测，没怎么按这个复习，还是靠了国考准备的时候打下的底子。不过行测比较简单。2012银行校园招聘考试复习资料 更多资料可加QQ： 淘宝店：/综合专业：计算不要忽视。（太难的可以跳过，先随便选一个）经济金融会计

16、等（今年几乎没考经济学）1.有MM定理计算，给了无债时候的资金成本等，计算有债的企业价值。具体不记得了。2.考了看涨看跌期权。大意是；如果原生资产股票价格现在31元，有一个看涨期权执行价30元，期权费5元，一个看跌期权执行价30元，期权费0.5元。还给了无风险利率10%？问是看涨期权还是看跌期权高估或低估，怎么套利（选择）。3.考了关税的有效保护率。进口电视机和显像管分别20%，10%的关税。显像管的价值是电视机价值的四分之一，问电视机的有效保护率，（A.24.5%，B.26.5%，C.29.5% D.32.%）好像是B那个答案。4. 甲乙两人房屋置换，甲的房子140平，100万，乙的房子12

17、0平，70万，问应收多少契税，税率1%。（0.3万，0.7万，1万，等）5. 消费函数为C=100+(y-t)*0.8， 其中c是消费 y是收入 t是税收。问如果政府支出和税收同时增加100，收入如何变化： 选.收入增加100（政府平衡系数为1）6.某人买某债券，票面利率为6%，每年付息60美元，连续10年，到期还本1000美元，问该债券的内在价值（1000？）7. 已知销售后含税价格5600？（不记得了），消费税率30%，求应纳的消费税？A.1500 B.1200 C.1000 D8.市场如果是弱势有效的话，它反映了什么信息？ A. 反映了所有公开信息 B、反映了内幕消息 C.反映了即时消息

18、，D.仅反映了历史交易信息9. 福费廷的特点：A. 涉及金额小，浮动利率 B.金额大，浮动利率 C.金额小，固定利率 D.金额大，浮动利率10. 如果一个人进口500万，约定用远期3个月的信用证交易，他面临的是什么风险？（好像每年都考，但我没有去找过答案，好像还是答错了）A.交易风险 B.折算风险 C.经济风险 D.会计风险11. 2009我国发行有史以来期限最长的国债，50年期限，其发行采用的招标方式： A.美国式、混合式、荷兰式、欧洲式12. 甲贷款给乙，本来在合同中约定乙用其房屋A作抵押，但在抵押登记时登记的是B，问根据物权法最终无法还款要执行抵押权利，应该对A还是B，还是随便A还是B都

19、可以还是不能主张权利。13. 票据流通中，有四个背书人甲乙丙丁，后来发现票据的金额是变造的，经过鉴定发现，甲乙都是在变造前签章，丁是在变造后签章，无法确定丙的签章是在变造前还是变造后，问最终应该谁对持票人戊负责：A. 甲乙丙丁都以变造金额对戊承担责任 B. 丙丁对戊承担责任 C. 甲乙都以变造前金额对戊承担责任 丙丁都以变造金额对戊承担责任D甲乙丙都以变造前金额对戊承担责任，丁以变造金额对戊承担责任14. 公司法修改后的规定： A. 一个有限责任公司股东对公司债务承担无限连带责任 B最低出资额3万元15.保险合同中以下哪项是不必要写的：A.保险人和被保险人的住所或者名称B. 保险人的住所和名称

20、C. D. 保险人和被保险人的关系16.哪个理论是宏观经济学理论：A. 鲍莫尔模型 B.17.期权定价理论的最初的模型提出者是谁？(英文名)答案好像是C。black-scholes option pricing model根据BS模型推出为名字里含有B和S的。（A.为舒瓦茨和谁。还有个选项有myron）18. 没有得到委托人指示，托收行就应付款人申请，在T/R条件下把提货清单给了付款人，付款人提货后没有钱付款，谁承担责任？A.托收行 B.委托行 C.付款人 D.委托人19. 信用卡消费时怎么记账？A.消费时借记支出贷记应付账款，还款时借应付账款，贷记现金。B. 消费时借记现金贷记应付账款，还款

21、时借应付账款，贷记支出。等等20. 弗里德曼货币需求理论强调恒久性收入21. 以下哪个风险最大VAR？A.5年期99%置信区间 B.1年期95置信区间 C.5年期95置信区间， D.1年期99%置信区间22. M是一银行的理财经理，他所接待的下列客户中风险承受能力最大的是：A.王大妈，能承受20%本金损失 B.李先生非常关注股市，兴趣很高，而且即使套牢也不止损C.张小姐喜欢听专家消息炒股，赚了高兴赔了睡不着觉。D.某某不求高利润回报，只求基本平稳23. 货币政策工具中央银行最没有主动权的是： A. 直接信用控制B。再贴现政策 C. 存款准备金 D.24. 开放式基金公开募集要达到多少亿,多少户

22、：A.1亿，100户 B。2亿 100户 C.2亿 1000户 D25. 某银行买入的外汇大于卖出的外汇：空头还是多头26.哪个是商业银行的核心资本？ A.未分配利润 B. C.次级贷款 D.呆账准备金27.全球金融危机下银行遭受损失，最先损失的是什么？ A.现金流 B.准备金 C.资本金 D.28. 凯恩斯流动性溢价是什么？A.即期利率与预期未来远期利率之差。 B.预期未来即期利率与远期利率之差。 C29.那个票据要承兑？A.即期本票 B.即期汇票 C.远期汇票 D.远期本票30. 费雪方程式与剑桥方程式多选：1.某人现在有一个股票，他担心未来价格会下跌，问怎么套期保值：A. 现在买看涨期权

23、 B.现在买看跌期权C.做空头期货套期保值 D.做多头期货套期保值2. 哪些是2004年新巴塞尔协议新提出的 A. 信用风险的内部评级法 B. 资本分为核心资本和附属资本C. 表外纳入表内监督、D提出信用风险、市场风险和操作风险3.今年的GDP包括哪些：A.去年建的房子今年销售的增值 B.今年新建的房子 C.旧二手车的销售价格 D.以新的发动机换旧的磨损的不能用的发动机4. 压力测试相比VAR的优势：A.压力测试能测试肥尾效应 BC.压力测试能准确衡量最大损失。D. VAR能衡量最大损失，不能衡量损失可能性5.下列哪些同时引起资产和负债变动：A.还银行负债1000万元。 B.买了个固定资产 C

24、. D.6. 效用U=XY，X价格为1,Y的价格为2，收入40元，问：A.Y 的价格降为1，X的最优选择不变。B. Y 的价格降为1，对X的替代效应为-10，收入效应为10.7. 期权的价格变动与什么有关，选正确的： A.期权的价格与期限同方向变动。B. 期权的价格与市场利率同方向变动。 C. 期权的价格与股票红利分配反方向变动 D. 与股票价格波动幅度无关8. 基础货币是？A.法定存款准备金 B.库存现金 C.流通中公众持有的现金 D.存款金额9. 哪些是中长期贷款？ A打包放款 B.银团贷款 C.福费廷 D.票据贴现？10.其他考点 UCP600相比UCP500的进步，国际收支支出分析劳动

25、法要好好看1某某某跟公司签订5年的劳动合同，试用期规定应该是： 不超过6个月（这题竟然改错了：劳动合同期限三个月以上不满一年的，试用期不得超过一个月；劳动合同期限一年以上不满三年的，试用期不得超过二个月；三年以上固定期限和无固定期限的劳动合同，试用期不得超过六个月。每年考）2.女职工在孕期、产期、哺乳期不得解除劳动合同。有两题：一个是某人在孕期营私舞弊对单位造成重大损失，怎样才可以解除劳动合同？A。孕期过后解除。B.不可以解除，C.哺乳期过后解除，D立即解除一个是作为某题的一个选项。3. 集体合同订立后，应当报送劳动行政部门；劳动行政部门自收到集体合同文本之日起十五日内未提出异议的，集体合同即

26、行生效。（有30，15等）4. 企业拖欠工人最低工资，经有关部门提醒后一定期限后仍然拖欠，逾期应对其罚款：A最低工资的50%到100% B100%到200% C、D。（第八十五条用人单位有下列情形之一的，由劳动行政部门责令限期支付劳动报酬、加班费或者经济补偿；劳动报酬低于当地最低工资标准的，应当支付其差额部分；逾期不支付的，责令用人单位按应付金额百分之五十以上百分之一百以下的标准向劳动者加付赔偿金：（一）未按照劳动合同的约定或者国家规定及时足额支付劳动者劳动报酬的；（二）低于当地最低工资标准支付劳动者工资的；（三）安排加班不支付加班费的；（四）解除或者终止劳动合同，未依照本法规定向劳动者支付经

27、济补偿的。）5.试用期的规定还有一题，好像是选说法错误的还是对的。用到以下知识点：同一用人单位与同一劳动者只能约定一次试用期。以完成一定工作任务为期限的劳动合同或者劳动合同期限不满三个月的，不得约定试用期。试用期包含在劳动合同期限内。劳动合同仅约定试用期的，试用期不成立，该期限为劳动合同期限。管理：1.管理的内容（管理方法和技术）2.营销管理是什么管理： A. 产品管理 B .渠道管理 C.需求管理 D供给管理多选：1.马斯洛需求层次理论有生理需求，还有： A. 安全需要 B。社交需要 C. 尊重需要 D。自我价值实现需要 2.促销组合除了广告外包含哪些？A.营业推广 B.人员促销 C.销售促

28、进 D.3. 除了经济环境、社会文化环境、政治环境外还有什么：A.科学技术环境，B. CD.自然地理环境人力资源竟然考的不少：单选有1. 企业人力资源部门的职务分析包括职务描述，还有： A.职务素质要求B.职务能力要求C职务资格要求。 D.职务技术要求 2.企业人力资源部门的人力资源计划包括A.职工教育培训 B. 招聘计划 C人力配置？时事：1. 澳门第三人行政长官崔世安7月6号贴出公告，原任社会文化司司长（这个本来选对了，又改成了民政署长，哎，手机报曾经看到过，还预测了要出崔世安没想到这么出，通过和就职时间都记住了，就是没记贴公告的时间）2.哥本哈根气候大会全称联合国气候变化框架公约第15次

29、会议 3. 8月8日下午，甘肃酒泉千万千瓦级风电基地正式开工建设。这是世界首个连片开发、并网运行的千万千瓦级风电基地建设项目，总投资将达1200多亿元，成为西部大开发的又一标志性工程。（又一个改错了，改成天水了）4. 今年世界环境日的主题是“地球需要你：团结起来应对气候变化”。5. 根据中央工作经济会议内容，2010政策基调是：应该选积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策计算机：单选：1.二进制数转换成十进制（100）2.顶级域名.cc是： A.商业组织 B.国际组织 CD军事组织。3. 计算机资源管理器中的“查找”功能不能根据什么查找： A文件名 B。只能根据磁盘位置不能根据 C.文件大小 D4

30、. 下列哪个IP地址不合法：含有256的一个。（0-255）5. CPU访问范围：能马上访问内部储存器不能访问外部储存器，既能内部又能外部，等等。6. BBS是什么？7. internet是基于那个协议 多选：1.电子邮件协议有: A. pop3 B. SMTP C.TCP D. HTTP2. 哪些是WORD段落相关操作：A.缩进 B.替换 C.间距 D.经验分享版3个人本来是不想回忆这些题目的 可是看到坛子里很多童鞋都在回忆 就来凑个热闹第一攒个RP 第二为明年考中行的童鞋们给个方向 第三 也是最重要的一点 大家可以到这里来交流下正确答案 以预测自己的分数 做好下一步的打算 特别是有把握的牛

31、人一定要告知权威答案哦好吧 开始回忆中行的BT之旅2012银行校园招聘考试复习资料 更多资料可加QQ： 淘宝店：/英语：第一部分是选词填空，我自己的答案有Trust,barely,tide,hardly,barren,retriage.没什么好说的 词汇量不是一天两天突击就可以积累的事但是如果非要突击 可以以容易混淆的名词和形容词及副词为复习重点第二部分是挑出错的部分。一句话里有ABCD四个地方，挑出错的即可 不用改正第三部分是完型填空。15个题。说的都是坐飞机有时差以及研究方法避免。第一个我记得是LOST与CHANGE中的一个。这是完形填空的原文Wh

32、en travelers pass from one time zone to another, they suffer from disrupted circadian rhythms, an uncomfortable feeling known as jet lag. For instance, if you travel from California to New York, you lose 3 hours according to your bodys clock. You will feel tired when the alarm rings at 8 a.m. the ne

33、xt morning because, according to your bodys clock, it is still 5 a.m. It usually takes several days for your bodys cycles to adjust to the new time. To reduce the effects of jet lag, some doctors try to manipulate the biological clock with a technique called light therapy. They expose people to spec

34、ial lights, many times brighter than ordinary household light, for several hours near the time the subjects want to wake up. This helps them reset their biological clocks and adjust to a new time zone.Symptoms much like jet lag are common in people who work nights or who perform shift work. Because

35、these peoples work schedules are at odds with powerful sleep-regulating cues like sunlight, they often become uncontrollably drowsy during work, and they may suffer insomnia or other problems when they try to sleep. Shift workers have an increased risk of heart problems, digestive disturbances, and

36、emotional and mental problems, all of which may be related to their sleeping problems. The number and severity of workplace accidents also tend to increase during the night shift. Major industrial accidents attributed partly to errors made by fatigued night-shift workers include the Exxon Valdez oil

37、 spill and the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear power plant accidents. One study also found that medical interns working on the night shift are twice as likely as others to misinterpret hospital test records, which could endanger their patients. It may be possible to reduce shift-related fati

38、gue by using bright lig hts in the workplace, minimizing shift changes, and taking scheduled naps.Many people with total blindness experience life-long sleeping problems because their retinas are unable to detect light. These people have a kind of permanent jet lag and periodic insomnia because thei

39、r circadian rhythms follow their innate cycle rather than a 24-hour one. Daily supplements of melatonin may improve night-time sleep for such patients. However, since the high doses of melatonin found in most supplements can build up in the body, long-term use of this substance may create new proble

40、ms. Because the potential side effects of melatonin supplements are still largely unknown, most experts discourage melatonin use by the general public.第四部分是阅读理解。一篇是谈某人的音乐成就。一篇是烟的含量。一篇是生物燃料的。还有一篇是食品中毒来着 第五部分是阅读排列。说的是人的教育与生活之类。貌似是08或09年考研真题的阅读题。以后的童鞋英语复习可以此为方向。这是排序原题的帖子Therelationship between formal e

41、ducationand economic growth in poorcountries is widely misunderstood by economists andpoliticians alikeprogress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for thesocial, politicaland intellectual development of these and all othersocieties; however,the conventional view that education should be one of th

42、every highestpriorities for promoting rapid economic development in poorcountries iswrong. ?We are fortunate that is it, because new educationalsystems there andputting enough people through them to improve economicperformance wouldrequire two or three generations. The findings of a researchinstitut

43、ionhave consistently shown that workers in all countries can betrained onthe job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as aresult,radically higher standards of living.?Ironically,the first evidence forthis idea appeared in the United?States. Notlong ago, with the countryentering a recessing an

44、d Japanat itspre-bubble peak. The U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated andone of primary cause of the poor U.S. economicperformance. Japanwas,and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity.Yetthe research revealed that the U.S.factories of Honda Nissan, andToyota achieved

45、about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanesecountere pants a resultof the training that U.S.workers received on thejob.Morerecently, while examing housingconstruction, the researchers discoveredthat illiterate, non-English- speakingMexican workers in Houston,Texas, consistently metbest-pra

46、ctice labor productivity standardsdespite the complexity of thebuilding industrys work.Whatis thereal relationship between education and economic development? Wehave tosuspect that continuing economic growth promotes the developmentof educationeven when governments dont force it. After all, thats ho

47、weducation gotstarted. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers10,000 years ago, theydidnt have time to wonder much about anythingbesides finding food. Only whenhumanity began to get its food in a moreproductive way was there time forother things.Aseducationimproved, humanitys productivity pote

48、ntial, they could inturn afford moreeducation. This increasingly high level of education isprobably a necessary,but not a sufficient, condition for the complexpolitical systems required byadvanced economic performance. Thus poorcountries might not be able to escapetheir poverty traps withoutpolitica

49、l changes that may be possible only withbroader formaleducation. Alack of formal education, however, doesntconstrain the ability of thedeveloping worlds workforce to substantiallyimprove productivity forthe forested future. On the contrary, constraints onimprovingproductivity explain why education i

50、snt developing more quicklytherethan it is.第六部分是七句选五句这个偶没做 就不荼毒大家了第七部分是快速阅读常识吧。第一块是老外去中国餐厅。第二块是圣诞节。毕竟昨天是圣诞嘛。这是英语阅读理解爵士乐那篇的题目及答案详解：Proponents of different jazz styles have always argued that their predecessors musical style did not include essential characteristics that define jazz as jazz. Thus, 194

51、0s swing was belittled by beboppers of the 1950s who were themselves attacked by free jazzes of the 1960s. The neoboppers of the 1980s and 1990s attacked almost everybody else. The titanic figure of Black saxophonist John Coltrane has complicated the arguments made by proponents of styles from bebop

52、 through neobop because in his own musical journey he drew from all those styles. His influence on all types of jazz was immeasurable. At the height of his popularity, Coltrane largely abandoned playing bebop, the style that had brought him fame, to explore the outer reaches of jazz. Coltrane himsel

53、f probably believed that the only essential characteristic of jazz was improvisation, the one constant in his journey from bebop to open-ended improvisations on modal, Indian, and African melodies. On the other hand, this dogged student and prodigious technician who insisted on spending hours each d

54、ay practicing scales from theory books was never able to jettison completely the influence of bebop, with its fast and elaborate chains of notes and ornaments on melody. Two stylistic characteristics shaped the way Coltrane played the tenor saxophone: he favored playing fast runs of notes built on a

55、 melody and depended on heavy, regularly accented beats. The first led Coltrane to sheets of sound” where he raced faster and faster, pile-driving notes into each other to suggest stacked harmonies. The second meant that his sense of rhythm was almost as close to rock as to bebop. Three recordings i

56、llustrate Coltranes energizing explorations. Recording Kind of Blue with Miles Davis, Coltrane found himself outside bop, exploring modal melodies. Here he played surging, lengthy solos built largely around repeated motifs an organizing principle unlike that of free jazz saxophone player Ornette Col

57、eman, who modulated or altered melodies in his solos. On Giant Steps, Coltrane debuted as leader, introducing his own compositions. Here the sheets of sound, downbeat accents, repetitions, and great speed are part of each solo, and the variety of the shapes of his phrases is unique. Coltranes search

58、ing explorations produced solid achievement. My Favorite Things was another kind of watershed. Here Coltrane played the soprano saxophone, an instrument seldom used by jazz musicians. Musically, the results were astounding. With the sopranos piping sound, ideas that had sounded dark and brooding acquired a feeling of giddy fantasy.