新编大学英语5知识要点new

1、新视野大学英语 读写教程5 复习整理Unit 1Section AVocabulary1.They felt that the aggressive behavior and attention-seeking which are more prevalent among males should not be reinforced by teacher responses. 2.The ideology of enterprise culture has finally permeated the remaining institutions of British cultural life

2、.3. He warned that authorities would not hesitate to take decisive action against any groups or individuals that contemplated a disturbance of the peace. 4. Truly, there is no such thing as a “free lunch”; every decision has its owninherent problems.5. It was in the middle of the busiest city in Eur

3、ope, with noise, exhaust fumes andliterally thousands of bodies all within yards. 6. Having children so early in their marriage was a mixed blessing.7. Politically they tend to be unstable, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy. 8. Two contrasting colors such

4、as blue and yellow can look effective when freely mingled , each intensifying the impact of the other.9. The period of the flood and directly afterwards had become completelydistorted in her mind. 10. Colleagues and pupils thought of him as formidable; a few found him frightening; a few found him af

5、fable. 11. The scheme is being widely debated on television because it sets aprecedent for other companies. 12. From July, all organically produced food must becertified under EC regulations.Phrases and expressions1. hunt down 2. absorbed into 3. have access to 4. with the exception of5. For that ma

6、tter6. In the absence of 7.with respect to 8. is tailored to9. be restricted to 10. call for 11. in large meas12. ranged fromTranslation1.在一个充斥着错误信息的世界，让学生学会识别真的、美的、好的信息是一个巨大的挑战。In a world full of misinformation it is a formidable challenge for the students to learn to identify the true, the beautif

7、ul, and the good.2.任何形式的登山运动都有其内在的危险性，毕竟它是一项冒险运动。Any form of mountaineering has its inherent danger. After all, it is an adventure sport.3.那所大学将在一定程度上允许针对个人的授课，学生会得到符合自身需要的、适合自己学习方法和进度的课程设置。The university will permit a degree of individual instruction and the students may receive a curriculum tailor

8、ed to their needs, learning style and pace.4.据说对学习过程的基因基础的理解能告诉我们哪些青年学子可能更快取得进步，哪些注定要有“艰难的”求学历程。It is said that the understanding of the genetic basis of learning will teach us which youngsters are likely to advance quickly and which ones seem doomed to “difficult” school experiences.5.据报导，在加拿大几乎有数以

9、千计的江、湖不能维持鱼和植物的生长。It has been reported that in Canada literally thousands of lakes and rivers are no longer able to support fish or plants.6.在文化普及率相对高的国家中，书籍对丰富人们的生活起着重要作用。In countries with relatively high literacy rates, books play an important part in enriching peoples lives.7.政府干预的实质向来都是限制和歪曲竞争，而

10、不是鼓励竞争。The essence of government intervention has been to limit and distort competition rather than to encourage it.8.中国人民所从事的伟大改革事业是史无前例的。The great cause of reform being carried out by Chinese people is without precedent in history.9.模拟考试训练不得推迟到临近正式考试时进行。Practice in simulated examination conditions

11、 must not be delayed until close to the examination time.10.人们发现，在那个森林里狮子和狼常常协作搜寻活食。People have found that the lions and wolves in the forest often hunt down live animals by cooperative efforts.Section BVocabulary1. Many people who use drugs regularly find it difficult to exist in a drug-free world.

12、 They can become crippled _ psychologically and hooked physically.2. The waters of the worlds oceans are tugged _ outwards by the gravitational pull of the moon: a hill of water form in the middle of the ocean when the moon is appropriately positioned above it.3. As the twentieth century progressed

13、the debate limped_ on, but it was not until the early 1960s that the tunnel became a serious prospect again.4. This statement affirms_ that the service is there to meet the needs of the public as a whole and therefore the minority interests have to be catered for as well.5. Eating regular nourishing

14、_ meals is important to keep you fit and well.6. By the middle of the fourth century, Christianity had gone a long way towards assimilating_ the dominant culture of pagan Romans.7. The college should have as its prime concern the nurture _ of ethics and integrity; they are the core of any profession

15、.8. All these shares should be bought and tucked _ away when interest rates ease.9. After a night of drizzle, the city murmurs _ as though sound, like the dust, has been cleared from the air by the rain.10. She was most indignant _ with me when I suggested she might know better.11. Dwarfed by the st

16、orm and bent almost double, Mariana staggered _ into the wind and rain.12. Emily had lowered her voice again, until it was almost pleading _.Unit 2Section AVocabulary1.Such questions should be approached honestly and in full awareness thatterminatingloan agreements will cost money due to cancellatio

17、n or other charges.2.The word “jeans” originatesfrom the place name Genoa, where sailors form the port hit on the idea of making trousers from the sturdy sailcloth. 3.Dont be temptedto buy mechanical items from overseas, unless you are absolutely sure that the power requirements are available here.

18、4.In the 1970s, Australian jazz experienced the same calamitous slump thatafflictedthe music generally. 5. They maintain an optimumbody temperature by alternately moving from a hot spot to a cooler one and back again throughout the day.6. The economies of the two countries have grown so interdepende

19、nt over the past decade that neither could easily contemplate a rupture.7.Although there is much to support this view, it is now realized that it can only be adheredto with some reservations, as we shall see.8. There is no black South African family more rebellious, and more persistentin their polit

20、ical opposition to apartheid than these young people. 9.The Labor Party took the first step yesterday towards diminishingthe power of the trade unions in its policy-making procedures. 10. These writers criticized the industry for being a second-rate imitation of Hollywood, but that was because they

21、despisedAmerican cinema. 11.The new technique for making this kind of food isof course patentedand the trademark “Hot-Dog” is being sought. 12. They tried to manipulatethe media to theiradvantage by the selective release of carefullytimed and adjusted information. Phrases and expressions1. searching

22、 for 2. ended up 3. in the hope of 4. looked forward to5. ho1d on to 6. in time 7. well off 8. Conditions9.involved in 10. to such an extent 11. originated in 12. adhered toTranslation1. 在那场战斗中，由于食物严重短缺，许多士兵死于饥渴。During the battle a large number of men perished from hunger and thirst due to the sever

23、e shortage of food. 2. 本项研究进一步证实礼花起源于中国。This research project has further proved that fireworks have originated in China.3. 他很想亲自到那里查看一下事故到底是怎么发生的。He is tempted to go there in person and check out how the accident happened. 4.目前人类还没有找到有效的办法治疗这种疾病，它仍然在折磨着老年人。At present, people have not found an effec

24、tive way to cure this disease, which is still afflicting old people. 5. 承包商必须遵守合同，按时完成这项重要的工程。The contractor must adhere to the contract and complete the important project on time. 6. 通过坚持不懈的努力，他们最终调解了这两个地区之间的争端。With persisted efforts, they finally settled the dispute between the two regions. 7. 如果乙

25、方不能够在规定的时间内交货的话，甲方有权解除合同，并索赔损失。If Party B fails in delivering goods at a given time, Party A is entitled to terminate the contract and claim for any loss. 8. 获得发明专利权通常需要一周时间。It usually takes a week to patent ones invention.Section BVocabulary1. Some practical scientists believe that in windy areas w

26、indmills are on thethreshold _ of being reintroduced and used to produce power.2. Attempts to rescue and re-evaluate them are apt _ to be less rewarding than making a fresh start.3. You should think about this when you preview _ documentary material and be aware of the effect the visual element may

27、have on your students.4. The committee members came to a conclusion that the plan for the huge dam construction was premature _ and could not be passed at that time.5. Finally, in 1988 the old system was abolished _ in England and Wales and a community charge system was introduced to take effect in

28、1990.6. The doctor Injected_ a sleeping drug into my grandfathers arm.7. Hospitals have to follow rigorous _ procedures to prevent such errors, which might cause medical problems. 8. It was the prospect of finding gold that induced _ these excited men to make such frantic efforts to open out the bar

29、row.9. The government brought under control the epidemic _ of cholera, from which many people were suffering a great deal for many years.10. The following day Iran wrote to the United Nations underlining its respect for Iraqs sovereignty and territorial integrity _.11. Her doctor warned her that exc

30、essive grief and excessive drinking would cause abortion _.12. They made a realistic appraisal _ of the difficulties with which they would be faced for the dam construction.Unit 3Section AVocabulary1. Indeed he was apt to develop violent prejudices against certain men and women in public life with w

31、hom he was not personally acquainted. 2. A moment later the sounds of the storm were magnifiedsuddenly in the hut as the door flew open.3. The quotaof foreigners allowed into the island country has been reduced.4. Despite the economic slump, private sponsors committed $20 million to complete the hug

32、e building.5. They thought that previous Conservative governments had been too tolerant about high taxation and public spending, and too accommodating to other countries, particularly in Europe. 6. His head collidedwith a table on the way down.7. Give it a proper share of your attention and it will

33、certainly repayyou. 8. The energy bill is bound to be heavily amendedin Congress for it is out of date now.9. This is a basic social contract, wherebycitizens enjoy certain rightsincluding health care, decent education and housing and a job. 10. She wants to be more than just a singer and is plannin

34、g tolaunch a company of her own.11.The TV series, filmedfrom a novel with the same title, became an overnight favorite among the audience across the country.12. Faced with a persistent excess of expenditureover income, the school has decided to cut down the student number.Phrases and expressions1. a

35、s such 2. fail under 3. enlightened about4. applicable to 5. in conjunction with 6. become acquainted with7. is supplementary to 8. bring in 9. in search of10. given away 11. in nature 12. put upTranslation1. 像所说明的一样，这一事件在我们大部分人中引起了好奇和惊惧。As such, the event evoked curiosity and awe in most of us.2. 促

36、销手段要取得良好效果，必须得到消费者和中间商的信任，同时，必须符合当地消费者的喜好和习俗。The techniques of sales promotion, to work well, must gain the trust of middlemen in business as well as consumers. At the same time, they should be consistent with the local preferences and customs.3. 为了使这一新产品打入欧洲市场，该公司发放了一万个样品供当地消费者免费试用。To launch this n

37、ew product into the European market, the company gave away 10,000 free samples for the local consumers to try.4. 随着生活水平的提高，节假日出门旅游已成为相当一部分人的时尚休闲方式。As their life has been bettered, going on tours/trips out in the holidays has become a fashionable/ stylish pastime for quite a few people.5. 发动这场战争实际上是为

38、了控制这一地区的石油资源。The purpose of waging the war is, in nature, to control the oil resources in the area.6. 某一产品首次进入一个市场时，促销活动可以有效地帮助消费者了解这种产品。Sales promotion is effective in helping the consumers become acquainted with a new product when it is first introduced to a market7. 新一届政府认识到，进一步推进经济体制改革的同时，必须采取有效

39、措施为贫困人口提供就业和生活的基本条件。The new administration has realized that economic reforms must be deepened in conjunction with effective measures taken to ensure the basic conditions of employment and daily life for those poor people.8. 为了实现本年度的销售目标，公司推出了一个培训课程，旨在帮助消费者了解其最新产品。Towards its sales objective this ye

40、ar, the company offered a training course to enlighten consumers about its latest products.9. 为有效地提高劳动生产率，我们应该吸收国内外先进的管理经验。To effectively raise our productivity, we should bring in advanced management experience from other countries.10. 吴教授的讲座使同学们熟悉了该软件产品的用法，同时对软件开发也有了一定的认识。Professor Wus lecture hel

41、ped the students become acquainted with the use of this software product. It also gave them an idea of software development.Section BVocabulary1.That man smoked at his desk, consoling _ himself with the thought that he still retained one secret advantage over those who thought they had the better of

42、 him. 2.As the anniversary approaches, he seems bewildered _ and uncertain about what to do. 3.The earliest settlers left behind them a remarkable array _ of monuments: standing stones, burial chambers, villages and brochures.4.Everyone is aware of the Sensation _ experienced in a lift as it starts

43、to descend, and in a car when it goes over a humped-back bridge.5.The rent is $80 a week, not Inclusive _ of electricity, phone, and water fees. 6.Theoverwhelming _ majority of these, the best qualified young people in the country, said they wanted a protected life in a big corporation, a home in th

44、e suburbs and a family of two or three children. 7.Modern education has made gigantic _ strides against bitter opposition to reform the system, to raise standards, to monitor the results and to draw industry closer to the academic and the educational world.8.In many rural areas in this country the t

45、ree was deemed _ sacred and thus is widely planted in churchyards.9.I could not see well, my eyes had been dazzled _, after the darkness, by the strong electric light.10.This latest accident is a Graphic _ illustration of the disaster thats waiting to happen out there.11.There is no consensus _ abou

46、t what education should be, what it is for, either in schools or in other places.12.Many had difficulty in differentiating _ between “Why do you have the farm?” and “What are you expecting to get from the farm?”. Unit 4Section AVocabulary1.He prided himself on being a very well esteemed member of th

47、e British community, highly respected by his peers.2.She felt stunned, as if what he had done to her had somehow paralyzed not only her limbs but her senses too.3.her bad temper was notorious, and she was often depicted with a beard and a bow and arrow, testifying to her warlike character.4.It is ab

48、surd to suppose that every power which is conferred on the political head of a department must be exercised by him and him alone. 5. His friends no longer had a(n) aspiration for further education, because they thought its opportunity costs were too high. 6. He acknowledged that in the majority of b

49、usinesses the moral standards had been diluted very significantly.7. Maslow hypothesized a hierarchy of needs, whereby the satisfaction of a lower need will result in its being replaced by a higher need.8.People are amazed at the change in her image, but they should realize that, first and foremost,

50、 she is a caring woman.9. They asserted quite clearly that permitting divorce would certainly affect the stability of all Irish marriages because it rendered every Irish marriage dissoluble. 10.It is said that the partys ignorant and arrogant behavior over the years towards reserved and moderate cri

51、ticism provoked the crisis.11.The report is only one of those showing the generally dreadfulstate of the countrys housing and employment. 12.Industry would be unwilling to invest further in recycling until it became profitable, he said.Phrases and expressions1. wind up 2. merge with 3. dying off 4.

52、laid off5. closed down 6. degenerated into 7. in effect 8. apart from9. irrespective of 10. prone to11. takes a certain amount of peoples interest out of 12.kicked aroundTranslation1. 生活贫困的人往往体会不到劳动本身对于人们获得和维护其尊严所起的作用。Those who lead a miserable life often fail to recognize the inherent virtue of wor

53、k in earning and sustaining their dignity.2. 随着生活的改善和教育水平的提高，职业道德的观念遭到了削弱。With the life bettered and levels of education higher, the work ethic is diluted now.3. 年轻的一代很难理解他们的先辈们为何要将干活作为维持生计之首要因素。The young generation has much difficulty understanding why their ancestors had to focus their minds upon

54、work as the central concern of existence.4. 马斯洛认为，不同阶层、不同族群对劳动所要满足的需求也各不相同。According to Maslow, different classes and ethnic groups are positioned at different stages in the work hierarchy.5. 发展中国家许多才华横溢的年轻知识分子纷纷涌向美国，形成所谓的“人才外流”。In developing countries, many talented young intellectuals flock in dro

55、ves to America, which forms the so-called “brain drain”.6. 如果一个国家易受高通货膨胀的影响，其货币就得贬值，以保持出口产品在价格上的竞争力。If a country is prone to high inflation, then its currency will have to be devalued to maintain the price competitiveness of its exports.7. 一位社会学家认为，劳动是人们建立相互关系的手段。从这个意义上说，劳动场所发挥着社区的作用。One expert in s

56、ociology believes that work is a means for people to build relationships. In that sense, the workplace performs the function of a community.8. “实现自我”的愿望是一种于人无损甚至值得尊敬的上进心，但有时也会蜕变成自私的不满。The desire to “fulfill themselves”, a harmless and even worthy enterprise, may sometimes degenerate into a selfish d

57、iscontent.9. 当今，对多数美国人而言，下岗的打击，很少像以前那样带有生死攸关的含义。To most Americans today, the blow of being laid off seldom carries the life-and-death implications it once had.10. 现代工人仍有许多不满，但如果他们知道工业革命初期工人的工作条件要残酷得多，也许感觉会好一些。Modern workers may have a lot of complaints. But they will feel better when they know that their prede