高中英语完形填空重要考点归纳

1、高考英语完形填空考点归纳完形填空考点归纳以下是对近十多年来高考完形填空难度变化的一点体会：高考考试说明对完形填空题型有以下规定：考生必须通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合运用所学的词汇和语法等知识，选择最佳答案。我认为难度变化总地来说，有以下两个特点：一、单纯的语法知识、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化。下面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下：1、night/evening night指the time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.2、know/learn/

2、notice know知道；熟悉 learn 听说；认识到；了解 notice 注意到3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noisesound 泛指各种声音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音4、take place 预料中的发生；happen意料外的发生 ；occur 两者兼有What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervousanxious 渴望的（eager）;担心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的 nervous 神经紧张的6、ad

3、mire/enjoyadmire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴7、fun/joke/trick fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑；a practical jokea trick恶作剧；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。8、wonder/imagine/notice/examinewonder想知道 ；imagine想象； notice 注意到； examine 考查9、way/means/methodmeans常用作单方法；手段，工具; a

4、means to an end达到目的方法；method方法、办法，与way 可以替换使用。10、path/road/waypath 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tipidea 主意；意见 opinion 意见；见解suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫，提示；劝告12、examine/check/search examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况；check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正常；search搜查13、us

5、ual/spare修饰 usual惯常的，平常的 spare空闲的（free）14、instead/however都作副词时，instead而是含有某种对比，however可是仍然含有转折让步的意思。15、lost/missing/gone都可表示丢失不见了lost可作定语；用被动语态；missing和gone一般作表语16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下17、admire/inspire/supportadmire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持18、courage/spirit/strengthcourage勇气 spirit 精神 streng

6、th力气19、journey/travel/tripjourney长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip 20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normalcommon 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的 usual 平常的；惯常的（as usual）average平均的；普通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通产品）regular 固定的；有规律的（the regular people生活有规律的人）normal 正常的（return to normal

7、恢复正常）21、develop/becomedevelop vt.养成；形成（form） become 变成（grow, turn, get等）连系动词22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱24、walk/step/marchwalk走、步行 step 跨，踏 march（齐步）前进、行进、行军、游行25、out of step 步调不一致 out of order 不整齐，出故障26、out of sight, out of mind（谚语）眼不见，心不想27、suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦

8、 difficulty困难 danger危险28、remain/lastremain 保持，仍然 系动词 last 延续，持续29、disturb/bother/trouble/interruptbother ones head（或brains）about 为费脑筋what troubles me most is 使我极不安的是disturb 打扰，扰乱，妨碍 interrupt 打断，打扰Dont bother to care about others matter.不要费心去管别人的事。30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的31、exercis

9、e 锻炼；练习 practice练习训练（业余的）training训练（专业性强）理解高考完形填空难度变化总结（2）二、灵活的词汇意义以及上下文乃至全篇文章内容的理解等更加强化。下面仅以一些常用词在具体的上下文语境中的词义变化为例：1、opposite the window2、sit still（still a.静止的，静寂的adv. 静止地）the still smoking pistol3、over ones shoulder4、send children to bed（打发）孩子们上床睡觉5、have（play, act）a part 参与；起作用6、miss ones part mis

10、s a step （miss v.错过;失去）7、The medicine didnt work （work v.（使）工作;（使）运转;起作用）8、make（the）tea 沏茶，泡茶9、go to ones place（固定或指定的）位置，座位，席位10、None of your excuse! Dont give me your excuse!11、speak for oneselfin ones personal opinion12、pick up sb 接某人；give sb. a lift用车接某人13、look out for 注意14、be meant forbe intend

11、ed for 打算使成为15、papers 报纸；试卷；论文；文件；契约；借据等16、stand n.货摊 vt.容忍，忍受（bearput up with）17、button（扣住）ones coatdo up（束起，收拾齐整，包好）the buttons of ones coat18、get a very good idea ofbe familiar with19、call upremind sb. of20、share many experiencehave many experience in common21、in this respect（way）22、introduce sb.

12、 to sth. 把某事介绍给某人23、explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事24、help oneself to 擅自带走；自用25、It wont hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处。26、pick up（1）He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.（跌倒后）使（自己）爬起。（2）pick up a wallet 拾起、捡起（3）pick up some knowledge of physics（偶然地，无意地）获得（收益、生计、知识、消息）等（4）pick u

13、p a foreign language（未经听课等）学会外语（5）pick up a girl（非经正式介绍）随便地结识（常指异性）（6）pick up the programme（依靠探照灯、雷达等）测知看到（在无线电里）听到（7）pick up passengers（goods）（车辆等）中途搭（人）中途带（货）（8）pick up ones courage （恢复精神；恢复健康）He is beginning to pick up. （9）The train picked up speed. 加速 （10）pick up a room 收拾，整理（11）pick up a crimin

14、al 逮住（罪犯）（12）pick up the subject 重提（话题）总之，做完形填空题，了其大意，先易后难，瞻前顾后，通过直接暗示、间接暗示，前、后暗示，层次、段落暗示，逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然，更重要的是扩大阅读面，增加阅读量，积累语言经验，培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读，对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。【典型例题】分析高考题：文章的题目Surfing：Its Not Just for Boys Anymore明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。Surfing: I

15、ts Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing（冲浪运动）. But isnt that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five

16、years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my _6_, theres nothing like it. It involves（牵涉到）body, _7_, and soul. Theres sand between

17、my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I get when Im surfing across that _9_, becoming one with the_10_, is like Im weightless.1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe3. A. stayedB. came C. dropped D. fell4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat5

18、. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time8. A. along B. above C. around D. by9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean解题分析：1. B前后照应逻辑推理词义比较:如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉（tell），给予（give），意识到（re

19、alize），而是回答（answer）你询问的问题。2. A常识运用逻辑推理词义比较:先看语境：前一句的意思是但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?（意思是：这是男孩子的事情。）；后一句的意思是大多数人当然不，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人（不太多）对此问题（前一句）不理解（understand），不相信（believe），不能作出回答（reply），而纳闷、惊奇（wonder），持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动是男孩子的事情。3. D固定搭配：fallbe in love with爱上，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。4. A常识运用：因为文章是在谈论冲浪

20、运动，冲上第一个浪（wave）去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨（storm）、航海（sail）或船（boat）。5. C固定搭配词义比较：作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较（compare）。connect with连接，联络，将连起来；compare with与比较；tie up with和联系一起；bring带来，引起，通常不与with连用。6. D逻辑推理常识运用：作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活（life）的组成部分，她不仅仅只是在假期（holiday）里冲浪，当然工作（work）和学习（study）也不能耽误。in my life是在我的生活中。7. A常识运用词义比较：冲浪运动涉及

21、到身体，智力、智慧（mind）和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。8. C常识运用逻辑推理：在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线（along），上面（above），旁边（by），而且身体的四周（around）都是凉爽的咸水。9. B常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩（beach），有可能是在湖（lake）里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板（board）在水（water）面上进行。10. D常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋（ocean）融为一体的感觉。【模拟试题】 The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not

22、any other sport is endless challenge（挑战）. You can never be the best suffer because the ocean _2_ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活跃有力的）and _3_. All of these thin

23、gs attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport. Ive _5_ to tell every girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new _6_, so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men us

24、ed to dominate（主宰）? Therere women _8_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will.1. A. take B. get C. make D. keep2. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects3.

25、 A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm4. A. known B. right C. far D. different5. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised6. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts7. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting8. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working9. A. of B. from C. on D. with10. A. think B.

26、succeed C. perform D. feel 参考答案1. B：作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得（get）了无止境的挑战的体会。再则，前文The feeling I get when Im surfing across that water，becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。take from减少，降低；get from从得到；make from由制造； keep from阻止，隐瞒，抑制。2. C你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、提供（offer）的是任何人都控制不了的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch抓住，捕获；include包括，

27、包含；offer提供；collect收集，聚集。3. A有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing之间词义的顺承和协调自由而流畅，后句的aggressive and_3_也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A，sharp可以表示精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。4. D所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于（different）其他运动。注意此段第一句The one thing I can get from surfing and not any

28、other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。（be）different from和不同。（be）far from远离，远非；known和right通常不与from搭配。 5. B我尽力（try）地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose选择、挑选；try试图、努力；learn学习；promise答应、许诺。6. A朝着新的水平（level）不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level水平，水准，标准，级别；point 点，尖端；step步调，步伐，步骤，措施；part 部分，局部。7. C所以女孩子们难道不应当拾级而上，开始冲破（push）

29、男人们过去主宰的事物的极限吗？reach到达，伸出；accept 接受，认可；push突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。8. D在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐（sit），步行（walk），战斗（fight），而且并肩工作（work）着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。9. C所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on表示在供职、（是）的成员，on the football team的意思是是/成为足球队队员。10. B给女孩子一个获得成功（succeed）的机会，让她们思考（think），感觉（feel）表演（perform），她

30、们就都会有所成就。高中英语重要知识点 a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。Im quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时，应加of .A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)He is an able man.那人本事不小。en

31、able(v)使能We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。disable:有残疾的，不能干的；the disabled表示一类人（残疾人）able作词辍时可以的，值得的（有被动含义）eatable可食用的，measurable可以测量、估计的；readable可读的其他含义：conformable舒适的、安逸的；suitable 合适的，恰当的above,over,on三个词都可以表示“在上“，但用法不同。On表示与某物体表面接触；over表示在某物体垂直的上方，含“布满、覆盖、

32、跨越”之意，与under 相对；above表示位置高于，但不一定垂直，与below相对。注意：与数字、数量、长度词连用时，多用over,同more than。如：over10,000people一万多人；表示年龄、刻度多用above，如a man above fifty五十开外的人；above zero零度以上。习惯用语：well above average远在一般以上；above sea-level海拔以上；the one above上面的一个；above all首先，尤其重要的是；over there 那边； all over 遍及；over again 再一遍；over and over

33、再三地应用介词填空There lay an umbrella_the table and some raincoats _it.The mother held an umbrella_the boys head so that the sun wouldnt burn him. There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying_the city.The moon was_the trees in the east.Key:on,under over over aboveabove all 首先，特别是，最重要的是after all 到底，

34、毕竟at all (用来加强语气)与not连用，表示“一点也不，完全不”。in all 总共all but 几乎，差点没（=almost,nearly）We have all but finished the work.The day turned out fine after all.Children need many things ,but above all they need love.He wasnt at all tired.Do you feel ill at all(真的，确实)？There were twenty in all at the party.accident/e

35、vent/ incidentevent一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故，特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说，显得不很重要，指“小事件”，它还可以用来表示“事变”，如叛乱、爆炸等。如：The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.广播员正在播报时事新闻。He was badly injured in the traffic accident.在那起交通事故中，他严重受伤。There was an incident on the bus: a man fought

36、with the conductor.那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事，有个人和售票员打了起来。Have you heard of Xian Incident?你听说过“西安事变”吗？admit vt.接纳，许可进入（allow sb./sth.to enter）He was admitted to the school this year.Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year.承认，后可接名词，doing、从句或复合结构。I admit my fault.She admitted having r

37、ead the letter.He admitted that his comprehension was weak.You must admit the task to be difficult.advice建议；劝告。是不可数名词，“一条建议”应用a piece of advice。常用结构。give sb.advice(on)/give advice给某人提（关于的）建议；忠告某人。ask(sb.)for advice征求（某人的）意见。Marx gave us some good advice on how to learn a foreign language.关于如何学好外语，马克

38、思给我们提了些好建议。If you take /follow my advice,youll pass the exam.如果你听从我的建议，你会考试及格的。Lets ask our teacher for some advice.咱们征求一下老师的意见吧。admire（= respect / praise）vt.羡慕，钦佩，夸奖 admire sb.（for sth.）佩服某人某事 Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum. 去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。 I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧

39、。 别忘了夸奖孩子。 对比：envy（= jealous）vt.嫉妨，羡慕 envy sb.（sth.）嫉妒/羡慕某人某事 We all envy you your good future. 我们都很羡慕你的好运。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事（suggest不这样用）。I advise you to take the chance.我建议你抓住机会。What do you advise me to do?你建议我怎么办？I advise you not to lose heart; just keep on.我劝你不要灰心，继续干。advise 还可同suggest

40、一样，后接名词、代词、动名词（短语）和that从句（用虚拟语气）作宾语。What would you advise?你有什么建议吗？I advise you an early start我建议你早点出发。I advise holding a metting to discuss the problem.我建议召开一次会议来讨论这个问题。I advise you (should) go to once.我建议你马上去。advise ，persuade persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，强调劝说成功，说服；advise sb. to do sth. 意为“劝说某

41、人做某事”，不涉及劝说是否有效，相当于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。如：The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.医生说服我爸爸戒了烟。The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed.医生劝我爸爸戒烟，但没成功。advise; suggestadvise 与suggest 都可作“建议”讲，二者用法有同有异。(1)相同点表示建议做某事，advise与suggest都可采用下列三种句型: + 名词 + 动名词 + that从句（从句中常

42、用should加动词原形，should可以省略。）eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.(注：只要是用从句表示建议该做的事，从句中就可用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。)上面的第三句可转化为：It was suggested that we (should) start early.What he suggested was that we(sho

43、uld) start early.His suggestion was that we (should) start early.(2)不同点advise后可以跟人称代词作宾语，而suggest后不可以跟人称代词作宾语。故可以说：advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that.前三种结构中不可将advise改为suggest，如：他建议我们去参观博物馆。正He advised us to go to visit the museum.误H

44、e suggested us to go to visit the museum.误He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.suggest还有“暗示、表明、说、指出（一个事实）”的意思。此时从句中用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。如：The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陈述了一个事实，故用陈述语气。

45、)比较：Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient beoperated on at once.(句中suggest表示建议该做某事，从句中用should加动词原形，should在从句中省略。)affect（=have an effect on sth.）vt.影响（effect n.影响） This may affect your health. 这或许会影响你的健康。My throat is always affected by bad weather.我的嗓子总是受恶劣天气的影响。afraid1)“be

46、 afraid of+名词”，意为“害怕”。2）“be afraid of doing sth”意为“担心，害怕”。3）“be afraid for”意为“为担心。”4）“be afraid that”意为“担心，恐怕”。5）“be afraid to do ”意为“害怕，担心而不敢做某事”。6）Im afraid so/not.恐怕是这样/恐怕不会这样应用完成句子女孩子一般都怕蛇。Girls are usually_ _snakes.他怕把杯子打碎，因而很小心。He was careful because he was afraid_ _the glass.你不为自己的安全担心吗？Are y

47、ou afraid_your safety?恐怕她会迷路。I am _ _she will lose her way.汤姆把钱丢了，也不敢告诉他母亲。Tom lost the money and was afraid_ _his mother.Key:afraid,of of,breaking for afraid,that to tellagain and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地 The old man thinks of his happy past again and aga

48、in. 这位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。age (1)n.年龄，时代，时期 The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old. 那位老人80岁时去世了。 He is young for his age. 就他的年龄而论，他是年轻的。 What is the age of the church? 这座教堂多少年了？ He was the greatest poet of the age. 他是那个时代最伟大的诗人。 (2)vi./vt. 变老 He is aging fas

49、t. Worry ages a man. 他老得很快。忧虑令人老！ I found him greatly aged. 我发现他老多了。 拓展：（1）adj. aged岁的，年老的 a boy aged ten 一个10岁的男孩 an aged man老人 (2)人生的七期 babyinfantchildyouthmanhoodmiddle ageold age 婴儿/0幼儿7儿童12青年28壮年40中年65老年agree 同意。常用桔构：(1)agree on 对取得一致意见或达成协议,一般表示原双方共同商讨以后达成协议的名词)。主语必须是两者以上。也常用被动语态，表示“（某事）是大家都同意

50、的”。 如：They agreed on the date for the next meeting.对下次会议的日期他们达成了一致意见。At last,the plan was agreed on. 最后，这项计划通过了。I dont agree with you to this arrangement, but perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.我不赞同你在这件事的安排，但或许在协商之后我们可以就这个工程达成共识。(2)agree to 同意；赞成。to 为介词，后接表示“建议；办法；计划”等名词。Do yo

51、u agree to my plan?你同意我的计划吗？The headmaster has agreed to our suggestion for the holiday.校长同意了我们度假的建议。(3)agree with同意；赞成。后接sb. 或what 从句。I agree with you ,but I dont agree with what he said.我同意你的意见，但我不同意他所说的。另外，agree with还有“与相适应/相一致”的意思。The climate here doesnt agree with me .我不适应这里的气候。(4)agree to do s

52、th.同意、答应做某事。Do you agree to go with us if we agree to lend you some money?如果我们答应借钱给你，你同意和我们一起去吗？ahead短语归纳go ahead朝前走，请便（同意对方继续干或同意对方的请求）；go ahead (on)with 继续；ahead of在前面，早于，优先；ahead of time提前应用完成句子他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。He _ _ to see what had happened.我可以坐这个座位吗？请坐吧。May I take this seat?_ _.汤姆的数学比玛丽好。Tom is

53、_ _ Mary in maths.她比我早到2个小时。She arrived two hours _ _me.他们已提前三周完成了设计。They have completed the design _ _ _ _time.Key:went,ahead Go,ahead/ ahead,ofthree,weeks,ahead,ofalive,living,live,lively,lovely区别1)lovely意“可爱的”，“美好的”如：a lovely day 美好的一天 a lovely girl 可爱的女孩2)alive 意为“活着的、有活力的”,是表语形容词，可修饰人、物；在句中做表语宾

54、补和或后置定词，不能用作前置定语。如He was alive when he was taken to the hospital.他被送往医院时还活着。Although he is old, he is still very much alive.虽然年老了，但他仍十分活跃。The fish is still alive/living.那条鱼还活着。Keep him alive, please.请让他活下去吧。He is the only man alive in the accident.他是事故中惟一活着的人。After the war , he remained alive .战后他还活

55、着。Those alive will gather here. 活着的人将在此相聚。3)living 意为“活着的、有生命的”，主要用于作前置定语及冠词the 之后表示一类人，也可用作表语，可修饰人或物。如：a living plant 活的植物The living will go on with the work of the dead.活着的人将继续死者的工作。all living things所有生物 the living 在世者，活着的人们Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代使用的语言。He is still living at the age of 95.95岁了他还活着。4)live laiv（1）（动、植物）“活的”，“有生命的”，“活生生的，主要用来说鸟或其它动物，作前置定语；如：a live fish一条活鱼 a live tiger 一只活老虎(2)实况的，现场直播的；如：a live report现场报道a live show/broadcast/TV program现场转播的表演/实况广播/现