小学英语-冠词介词代词总结

1、一冠词不定冠词：不定冠词有a和an两个区别Examplea的用诜用于辅音音盍卄头的单词前aaan的甲縫用于元音音嶽开头的单词前an oranee: an hour常考用法：(1) 当第一次提到某人或某物时例：-What is this-it s a new bus stop.(2) 指某人或某物，例: A man is wait ing for you outside.(3) 用在序数词前，例: Tom s son was born in 2000.(4) 用于可视为一体的两个名词前例: a knife and fork(5) 用在某些固定词组中例：a lot (of)许多a few 一些ha

2、ve a colda nu mber ofhave a good timehave a swim=swimhave a look=look;既可用在单数名词定冠词the :既表示“这个”，“那个”，又表示“这些”，“那些” 前，也可用于单数名词前。常考用法：（1）特指某（些）例: The lovely girl is my best friend.（2）表示世界上独一无二的事物例: the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the sky 天空（3 ）在序数词、形容词最高级前例: Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.（4）习惯用法.

3、例: in the morni ng in the after noon in the evening15）定冠词the的其也用法主要用法例句与草数名词连用表示一类事物： 与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人the dollar 美元;the fox 狐理 rhe生者;rhe rich 富人用于表示方向或方位的名词前rhe east 东方:the left 左边用于江河海洋.山棘群岛*海峡海湾的专有名词前the Red Searhe Himalayas用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前rhe Peopled Republic of China the United Stat

4、es用在表示乐器的名词之前Slie can play he piano.用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人die Greens不使用冠词的特殊情况(1)国名，人名前通常不用冠词例：I m from England and my name is Mary.(2 )表示交通工具、例:I usually go to school on foot, but sometimes I go to school by bike.(3) 季节、月份、节日例： We go to school from Mon day to Friday.(4) 在三餐、球类运动例: have breakfastplay che

5、ss玩象棋play basketball不用55词的其他情况:主要用法例句泛指的复数名词They are teAcliers.抽象名诃衷示般擬念Failure i$ the mcrlici of success.祢呼或表不官梦 职住的名词就不加鬼询Rresiient Xi imping ,Proteir Sinit5）岂两个或两个以上名词并用时.常省去冠词I cant wiire wittiout pen or pencil, 没有钢笔或铅霜我就爲不了字，|Exercise 4一、用适当的冠词填空，不需要的地方划讥1.1 often go to travel in otlier places

6、insiuiuner.2. third question ismost difficult one of tlie three.3. map oilwall of tlieir classroom ismap of China.4. She often writes letters illEnglish.Key: L/ 2. The，the 3. The. the, the 4. /二.用适当的冠词填空。1. It was invented ill1990s.2. Simday isfirst day of a week ill |the western countries.3. 1 inGr

7、ade Three istallest in our school.4. Tliere is a blackboard infront of our class.5. In eveniim I often watch TVKeys 1J 1 the3. The,/,the4 J 5. the二介词常考时间介词：(1) at :表示具体的点钟或固定搭配中例: at noon, at night, at 7 o(2) in:表示一段时间以用于表示例: in the twenty(3) on :主要用于在星期几例：on MidonJune 1Exercise1 Some vohinreeis fio

8、m Beijing airived in Sliangliai _ April 29 to work for dis Wbrld Expo.A, onB, atC ofD, to2. Li Lei often go& to school7:10 ill the momiiia.1A, atB. forC. cnD, illi.a healthy boy! He runs _ die moining eeiy morning.A, inB, onCatD, for丄 Spring is the best season in Beijing. It iisiwlly comesMaith.A. o

9、nB inC. toD_ at5. My tincle is coming to E亡ijiiigdie moiniiig of May 15.A* inB onC. atD. toKey： IA 2.A 3.A 4B iB常考地点介词(1)in, on, to ：in 在某一地区之内的某方位to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位 on 表示与某地的毗邻关系 例： Fujian is in the southeast of China.China is to the west of Japan.( 2) at, in, on: at 表示较小的地点in 表示较大的地方on 表示在一个平面上 例： a

10、t the bus stop, at home;in China, in the world; on the farm, on the playground.易混介词辨析(1) in 和 on 的区别： on the tree 表示枝、叶果实等长在树上 ;in the tree 表示人或其他东西在树上 ;on the wall 表示东西粘贴或挂在墙上 ;in the wall 表示门、窗等嵌在墙上 .(2) between 和 among 的区别between 常指“在两者之间”； among 用于指“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间”。 例 : Mary sits between Lucy an

11、d Lily.Miss. Wang stands among her students.across 和 through 的区别 :across含有从表面穿过”之意，表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用 across;through含有从中间穿过”之意。例： He can swim across the river.She had to push her way through the crowd to get her son.Exercise一.单项选择1. He put up a mapthe back wall because there was a holeit.A. oil； oilB. a

12、t; illC. on; illD. oil； atD. fiomD. between2. Tliere are some birds singingthe trees.A. illB. onC. at3. Is there any difierencethese two sentences?A forB. illC. among二.根据句意填岀适当的介词。1. It took iis over an hour to walktliis street.2. Tlie river runsthe city.3. Tlie sunlight comesdie glass.Key: .LC2. A

13、3. D二 1. through 2. through 3. Through三连词：连词是一种虚词，的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词：用来连接具有并列关系的词(1) 表并列关系:and, bothand,(2)(2) 表选择关系：or, eitheror等。除了表示选择关系外，or还有否则”之意。例: Do you like apples or bananasEither you or Jack must come here tomorrow.Hurry up, or you ll be

14、 late for school.(3) 表转折关系：but, yet, while (然而)等。例:The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well.He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn t help us.表因果关系:for,so等。例:I had a fever yesterday, so I didn t want to do anything.He was late, for the traffic is always busy in the morni ng.注：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单

15、独使用ExerciseL We bcuglit Graimy a present,slie didift like it.A. blitB andC. orD* so2. Run cpucklywell miss tlie early train,A. andB, butC. soD. or3. -Winch would you like bettei; teaniilk?Tea. pleaseA. butB. ndC. orD. with4* You must start right now.youll niiss the Train*A. forB tindC. soD” orKey: I

16、. A 2 03.C4. D四代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、关系代词和不定代词等。其中我们会重点来复习人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词。4.1人称代词：表示“我，你他，地，它，你你他们”的词.分为主格和宾擀两类,代词第一人称（我,我们）第二人称（饥m第三人称（除我、我们、你、你们之外）单数复数4ft复数单数复数主格Iweyouvouhesheitthey宾格meyouVOllitiheui 主緞宾格的使甩当人称帰充当句子的主语时要用人称代词的主格，当人称代词充当句 子

17、的宾语时要用人称代词的宾昭，此外，宾格形式也可充当介词的宾语，毗His tnotfw is waiting for him outside.4,2物主代词：表示所有关系的代词曲主代词，即41的1物主代词有瞬词性物主代词和名词翻主代風物主代词的形式如尺代词人麻第_人称第二人称第三人称复数复数单数复裁物主形容词性my0111yowyoiu-hisheritstheir代词名词性nwieoiirsVOUTSvoiirshisitstheiis4.3指示代词：表示占那个”这个.这些”、嘟些”等指示概念的代词。指示代词例句单数thisThis eml is Nlmy.thatTliat is Mary*

18、复数theseThese men are my teachers.thoseThose are iny teachers.疑问代词：.(1)常见疑问代词：who/whom 谁(指人);whose谁的；which哪一个，哪一些；what 什么。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。(2)how:如何，怎样how manyHow many people are there in your familyhow much -How much sugar do you wanthow longHow long is your summer holidayhow soon-How soon will you lea

19、ve Beijing-In two dayshow ofte nHow ofte n do you go to yourhow farHow far is it from your school to the post office不定代词：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词常用不定代词：(1)一定范围内两人(物):onethe other例: I have two han ds. One is leftanother:泛指另一个：例:This kind of cake is very delicious. I want ano ther.other:常用句式some例:Ther

20、e are many people in the park. Some are singing, others are dancing,morning exercise.(4) the others指剩余的全部，只能指可数名词，指不可数名词应用the rest;(5) both, either, neither, all, any, none例两个人或物山 bot都 者 两三者以上aua(6 few. little.白 few, a lirtle可数名词不可数名词含艾ferlittle否定含义.没有多少了a fewa little肯定含义、还有一点(7)复合不定代词：复合不定代词由some,

21、any, no, every加上-body,-thing,-one 构成。这些复合不定代词只具有名词性质，用作单数，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。带some的一般用于肯定句，而带 any的一般用于否定句和疑问句。注：复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语必须放在它的后面。例: There is something wrong with the radio.Exercise.单项选择1, My uncle bought a new bike for.A. myB. IC. idcD. mine2 Linle Babv knows rliac lie should not take (he diiiw*

22、 tliar do not belonc to.A heB. hisU herD him3Isa panda over there?A. tinsB. thatC. thoseD. iliese4.two boys are Mr. Gi eeiVs sons.A. TliisB TlieseC. TliatD. thoseare thev talkins about7Tlie coming Fathers Day.B WhoC WhyD Howis it from your home to the bookstore?About 10 minutes* ride.A. How farB. How muchC. How oftenD How soon7. do you go to Beijing Happy lley?- nee