小学六年级英语语法要点及习题

1、小学英语语法要点及习题、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es ,女口： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以“f或fe ”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5 . 不 规 则 名 词 复 数 ： man-men, woma

2、n-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice ， child-children ， foot-feet, tooth-teeth ， fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese6. 合成词单复数变化规则1）以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式。例如：homework, newspaper等。2）以man 或 woman 为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。例如： woman doctor wome n doctors, m

3、an waiter men waiters.7. 集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：people police 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people, a police，但可以说 a person, a policeman， the English， the British， the French， the Chinese， the Japanes，ethe Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如 The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国 人民是勤劳勇敢的。写出下列各词的复数I _him _this her _watch _chi

4、ld _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberrythief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juicewater_milk_ rice tea_般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1 】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如： I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如： The earth goes ar

5、ound the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语 +行为动词 (+其它) 。如：We study English. 我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数 (he, she,it) 时，要在动词后加 -s 或 -es 。 如： Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化。 否定句：主语 + be + not + 其它。 如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。 一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它。

6、如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语 + dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它) 。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do( Does ) + 主语+动词原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第

7、三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。如： How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口-es ,口： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，

8、如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练 :一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink go _ stay _ make _look have_ pass_ carrycome watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush do teach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (li

9、ke) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening.10. There (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike (like) cooking.12. They (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (l

10、ook) after her baby carefully.14. You always （do） your homework well.15. I （be） ill. I m staying in bed.16. She （go） to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao （do） not like PE.18. The child often （watch） TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang （have） eight lessons this term.20. What day （be） it t

11、oday? It s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Tom watches TV every evening.（改为否定句 ）2. I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ）3. She likes milk.（ 改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答 ）4. Amy likes playing computer games.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ）5. We go to school every morning.（ 改为否定句 ）6. He speaks English very well.（改为否定句 ）7. I like taking

12、 photos in the park.（对划线部分提问 ）8. John comes from Canada.（ 对划线部分提问 ）9. She is a good student.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ）改为否定句 )10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.（五、改错 （ 划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上 ）1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs

13、 us English. 5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. 三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作， 也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或 现阶段正在进行的动作。2. 现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not 。4. 现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。5. 现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加 ing ，如

14、： cook-cooking2. 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-maki n g, taste-tasting3. 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母， 双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 ing ，如： run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim _makego like_ write skiread_have_ sing _danceputsee_ buy lovelive_ take_ come getstop_sit begin shop、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1. The

15、 boy( draw)a picture now.2. Liste n .Some girls( sin g)i n the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some n ice food now.4. Whatyou( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an En glish less on .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our gran ddaughter doing? She(l

16、iste n ) to music.9. It s 5 o clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doi ng housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(回答)3. I m playing the footballin the playground .（对划线部分进行提问）4. Tom is reading books in his ro

17、om .（对划线部分进行提问）四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, n ext day（week, mon th, year）,so on, the dayafter tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are） l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won t。例如：I m going to have a pic nic this after noon.f I m not going to h

18、avea picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称 互换。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend.f Are you going to goon an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who例如：I m going to New York soon.f Who s going to New Yorksoon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My fathe

19、r is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. fWhat is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When例如：She s going to go to bed at nine.fWhen is shegoing to bed?六、同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊

20、。I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打篮球。What next Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . She buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time you meet?改句子。5. Nancy i

21、s going to go on a picnic.(改否定)Nancy going to go on a picnic.6. I ll go and visit them. (改否定)I go visit them.7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句) to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus station at 10:30.(改一般疑问句) meet at the bus station at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to

22、music after school.(对划线部分提问) she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.( 上 ) going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnicafternoon.12. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often (go) to sch

23、ool on foot. But today is rain. He (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) insects?15. It s Friday today. What she (do) this weekend? She (watch) TV and (catch) insects.16. What (d0) you do last Sunday? I (pick) appleson a farm. What (do) next S

24、unday? I (milk)17. Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.thiscows.20. I (plan) for my study now五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am禾口 is在一般过去时中变为 was(

25、 was not二wasn t)are 在一般过去时中变为 were( were not=weren t)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was或were后加not, 般疑问句把 was或 were调到句首。3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t + 动词原形，如： Jim didn t go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加 did ，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Ji

26、m do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如： Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1. 一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .结尾是 e 加 d,如：taste-tasted3. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i , 再加-ed，如：study-studied5. 不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-

27、said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式is/am fly plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask eat draw p

28、ut eatthrow pass do Be 动词的过去时练习（ 1）一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobi

29、le phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 2. They were in his pocket.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： Be动词的过去时练习一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog

30、two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. ItChildren s Day. Al l the students very excited.行为动词的过去时练习一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3

31、. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.5. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.6. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.7. The girls (sing) and (dance) at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答

32、： 2. Sam went to school early.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 123. We sang some English songs.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 行为动词的过去时练习( 2)一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Fes

33、tival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. What she (find) in the garden last morning?She (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中译英1. 斯玛特先生去年住在中国。2. 昨天我们参观了农场。过去时综合练习( 1)一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It (be) Amy s birthday last Friday.2. We all (ha

34、ve) a good time last night.3. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. (read)135. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)9. I (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We (go) to school on Sunday.过去时综合练习( 2)一、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It (be) the 2nd of November y

35、esterday.Mr Smart (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Don t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)4. What you just now? I some housework. (do)5. They (make) a kite a week ago.6. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)7. She (be) a pretty girl. Look,

36、she (do) Chinese dances.8. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.六、形容词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用： 两个事物或人的比较用比较级， 比较级后面一般 带有单词 than 。比较级前面可以用 more, a little 来修饰表示程度。 than 后的人 称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2形容词加 er 的规则：一般在词尾加 er ；以字母 e 结尾，加 r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ;以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先

37、把y变i，再加er。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful三、练习一) 、写出下列形容词的比较级old young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavy lightnice good beautiful二) 、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years (old)than me.2. Tom is as (fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister (young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is (t

38、hin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is (big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary s hair is as (long) as Lucy s.7. Ben (jump) (high) than some of the boys in his class.8. My eyes are (big) than (she).9. Which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig?三) 、翻译句子：1、谁比 Jim 年纪大？ is than Jim ？2、谁比 David 更强壮

39、？ than David?3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？ pencil is ,or ？4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。 apples ,your or your ? My .七、There be 句型与 have, has 的区别1、 There be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在 there be 句型中，主语是单数， be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数， be 动词用 are ; 如有几件物品， be 动词根据最近 be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。4、there

40、 be 句型与 have(has) 的区别： there be 表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。any 用于否定句用于否定句或疑5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用： some 用于肯定句， 或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用： and 用于肯定句， or 问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介

41、词短语？Fill in the blank with“have,has”or “there is , there are1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. a telephone on the desk.3. Hea radio.4. a basketball in the playground5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden （花园） .7. What do you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike?10. any books i

42、n the bookcase?11. My fathera story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many studentsin the classroom?15. My parentssome nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. many children on the hill.用恰当的be动词填空1、There a lot of sweets in th

43、e box.2、Theresome milk in the glass.3、 Theresome people under the the big tree.4、There a picture and a map on the wall.5、There a box of rubbers near the books.6、 Therelots of flowers in our garden last year.7、 There a cake behind the fridge（冰箱）yesterday.8、There four cups of coffee on the table.Fill

44、in the bla nk with“ have, has ”I. 1a nice dress.2. Hea good friend.3. Theysome books.4. Wesome flowers.5. Shea duck.6. My fathera new bike.7. Her mothera vase.8. Our teacheran En glish book.9. Our teachersa basketball.10. Nancymany skirts.II. Davidsome jackets.12. My friendsa football.13. What do yo

45、u?14. What does Mike?15. What do your friends?16. What does Helen?17. His brothera basketball.18. Her sistera nice doll.19. Miss Lian En glish book.八、人称代词和物主代词 1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于 than 之后)，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别： 形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词， 名词性 则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词 物主代词主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 我 I

46、 me 我的 my mine 你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours 他 he him 他的 his his 她 she her 她的 her hers 它 it it 它的 its its 我们 we us 我们的 our ours 他(她，它)们 they them 他(她，它)们的 their theirs 一. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is verybig. ( I )2. The dress is . Give it to . ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, its not . ( I )4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are ? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which