快递企业市场竞争战略外文文献翻译 14942字 投稿：邓轶轷

1、快递企业市场竞争战略外文文献翻译 14942字 投稿：邓轶轷原文the research of express enterprise competition strategynavistar tabstractthis paper takes the german ae express company as the case study. firstly, express industry is analyzed, and then expounds the trend of the development of industry, then the ae express company ma

2、de a detailed analysis of the foreign small and medium-sized express enterprises provide beneficial reference for competitive strategy.keywords: express delivery, express delivery market, competitive strategy1 overview of the express industryexpress economic adaptabilitythe development of modern exp

3、ress industry is closely combined with the development of world economy. with the accelerating process of global economic integration, international domestic trade activities accelerate active. due to the production and business operation activities of high efficiency and fast rhythm, time value is

4、very important. a large number of samples, files, documents need to pass quickly, it offers a wide range of opportunities to express industry; but with the development of science and technology, a large number of high technology content, small volume, high value products also provide the source for

5、the express industry.immediacythe basic characteristics of express service mainly reflected in the fast and flexible. so must have a long distance transport rapid transport and distribution, distribution, delivery, etc. big express companies themselves have a certain number of aircraft, and most of

6、the courier company has its own freight cars. in addition to transportation, express delivery company in the supply of goods distribution center, especially the central regions of the companys business, you need to set up distribution control center, equipped with warehouse, computer center, control

7、 and command center and other facilities.networkexpress industry provide door to door service, so you must receive customer information timely and accurately, quickly handle documents, all-the-way tracking system for the delivery of goods or documents. realize the function of guarantee is the advanc

8、ed computer network, advanced communications network, and can meet the demand of all kinds of personalized, special courier service of hardware and software. at present most of the courier company can do to a file and tracking in the whole process of the parcel. users only need to log in the website

9、, enter the waybill number, you can track the all the information of the goods.excellent service functionform as a result of the express delivery service is a table to table, door to door; it needs to express the all-the-way tracking, customer want to be able to real-time query courier, so the couri

10、er company must be on the basis of quality service to retain customers.2 development trend of express industry2.1 cut or eliminate postal franchisein the late 70 s the united states has reform in the field of civil aviation and post in a breakthrough, cancelled the passenger and cargo airlines opera

11、ting in 1978 and the limitation of the pricing, suspended in 1979 postal franchise to especially urgent letters, to allow the private courier service providers 2.2 promote the reform of property right systemmany countries in order to optimize the national postal department of the state-owned propert

12、y right structure, improve the operational efficiency of the postal services, have stepped up to the postal enterprise shareholding system reform. in 1994, the swedish postal is from shares to the public service company co., ltd., and the vat on all of its products. in 1995, the german postal formal

13、ly registered as a stock company, 49% of the shares sold to the whole society. in 2000, deutsche post successfully listed co., ltd., is the annual european largest, the worlds third largest trading. new zealand post has restructured into joint-stock company. the netherlands is the worlds a typical o

14、f postal privatization reform at present.2.3 open to promote bilateral and regional levelsthe u.s. free trade agreements with singapore, chile, to create open bilateral areas express industry precedent. beauty, wisdom is committed to keep express delivery market access level, before signing the agre

15、ement and provide separate to delivery the goods, fast customs clearance procedures; beauty, open new agreement delivery department and other related services, in order to improve the efficiency of express delivery services. agreement also included limited service providers for cross-subsidy provisi

16、ons of the state. the emu will be open postal markets as an important content of regional integration, twice by law requires internal open postal markets, and lets the member states during the period of 2003 to 2006 take substantive steps. at present, the world trade organization (wto) is open to co

17、urier and postal services are given more attention, in the field of open has become the important issues of the doha round of trade in services negotiations.3 ae express company3.1 overviewgerman ae express company was founded in 1988, the headquarters is located in southwestern germany. express in

18、europe, at the beginning of its establishment, the companys main business. after 20 years of development, has now developed into a air freight, shipping, express delivery, warehousing, logistics as one of the integrated logistics company in europe. since it was founded in 1988, ae express company bu

19、siness development, steadily to 2008 euro turnover has over ten million every year. as an international air transport association (iata), the world cargo alliance (wca) members, ae courier company has a wide range of internationalservice network, and through the cooperation with gel and derkur work

20、er, ae express company of express delivery range covers the whole continent. the ae express company in frankfurt, germany, berlin and other branch offices in major cities in europe. and in 2003, it set up a wholly owned subsidiary in hong kong, opened a european express line in hong kong.3.2 the com

21、petitive environmentfour giant dhl, fedex, ups, tnt is accounted for 80% of the international express market share. dhl express dhl global co., ltd., founded in 1969, is the worlds four major international express international group, one of the global network by deutsche post group holding 100%.dhl

22、 international air express co., ltd is by dhl and china national foreign trade transportation group corporation each injection of 50% was founded in 1986, is chinas earliest and most experienced international air express company. from the company since its establishment, dhl in major cities all over

23、 the country have established 82 subsidiaries, has more than 7100 high-quality staff, service throughout the country in 401 major cities, covering 95% of the population and economic center of china. as the leader of the international express delivery, dhl has diversified logistics services, includin

24、g: international express, multimodal transport, electronic commerce, finance, agency, distribution and storage, and plenty of customs operation technology and experience, is one of the worlds largest logistics service providers.fedex is the worlds largest express transportation company, for more tha

25、n 235 countries and regions in the world to provide fast and reliable delivery service. fedex has universal air and land transportation networks, usually only one or two working days, can quickly delivery time urgent condition, and to ensure on time delivery. fedex is affiliated with federal express

26、 group (fedex corp.), are the backbone of the group express transportation business. fedex to worldwide customers and enterprises is to provide transportation, electronic commerce and business operation and a series of comprehensive services. as one of the most famous brand, fedex corporation throug

27、h the operation mode of the competition and coordination management, provides a comprehensive business application solutions, make it earn up to $32 billion a year. fedex in southeast asia both price and speed can be said to be the first of four companies. in the price of 21 kg of large cargo fedex,

28、 dhl, ups, transportation speed is the same. but fedex shortcoming lies in western europe, us and canada, south america, africa, middle east countries have no advantage of price and speed.ups was founded in 1907 as a messenger company in the united states, by explicitly committed to supporting the g

29、lobal business goal; ups now has grown to a big company with $36 billion in assets. today ups, or united parcel service company, is a global company, as the worlds largest express carrier and package delivery company; they are also specialized transportation, logistics, capital, and the leading prov

30、ider of e-commerce services. the business income of ups in regional terms, the domestic business accounted for 89% of total revenue, european and asian business accounted for 11%.can seen from this, ups international express delivery market in china, more adept at international express business in a

31、merica.tnt express to enter the chinese market in 1988, 2003, tnt express 25 branches, the total sales of more than $700 million. as the dutchs largest express company, tnt clearance ability in western european countries than dhl, ups, and ems was stronger. but price is a lot more expensive than oth

32、er companies. tnt express europe, have achieved this invention to: tnt using dalian to beijing daily flights, the latest on the day of collection of international express mail on the day of shipment to the capital international airport, the next day at noon tnt transit center can be arrived in frank

33、furt and los angeles.4 the express industry suppliers bargaining powermainly through the price increase inputs and the suppliers ability is reducing the unit value of quality, to influence the existing corporate profitability and product competitiveness in the industry. in the international express

34、industry, the main suppliers including airlines, international freight forwarding enterprises, and road transport services. airlines generally only shipping space on level 1 freight agent relationship. airlines flights to fixed, fixed time, will not change the goods because the customers problem. in

35、ternational freight is agency enterprises. international freight forwarding enterprise mainly refers to the air freight agent enterprise. the air freight agent is divided into primary and secondary agents. because the airlines only put to a level a freight transportation, the shipping space to a lev

36、el a freight transportation space secondary forwarding agent or directly to the customer, for express delivery companies, the main suppliers or freight forwarding companies. relative to airlines, the size of the forwarding agent, cargo determines its bargaining power: likewise, what cargo also deter

37、mines the express companys bargaining power. highway transportation service is providers. international express operations, in addition to air express, will certainly to send countries with receipt of road express service. ae express companyowns the means of transport, the parent company is one of g

38、ermanys largest transportation groups road transportation occupies a very big advantage in europe.译文快递企业市场竞争战略研究navistar t摘要本文以德国ae快递公司为案例分析对象，首先分析了快递行业，接着阐述了快递行业的发展趋势，然后对ae快递公司做了一个详细的分析，为外资中小型快递企业制定竞争战略提供有益借鉴。关键词:快递业，快递市场，竞争战略1快递行业概述快递，是指物流企业通过自身的独立网络，或以联营的方式，相互利用各自的网络，将用户委托的文件或包裹，快捷而安全地从发件人送达收件人的门

39、到门运输方式。快递是以时间、递送质量区别于其它运输方式，它的高效运转是建立在完善的网络基础之上的。快递业是以最快的速度在寄件人和收件人之间运送文件或包裹的行业。其性质及运输方式与一般航空货运服务基本一致，但是快递行业延伸和拓展了航空运输服务，在运输业中，快递业的服务形式最为快捷、周到。快递业主要有以下几个特点:经济适应性。现代快递业的发展与世界经济的发展紧密相连。随着全球经济一体化的进程不断加快，国际国内贸易活动加速活跃。由于生产经营活动的高效率和快节奏，时间价值显得十分重要。大量的样品、文件、单证需要快速传递，这为快递行业提供了大量的商机;而随着科技的发展，大量科技含量高，体积小，价值高的产

40、品也为快递行业提供了货源。快捷性。快递服务的基本特点主要体现在快速和灵活。因此运输工具必须具备长途快速运输以及集散、分发、派送等特点。大型的快递公司自身拥有一定数量的飞机，而绝大部分快递公司都拥有自己的货运汽车。除了运输工具，快递公司在货源集散地，特别是公司经营的中心区域，需要设置集散控制中心，配备仓库，电脑中心，控制和指挥中心等设施。网络化。快递行业提供的是门到门的服务，因此必须及时、准确地接收顾客信息，快速处理单证，实现对运送物品或文件的全程跟踪。实现这些功能的保证就是先进的计算机网络、先进的通讯网络以及能够满足各种个性化、特殊的快递服务需求的硬件及软件。目前绝大多数快递公司都能做到对文件

41、及包裹的全程跟踪。用户只需要登陆公司网站，输入货运单号，就能追踪到货物的全部信息。优良的服务功能。由于快递业的服务表现形式是桌到桌、门到门，它需要对快件实行全程跟踪，客户希望能够实时查询快件的情况，所以快递公司必须在优质服务的基础上才能留住客户。2 快递行业发展趋势2.1 削减或取消邮政的专营权70年代末美国先后在民用航空和邮政专营领域的改革取得突破，1978年取消了客运和货运航线运营和定价方面的限制，1979年中止了邮政对特别紧急信件的专营权，允许私营快递服务商提供“次日达”的信件寄递服务，1986年中止了邮政对国际邮件的专营权。1993年瑞典成为欧洲第一个废除邮政专营的国家。之后，俄罗斯、

42、新西兰、荷兰也相继废除了邮政专营。从1995年开始，德国允许本国和世界各国的私营邮递公司，经营信函以外的所有邮政业务。此外，印度、肯尼亚等发展中国家也缩小了邮政专营范围。2.2 推进产权制度改革许多国家为优化国家邮政部门国有独资的产权结构，提高邮政公司的运营效率，纷纷加大了对邮政企业的股份制改造。1994年，瑞典邮政从公共服务公司改为股份有限公司，并对其全部产品征收增值税。1995年，德国邮政正式注册为股份公司，49%的股份向社会出售。2000年，德国邮政股份有限公司成功上市，是该年度欧洲第一大、世界第三大的上市交易。新西兰邮政也己改制成股份公司。荷兰是世界上对邮政进行私有化改造的一个典型，目

43、前荷兰邮政已转变为私有化公司。2.3推动双边和区域层面的开放美国与新加坡、智利的自由贸易协议，开创了双边领域快递业开放的先例。美、智承诺将保持签订协议前快递业的市场准入水平，并对快递货物提供单独、快速的清关程序;美、新协议规定开放快递部门和其他相关的服务部门，以提高快递服务部门的效率。协议还纳入了限制国家服务提供商进行交叉补贴的规定。欧盟也将邮政市场开放作为区域一体化的重要内容，先后两次通过法令要求内部开放邮政市场，并让成员国在2003年到2006年期间采取实质性步骤。目前，世贸组织对快递和邮政服务业的开放也给予了更多的关注，该领域的开放已成为多哈回合服务贸易谈判的重要议题。3 ae快递公司现

44、状3.1概述（完整译文请到百度文库）德国ae快递公司成立于1988年，总部位于德国西南部。公司成立之初，主营欧洲地区的快件业务。经过20年的发展，现在已经发展成为集空运，海运，快递，仓储，全欧洲物流运输为一体的综合性物流公司。自1988年成立以来，ae快递公司业务稳步发展，到2008年年营业额己超一千万元欧元。作为国际空运协会(iata)，世界货运联盟(wca)成员，ae快递公司拥有广泛的世界性服务网络，而通过与gel以及 derkur工er的合作，ae快递公司的快件派送范围覆盖整个欧洲大陆。目前ae快递公司在德国法兰克福，柏林等欧洲主要城市均设有分公司。并于2003年在香港成立全资子公司，开

45、通了香港一欧洲的快运专线。3.2竞争环境dhl，fedex，ups，tnt四大巨头更是占据了80%的国际快递市场份额。dhl敦豪全球速递有限公司，创立于1969年，是全球四大国际快递跨国集团之一，由德国邮政全球网络集团100%控股。中外运敦豪国际航空快件有限公司是由dhl与中国对外贸易运输集团总公司各注资50%于1986年成立，是中国成立最早、经验最丰富的国际航空快递公司。从公司成立至今，中外运敦豪在全国各主要城市己建立82家分公司，拥有超过7，100名高素质员工，服务遍及全国401个主要城市，覆盖中国95%的人口和经济中心。作为国际快递业的领导者，dhl拥有多样化的物流服务项目，包括:国际快递、多式联运、电子商务、金融、代理、配送和仓储，以及丰富的关务运作技术和经验，是全球最大的物流服务提供商之一。fedex联邦快递是全球最具规模的快递运输公司，为全球超过235个国家及地区提供快捷、可靠的快递服务。联邦快递设有环球航空及陆运网络，通常只需一至两个工作日，就能迅速运送时限紧迫的货件，而且确保准时送达。联邦快递隶属于美国联邦快递集团 (fedexcorp.)，是集团快递运输业务的中坚力量。联邦快递集团为遍及全球的顾客和企业提供涵盖运输、电子商务和商业运作等一系列的全面服务。作为一个久负盛名的企业品牌，联邦快递集团通过相互竞争和协调管