(完整)高考语法填空(定语从句专项练习)

1、 张家口市正博高级中学高二英语语法复习一-定语从句定语从句讲与练that is the teacher who teaches us physics.分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。you neednt talk to the people who you dont like talking to. 分析：关系词_在从句中作_。2whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。一、定语的概念：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。比如：mr liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。(先试试用横线划出下面短语

2、中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定) 语a beautiful girl（jims father (）three boys （our teacher (）a shoe factory （）li ming is just the boy ( whom ) i want to see.分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。)the man in the car （）the professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。the man standing at the door （the man who is talking

3、with sam （分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。二、定语从句的概念及主要特征：注意：关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。the man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.1定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词：the man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.2. 定语从句的主要特

4、征：3. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。i visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 分析：关系词_在从句中作_he has a friend whose father is a doctor. 译成汉语：_分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。（1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分；（2）what 永远不能引导定语从句；i lost the book whose cover was blue. 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。（3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“.的”三、定语从句的基本用法：we live

5、in a house whose windows face the south.译成汉语:_who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：定语从句的引导词指人关系代词that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.the classroom the door of which is brokenwill soon be repaired.that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)指物do you like the book whose

6、 cover is yellow?do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?自己总结一下：在定语从句中，whose + 名词 _4which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。football is a game which is liked by most boys. 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the factory which makes computers is far away from here. 分析：关系词_在从句中作_。译成汉语where (地点状语)when (时间状语)why (原因状语)关系副词

7、he likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.:_分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。（一）关系代词引导的定语从句the house which is by the lake looks nice. 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。this is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 译成汉语：_1who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时也作宾语。the boys who are playing football are from class one.分析：关系词 who 在从句中作主语。分

8、析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。yesterday i helped an old man who had lost his way. 分析：关系词_在从句中作_。5that 引导定语从句时，既

9、可以指人，也可以指物。指人时，相当于who 或 whom；指物时，相1 张家口市正博高级中学高二英语语法复习一-定语从句当于 which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。i visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。is thi

10、s the place where they fought against the enemy? 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。注意：当先行词是 situation, occasion, point, case 时，且又在从句中作状语时，常用 where 来引导定语从句。sometimes you will find yourself in a situation where you felt very embarrassedhe has reached a point where nobody can compare with him.where is the man that / whom

11、 i saw this morning? 分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the person that /the season that /you introduced to me is very es after spring is summer.yesterday i received a letter that /_ came from australia.(二) 关系副词引导的定语从句3 why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。常可用for which 来代替。please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 分析：

12、关系词_ 在从句中作_。the reason why he was punished is unknown to us.译成汉语：_i dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 译成汉语：_注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：i will never forget the moment when (=_) the blind students moved us.great changes are taking place in the city where (=_) they live.1 w

13、hen 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。常可以用in/on/at which 代替。i still remember the day when i first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the time when we got together finally arrived.我们团聚的时刻终于到了。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the reason why (=_) he refused the invitation is quite clear.october 1, 1949 was the day wh

14、en the peoples republic of china was founded. 1949年 10 月 1 日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。attributive clause:把这个句子改成两个简单句：_限制性定语从句 restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.成两个简单句：_把这个句子改是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句

15、和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。jenny, with whom i played table tennisyesterday, lives in my next room.2 where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。常可用 in/on/at which 代替。shanghai is the city where i was born.i was the only person who was invited.in my office把这个句子改

16、成两个简单句：_the man who came here yesterday hascome again.that is mr. wang, whose daughterteaches english at a middle school.分析：关系词_ 在从句中作_。the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.把这个句子改成两个简单句：_注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句2 张家口市正博高级中学高二英

17、语语法复习一-定语从句限制性定语从句举例：look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.思考：什么时候只能 which 而不能用 that 呢？1.在_中；2.在_之后。（二）关系代词的省略：the teacher told me that tom was the only person that i could depend on.译成汉语：_the factory we visited yesterday was really old. (请将省略的关系代词补充在正确的位置)the man you just ta

18、lked to was my english teacher. (请将省略的关系代词补充在正确的位置)当关系代词在从句中作_时可以省略。china is a country which has a long history. 译成汉语：_in the street i saw a man who was from africa. 译成汉语：_非限制性定语从句举例 ：（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句his mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 译成汉语：_china, which was founded in 1949,

19、is becoming more and more powerful.译成汉语：_关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。the school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.the school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。this is the boy (whom / who / that) i played tennis with yesterday.last summer i visited the peoples

20、 great hall, in which many important meetings are held every year.译成汉语：_this is the boy_i played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。w ell go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.well go to hear the famous singer _we have often talked. the manager whosecompany i work

21、in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.the manager _ i work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意： 含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after,take care of, give up 等。注意：在非限制性定语从句中，有时 which 所指代的先行词是前面的整个句子。xiao li came to see me off, which was very

22、kind of her.he didnt pass the exam, which surprised us.五定语从句考查重点：（一）定语从句在下列情况下只能用 that，而不能用 which 指物。（指人时可以用 who/whom）1. 当先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时。如：this is the best film that i have ever seen. the first place that they visited in london was the big ben.2. 当先行词是不定代词 everything, anything, nothing ,somethin

23、g, all, none, few, little, some, much等代词时，或当先行词受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如：have you taken down everything that mr. li said?this is the watch (which / that) i am looking for. (正)this is the watch for which i am looking . (误)the babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is lookin

24、g after are very healthy. (正)the babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. （误）若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用 who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用 that。关系代词是所有格时用 whose。there seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.all that can be done has been done. there is little that i

25、can do for you.he stayed in the library and looked up some information that they needed.3. 当先行词被 the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时。如：this is the very dictionary that i want to buy.the man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.(正) 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。the man with that / who you talked ju

26、st now is my neighbour. (误)the plane in which we flew to canada was really comfortable.很舒服。after the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.4. 当先行词是 who,或 which 引导的主句时。如：(正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在who is the man that is standing by the gate?the plane in that we flew to canada was really

27、 comfortable. (误)which is the t-shirt that fits me most?“介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数5. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：词。如：they talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school3 张家口市正博高级中学高二英语语法复习一-定语从句1. dorothy was always speaking highly of her

28、role in the play, of course, made the othershe grew up as a child.he loves his parents deeply,are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩unhappy.待他都很好。2. after living in paris for fifty years he returned to the small townin the basket there are quite many apples,已经坏了。have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些3. the gentle

29、manyou told me yesterday proved to be a thief.is free.4. please take any seat5. the old man has two sons,is a soldier.（其中一个是士兵）there are forty students in our class in all,个学生，大多数来自大城市。up to now, he has written ten stories,部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。are from big cities.我们班总共有6. new york is famous for its sky-s

30、crapers(摩天大楼)，7. he has written a book_ name i have forgotten.8. this is the place _i spent my childhood.has more than 100 storeys.（最高的一座）are about country life.迄今为止，他写了9. the boycomposition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.10. the weather turned out to be very good,was more than we

31、could expect.（四）当先行词被 one of 修饰时，若 one of 前有 the only，则从句的谓语动词用单数，没有only 的话则用复数。11. mr. wang is a boss,12. i dont like the wayfactory li ping worked.you speak to her.i lived in the country with the farmers,he is one of the students who _ never late. 译成汉语：_he is the only one of the students who _ nev

32、er late. 译成汉语：_（五）先行词是时间却不用 when 引导，先行词是地点却不用 where 引导，先行词是原因却不用 why引导。13. i shall never forget the yearsmy life.has a good effect on14.15. yesterday we had a meeting _ we discussed many problems.16. such a book you showed me is difficult to understand.17. the speaker spoke of some writers and some

33、books were popular then.18. this is the store we visited the famous shop assistants.19. im going to spend my holiday in beijing, live my old parents.is known to all, china will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time.i will never forget the days _ we climbed the mountain together.

34、i will never forget the days _ we spent together.we visited the house _ lu xun used to live.20. _ we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.we visited the house _ lu xun used to live in.21. nicks guests, _ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheap

35、lyif they could.this is the reason _ he was unhappy.this is the reason _ he explained to me.22. the book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.23. happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.24. when i arrived, bry

36、an took me to see the house _ i would be staying.25.the museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors canwatch the big glasshouses being built.（六）当先行词被 such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用 as。 如：ive never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。he is not such a fool a