(完整版)初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

1、 1名词（课时 :2）一 介绍名词含义 :名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二名词的分类：专有名词 ( 人名，地名，机构 )william，linda, canada，china，the united nations, wto普通名词可数名词: 包括 单数(只有一个) 和 复数(两个以上).不可数名词: 只有单数.物质名词 milk， water， tea， bread，beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee，sugar，salt抽象名词 information， friendship， knowledge， work， advice， science, news,

2、weather三重点:单数名词 变 复数名词 的规则：1. 一般情况下，加“s”. eg: books，stamps， pens， tables2. 以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加 “es”eg: buses， boxes， foxes， watches， matches， beaches， coaches, brushes3. 以 “o ”, 结尾的，加 “es ”or “s ”eg: negroes ni:gr、 heroes、 volcanoes vlken、 tomatoes、 potatoes、radios、 pianos、 zoos、 photos、 bamboos、vi

3、deo需加es的记忆技巧：黑人（negro）英雄（hero）在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）4. 以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”.eg: city - cities， country - countries， family - families, story - stories5. 以“f” 或 “fe” 结尾的， 把“f” 或 “fe”变为“ves”。eg: thiefthieves wifewives life - liveshalfhalvesleaf -leaves， knife - knives，wolf

4、wolves, shelfshelves, loafloaves记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wife）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf）当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。6）不规则变化： man - men， woman - women， policeman - policemen, child - children， ox - oxenfoot - feet， tooth - teeth, goose - geese, mouse - mice， fish - fish， sheep- sheepdeer

5、 - deer， meansmeans， chinese - chinese， japanese - japanese注意： 当 man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时，man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。例如： a man teacher - men teachers;a woman teacher - women teachers四重点：名词的所有格 （- 的）（1）单数名词词尾加 s ； 以 s 结尾的单数名词， 则只加 .the boys bag； marys cap； mr jamesoffice（2）复数名词 如果不以 s 结尾，则加 s ； 复数名词 如

6、果以 s 结尾， 则只加 .the childrens palacemens roomthe teachers reading-room10 minuteswalk（3）如果表示 几个人共有一样东西，只需 在最后一个人的名字后面加 s .如果表示 各自所有，就必须 在各个名字后面加 s .this is tom and marks room.these are toms and marks rooms.（4）the + 名词 of 名词the windows of the housethe name of the citythe picture of the toms 结构 也可以转换成 of

7、结构the girls name - the name of the girltoms friend - the friend of tom（5）a + 名词 of 名词s / a + 名词 of 名词性物主代词 ( 表示“其中之一” )a picture of toms ; a friend of mine 名词专项训练in the zoo ?1- are there any- yes, there are some.a. pandab. lionc. tigerdoctor and severald. deer2there is only onehospital.nurses in thi

8、sa. man / womanwomenb. man / womenc. men / womand. men /3- what can i do for you ?- id like two.a. bottle of orange juicec. bottles of orange juiceb. bottle of orange juicesd. bottles of orange juices4this isa. anna and janebedroom. the twin sisters like it very much.b. annas and janesc. annas and j

9、ane5well have aa. four daysdaysd. anna and janesholiday. what about going to the great wall ?b. four-dayc. four-daysd. four6paul hasa. manyfriends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.b. some c. fewcan you see in the picture ?b. child c. deerd. more7how manya. waterd.factorys8this is an old phot

10、o of mine. at that time i had.a. short hairsc. many short hair9- where are the- they are playinga. boys students / thec. boy student / xb. short haird. much short hairs?football on the playground.b. boy students / thed. boy students / x10i have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there s something

11、 wrong withhis.a. eyesb. legson how to learn english well.b. many advices c. some advicec. mouthd. ears11jenny gave usa. some advicesadviced. an12we have bought twoa. box of strawberryfor the coming party.b. boxes of strawberries c. box of strawberries13mr smith is a friend ofa. johns uncled. boxes

12、of strawberry.b. john unclesd. john unclec. johns uncles14- would you liketea ?- no, thanks. i have drunk twoa. any / bottle of juicec. many / bottles of juices.b. some / bottles of juiced. few / bottles of juice15these are thea. childtoys.b. childrenc. children sd.children16there are hardly anya. d

13、uckin the river now because of the pollution.c. goose d. waterb. fish17she told mea. a good newsc. so good a newsthe day before yesterday.b. such a good newsd. a piece of good newsto do.18i wont go there with you, for i have a lot ofa. worksworking19therea. are / watchesb. jobc. workd.all kinds ofin

14、 this shop.b. be / watchesc. is / watchesb. some papersd. be /watch20there area. a paperon the desk., please.c. a piece of paper21id likea. two bottle of beerc. two bottles of beer22these ared. some pieces of paperb. two bottle of beersd. two bottles of beersbackpacks.this summer.once a month.a. lil

15、y and lucyb. lily and lucysc. lilys and lucyd. lilys and lucys23well havea. a two months vacationc. a two-months vacationb. two months vacationd. a two-month vacation24i go to thea. barberbarbersb. barbersc. barber sd.25i want to knowa. everyones elsec. everyone elses26i walked into thedesk.opinion.

16、b. everyone elsed. everyone elsesoffice, and put the letter on mya. teachers / teachersc. teachers / teachersb. teachers / teachersd. teachers / teachers 27theres noa. roomfor more cars in the parking lot. it is too crowded.b. roomsc. housed.houses28my shoes were worn out, so i decided to buy a newa. show b. shoes c. pair29could you speak in a louda. voice b. noisethroat.d. oned.? i cant hear you clearly.c. sound30only onewoman.has been chosen. i dont know whether it is a man or aa. peopleb.