[课件]高考英语-阅读理解-细节理解题(共85张PPT)-(1)

1、1 2 【命题人点拨】【命题人点拨】 3 细节理解题在高考中占有较大比例，细节理解题在高考中占有较大比例， 其主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中其主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中 某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解 能力。能力。 4 一、命题特点一、命题特点 所谓细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象所谓细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象 或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括 直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, whe

2、re, why和和how等提问）、语意转化题等提问）、语意转化题 （需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换， 两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后 方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图 画题等。画题等。 5 其常见设问方式有：其常见设问方式有： 1. Which of the following is/isnt true? 2. Which of the following is not mentioned? 3. Choose

3、the right order of the events given in the passage. 4. All of the following statements may be true/false except. . . 6 5. Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of. . . ? 6. What does the writer pay least attention to? 7. Which of the following is not the result of. . . ? 8. W

4、hich of the drawings below gives an idea of what. . . is like? 9. The author mentions all of the following except. . . 10. All of the following statements are true except. . . 7 【名师点睛】【名师点睛】 1. 细节理解题解题策略细节理解题解题策略 （1）细心审题，直接根据问题找答案。）细心审题，直接根据问题找答案。 解答此类题目时，不必通篇细读全文，要采取代解答此类题目时，不必通篇细读全文，要采取代 入法，即带着问题在

5、原文中寻找答案，先从问题入法，即带着问题在原文中寻找答案，先从问题 中找准关键词，然后进行信息定位，运用略读及中找准关键词，然后进行信息定位，运用略读及 查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找相关信息。查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找相关信息。 （2）变通理解，间接转述分析选项。）变通理解，间接转述分析选项。 根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所用词汇，根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所用词汇， 进行变通，避免误选答案。进行变通，避免误选答案。 8 （3）多方归纳，综合事实定答案。）多方归纳，综合事实定答案。 细节理解题有时考查的不是单一的信息，而是多细节理解题有时考查的不是单一的信息，而是多 处信息的整合，这时

6、要有足够的耐心，一定要全处信息的整合，这时要有足够的耐心，一定要全 面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳、切不可面捕捉相关信息，进行综合分析、归纳、切不可 草率地进行选择。草率地进行选择。 9 2. 细节理解题干扰项特点细节理解题干扰项特点 10 3 3、命题中主要采用以下几种干扰方法：、命题中主要采用以下几种干扰方法： 干扰项与原句极为相似，只是略干扰项与原句极为相似，只是略 微有些变动。望文生义是造成错误选择的主要原因。微有些变动。望文生义是造成错误选择的主要原因。 一些干扰项中，某个句子或词语是一些干扰项中，某个句子或词语是 正确的，其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误正确的，其他分句

7、或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误 并存，命题者借此以假乱真。因此，只要一个选项局部并存，命题者借此以假乱真。因此，只要一个选项局部 有误或选项不全面，都是需要排除的干扰项。有误或选项不全面，都是需要排除的干扰项。 有些干扰项是通过改变或去有些干扰项是通过改变或去 掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小范围的方式来误导考生。掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小范围的方式来误导考生。 考生在答题时一定要提防上述干扰手法，小心谨慎考生在答题时一定要提防上述干扰手法，小心谨慎 对待。对待。 11 3. 各考点解题策略各考点解题策略 做这类题一般采用做这类题一般采用，即先读题，然，即先读题，然 后带着问题快速阅读短文，找

8、出与问题有后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有 关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析 对比，找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信对比，找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信 息，确定最佳答案。息，确定最佳答案。 12 二、考点分类二、考点分类 【考点一】【考点一】对号入座题对号入座题 A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Research

9、ers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet- and- exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better

10、, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Dog owners didnt lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overallmostly with their dogs and found it worth doing. 13 Q：The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that_ . A. peo

11、ple with dogs did more exercise B. dogs lost the same weight as people did C. dogs liked exercise much more than people did D. people without dogs found the program unhelpful 14 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】此题为对号入座题。属于直接事实此题为对号入座题。属于直接事实 理解。根据文章最后一段理解。根据文章最后一段“Dog owners didnt lose any more weight than those without

12、 dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall. . . ”可可 知，狗的主人虽然没有比那些没有狗的人减肥明知，狗的主人虽然没有比那些没有狗的人减肥明 显，但是他们做了更多的运动，答案为显，但是他们做了更多的运动，答案为A项。项。 【答案】【答案】A 15 （2）是非判断题）是非判断题 此类试题多根据文章的一段或数段提问，考查考此类试题多根据文章的一段或数段提问，考查考 生在现实生活中的阅读技能，即快速、准确寻找生在现实生活中的阅读技能，即快速、准确寻找 所需信息的能力。这种题目因为覆盖面较广，搜所需信息的能力。这种题目因为覆盖面较广

13、，搜 索定位时间较长，因而难度较大，容易给考生带索定位时间较长，因而难度较大，容易给考生带 来心理压力。因此考生遇到此类题型时，首先要来心理压力。因此考生遇到此类题型时，首先要 调整心理状态，冷静地返回到文章中去寻找答案。调整心理状态，冷静地返回到文章中去寻找答案。 在解题时可采取以下步骤：在解题时可采取以下步骤： 16 读懂题干和四个选项的内容，提炼和记忆它们的主读懂题干和四个选项的内容，提炼和记忆它们的主 要意思要意思; 带着问题去阅读文章，扫描和搜寻信息点，与题目带着问题去阅读文章，扫描和搜寻信息点，与题目 不相关的句子和语段很快掠过，相关信息语言区域则不相关的句子和语段很快掠过，相关信

14、息语言区域则 要放慢速度，细致地对照原文和选项提供的信息；要放慢速度，细致地对照原文和选项提供的信息； “对号入座对号入座”，找到解题范围后，立刻排除明显的干，找到解题范围后，立刻排除明显的干 扰项，然后扰项，然后“逐个突破逐个突破”，对余下的选项进行筛选，对余下的选项进行筛选， 使选项的范围越来越小，判断的准确率越来越高。使选项的范围越来越小，判断的准确率越来越高。 17 【考点二】【考点二】是非判断题是非判断题 (2010山东高考山东高考)Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he n

15、oticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin(胰岛素胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness and even death. And if that werent bad enough, he had no health insurance. 18 Af

16、ter a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided hed better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created diabeticrockstar. com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved onesa place where over

17、1, 100 people share personal stories, information and resources. 19 Q：Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas? A. He needs to go to the doctor every day. B. He studies the leading cause of diabetes. C. He has a positive attitude to his disease. D. He encourages diabetics by writing arti

18、cles. 20 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】由第一段第一句由第一段第一句“Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. ” 可知，他写作是在检查出得病之前的事，所以排除可知，他写作是在检查出得病之前的事，所以排除D 项；根据第二段第一句项；根据第二段第一句“After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided hed better find a

19、 way to fight back. ”以及下文的建立网站以及下文的建立网站可以看出，尽管他生可以看出，尽管他生 病，但对疾病他有着积极向上的态度。故病，但对疾病他有着积极向上的态度。故C项正确。项正确。 【答案】【答案】C 21 细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，若能根据细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，若能根据 题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便 可确定最佳答案。可确定最佳答案。 此类题目一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可此类题目一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案，但是不可 能与阅读材

20、料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型去表达相同能与阅读材料一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型去表达相同 的思想。例如：原文用双重否定，选项用肯定的句式的思想。例如：原文用双重否定，选项用肯定的句式; 进行同进行同 义词替换或句子结构的变换义词替换或句子结构的变换; 或原文与选项互换反义词等等。或原文与选项互换反义词等等。 然而这只是词语和句法上的变化，意思是一致的。同时要注意然而这只是词语和句法上的变化，意思是一致的。同时要注意 常见干扰项的特点，以免落入陷阱。常见干扰项的特点，以免落入陷阱。 22 【考点三】【考点三】语意转换题语意转换题 （2010广东高考）广东高考）When people h

21、andle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from

22、 growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. 23 People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are p

23、oisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. 24 Q：From Paragraph 5, we can learn that_. A. mushrooms should not be eaten B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals D. different types of food should be handled differentl

24、y 25 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】根据第五段，选项根据第五段，选项A说蘑菇不能吃，说蘑菇不能吃， 而文中是说野蘑菇不能被食用，所以错误；选项而文中是说野蘑菇不能被食用，所以错误；选项B 在文中未被提到；选项在文中未被提到；选项C说由于吃了本身有毒的食说由于吃了本身有毒的食 物而中的毒比化学物质导致的中毒更严重，这一物而中的毒比化学物质导致的中毒更严重，这一 点在第五段也没有提到；所以选项点在第五段也没有提到；所以选项D说不同类型的说不同类型的 食物应该用不同方法处理，是正确答案。食物应该用不同方法处理，是正确答案。 【答案】【答案】D 26 （4）逻辑排序题）逻辑排序题 逻辑排序题要求考生根据

25、动作发生的先后顺序逻辑排序题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序 和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确 顺序。此种题目要运用首尾定位法，最先判断顺序。此种题目要运用首尾定位法，最先判断 找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选 择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。 27 【考点四】【考点四】逻辑排序题逻辑排序题 （2011山东高考）山东高考）The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up

26、 the signals from the scalp(头头 皮皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. 28 Q：Which of the following show

27、s the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5? A. scalpcomputercapwheelchair B. computercapscalpwheelchair C. scalpcapcomputerwheelchair D. capcomputerscalpwheelchair 29 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】根据第五段可知，首先研究人员为用户设计一种根据第五段可知，首先研究人员为用户设计一种 特殊的帽子，它会捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑特殊的帽子，它会捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑 将这些信号进行分析翻译，给监控

28、下的机器人轮椅发出指令。将这些信号进行分析翻译，给监控下的机器人轮椅发出指令。 机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体，从而帮机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体，从而帮 助电脑对人脑的指令做出反应。故此处助电脑对人脑的指令做出反应。故此处C 项正确。项正确。 【答案】【答案】C 30 在含有图表识别题的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理在含有图表识别题的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理 解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的 直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试直观性，同时也暗含着

29、和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试 题的时候，一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些题的时候，一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些 事实是通过图片来叙述的，可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。事实是通过图片来叙述的，可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。 31 【考点五】【考点五】图形识别题图形识别题 （2009安徽高考）安徽高考） 32 Q：The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008，_. A. the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points B. the per

30、centage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged C. the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease D. the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase 33 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】由柱形图可以清楚地看出，拥有电脑的亚洲家庭由柱形图可以清楚地看出，拥有电脑的亚洲家庭 的数量急剧增加，其他三项表述都与图表不符，故的数

31、量急剧增加，其他三项表述都与图表不符，故D项正确。项正确。 【答案】【答案】D 34 此类题一般为直接年代、数字的对应查找，有时也会出现要求此类题一般为直接年代、数字的对应查找，有时也会出现要求 对年代或数字进行计算的考题。对前者，可根据文中信息较快对年代或数字进行计算的考题。对前者，可根据文中信息较快 地确定答案；对后者，首先要弄清题干是怎么问的，然后根据地确定答案；对后者，首先要弄清题干是怎么问的，然后根据 其内在的逻辑关系对年代和数字进行分析和计算，得出正确答其内在的逻辑关系对年代和数字进行分析和计算，得出正确答 案。在做此类题时，还要注意弄清单位之间的换算关系，避免案。在做此类题时，还

32、要注意弄清单位之间的换算关系，避免 出现计算错误。出现计算错误。 35 【考点六】【考点六】数字换算题数字换算题 （2010四川高考）四川高考）The three shipsthe MV Prantalay 11，12， and 14had 77 members on board in total. All of them are Thai, the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing，pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors. 36 Q： How many sailors were held by the pi

33、rates up to the time of the report? A. 228. B. 77. C. 383. D. 305. 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】根据倒数第二段的根据倒数第二段的“. . . had 77 members on board in total. ”和和 “Before the Sunday robbing, pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors. ”可知答案为可知答案为D项。项。 【答案】【答案】D 37 似是而非，不求甚解似是而非，不求甚解 Coming in a close secondand often wrongly me

34、ntioned as the most distant landis Easter Island, which lies 1, 260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2, 300 miles west of South America. 38 The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connect

35、ion with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1, 000 huge stone figures, called moai , for which the island is most famous. . . . 39 Q：Which of the following is most famous for moai? A. Tristan da Cunha. B. Pitcairn Island. C. Easter Island.

36、 D. St. Helena. 40 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】（1）分析题干可知，因）分析题干可知，因moai 而闻名的是一座岛而闻名的是一座岛 屿屿(the island)，因此解题的关键就在于找到上文最后一句话中，因此解题的关键就在于找到上文最后一句话中 the island 的具体所指。的具体所指。 （2）上文第一段，出现了两个岛的名字：）上文第一段，出现了两个岛的名字：Easter Island和和 Pitcairn Island，进一步分析句子结构可知，主语为，进一步分析句子结构可知，主语为Easter Island，而，而Pitcairn Island出现在出现在which引导的非

37、限制性定语从引导的非限制性定语从 句中，是和句中，是和Easter Island相邻的岛屿。相邻的岛屿。 41 所以下段中出现的所以下段中出现的The mountainous 64-square-mile island 和最后一句中的和最后一句中的the island指的也是指的也是Easter Island，故正确答案，故正确答案 为为C。 【答案】【答案】C 【名师点拨】【名师点拨】解答针对定语从句设置的细节题时，考生一定要解答针对定语从句设置的细节题时，考生一定要 认真分析句子结构认真分析句子结构, 联系上下文联系上下文, 弄清楚关系词所指代的对象，弄清楚关系词所指代的对象， 准确答题。

38、准确答题。 42 粗心大意，审题不严粗心大意，审题不严 Wang Hao, who won the mens doubles title with Chen Qi last Monday, played with spirit to beat Wang Liqin 11-9, 13-11, 11-5, 11-9. Wang Hao said it was his mental toughness that made the difference. “I was disappointed by my performances in past championships and the last

39、two Olympic Games. But I have tried to pull myself together and prepared well. This is the result. ” 43 Wang Hao said he had always understood the importance of physical training and technical skills. Now he knows the need for mental preparation as well. Having two Olympic silvers had left him feeli

40、ng bitter (痛苦的痛苦的). The bitterness perhaps explains why he has not always played at his best in the past. . . . 44 Q: From Wang Hao, we can know the main reason for his beating Wang Liqin is_ . A. his technical skills B. his physical training C. his mental toughness D. his past experience 45 【思路剖析】【

41、思路剖析】（1）根据原文）根据原文“Wang Hao said it was his mental toughness that made the difference. ”可知虽然在后续文可知虽然在后续文 章中也提到了章中也提到了his technical skills；his physical training；his past experience但都不是本题所要选择的正确答案。但都不是本题所要选择的正确答案。 （2）错选原因是没有抓住细节理解题的重点，审题不细，忽）错选原因是没有抓住细节理解题的重点，审题不细，忽 略了题干中的关键词略了题干中的关键词main。 【答案】【答案】C 46

42、 【名师点拨】【名师点拨】对于细节理解题的选项的选择，一定要理解题干，对于细节理解题的选项的选择，一定要理解题干， 找出题干中的找出题干中的关键词关键词，然后进行排除，以防以次代主，文不对，然后进行排除，以防以次代主，文不对 题。题。 47 自以为是，脱离原文自以为是，脱离原文 How do people climb the wall? To climb，you need special shoes and harness (保护带保护带) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes tied to your harness. The rope

43、s hold you in place so that you dont fall. A beginners wall is usually about 15 feet high，and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes its easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes， 48 its not. The most difficult is to co

44、ntrol your fear. Its normal for humans to be afraid of falling，so its difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall，the harness and the ropes hold you，and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top. . . . 49 Q: The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing i

45、s _. A. to tie ropes to your harness B. to control your fear C. to move away from the wall D. to climb straight up 【思路剖析】【思路剖析】从倒数第三句从倒数第三句“Its normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so its difficult not to feel fear. ”可知人们在攀可知人们在攀 墙时很难控制自己的恐惧。墙时很难控制自己的恐惧。 【答案】【答案】B 【名师点拨】【名师点拨】细节理解题可通过查读法进行理解，但

46、是答案的细节理解题可通过查读法进行理解，但是答案的 依据一定要忠实于原文，不能凭自己的主观感觉进行选择。依据一定要忠实于原文，不能凭自己的主观感觉进行选择。 50 二、解答技巧二、解答技巧 细节是围绕主题展开的，是对中心主题的进一步表达。细节是围绕主题展开的，是对中心主题的进一步表达。 细节题是针对原文提到的某个事物、现象或理论的考查。细节题是针对原文提到的某个事物、现象或理论的考查。 细节题细节题S S主要考查考生是否能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中主要考查考生是否能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中 获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。有些题获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。有些题

47、是考查原文细节本身，有些是考查某些细节在文中的意义。是考查原文细节本身，有些是考查某些细节在文中的意义。 细节题主要表现为以下几种：对事实细节的是非判断、年细节题主要表现为以下几种：对事实细节的是非判断、年 代和数字及其计算、事实细节排序等。代和数字及其计算、事实细节排序等。 51 根据细节理解题的考查特点，我们在解答细节理解题根据细节理解题的考查特点，我们在解答细节理解题 时通常采用以下解题技巧：时通常采用以下解题技巧： 1. 1. 信息验证法信息验证法 细节理解题多数是对具体信息的考查，我们可以将信细节理解题多数是对具体信息的考查，我们可以将信 息分为两类息分为两类直接信息和间接信息。直接

48、信息类的考题，直接信息和间接信息。直接信息类的考题， 其答案与原文中含有相关信息的句子在用词上几乎相同，其答案与原文中含有相关信息的句子在用词上几乎相同， 考生只需找到原文信息就能解决问题；而间接信息要复杂考生只需找到原文信息就能解决问题；而间接信息要复杂 一些，在原文中找不到与正确选项相近的词、句，选项信一些，在原文中找不到与正确选项相近的词、句，选项信 息往往与原文信息的表达形式不同。这就需要对原文相关息往往与原文信息的表达形式不同。这就需要对原文相关 信息认真理解，这个理解可能牵扯到对某一句话或某些句信息认真理解，这个理解可能牵扯到对某一句话或某些句 子的理解。考生在理解其意义时，一定要

49、捕捉到关键性的子的理解。考生在理解其意义时，一定要捕捉到关键性的 词，要认真、周全地考虑才能选出正确答案。词，要认真、周全地考虑才能选出正确答案。 52 (2009江西江西B)片段片段Why it happened As the paper burns, it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen (air) in the bottle. The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle, so no more air can get inside. This reduces the air pressure i

50、nside the bottle. The air pressure must equalize, so more air from outside must enter the bottle. The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle! This proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on us. 53 Q1: In the experiment the burning inside the

51、 bottle can _ . A. equalize the air pressure inside and outside B. make a seal in the neck of the bottle C. finish up the oxygen inside the bottle D. produce more oxygen inside the bottle 【解析】【解析】选选C。间接事实细节题。此段第一句。间接事实细节题。此段第一句“As the paper burns, it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen(air)in the bo

52、ttle. ”中没有运用与题干选项中相同的动词短语中没有运用与题干选项中相同的动词短语finish up（用光，耗尽），但是（用光，耗尽），但是use up（用尽，耗尽）与（用尽，耗尽）与finish up 意思重合。意思重合。 54 Q2: How did the egg get into the bottle? A. The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in. B. It became soft without the shell. C. The neck of the bottle was wide enough. D. The out

53、side air pressure forced it into the bottle. 【解析】选【解析】选D。直接事实细节题。根据此段倒数第二句。直接事实细节题。根据此段倒数第二句 “The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle! ”与选项与选项D “The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle. ”句意完全重合。句意完全重合。 55 2. 排除法排除法 （2009陕西陕西A）片段）片段It was the firs

54、t snow of winteran exciting day for every child but not for most teachers. Up until now, I had been old enough to dress myself, but today I would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher, had been through first snow days many times, but I think she may still remember this one. 56 I ma

55、naged to get into my wool snow trousers. But I struggled with my jacket because it didnt fit well. It was a hand-me-down from my brother, and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlay

56、son help me with my boots（靴子）（靴子）. 57 Q: The little girl was more satisfied with her _ . A. trousers B. jacket C. boots D. hat 【解析】选【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据题干可知，四个选项中有。细节理解题。根据题干可知，四个选项中有 “三错一对三错一对”，从此处第二段可知：小女孩穿衣服时，从此处第二段可知：小女孩穿衣服时，“I managed to get into my wool snow trousers. ”, “But I struggled with my ja

57、cket because it didnt fit well. ”及及 “Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots”这几句分别反映对这几句分别反映对trousers, jacket和和boots的不满的不满 意，可排除这三项，从第二段第四句意，可排除这三项，从第二段第四句“At least my hat and scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. ”可知，对选项可知，对选项 中的中的hat较为满意。较为满意。 58 1. 排除法就是根据文中信息，排除与文

58、中信息不符的干扰排除法就是根据文中信息，排除与文中信息不符的干扰 项。在做题时，要根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到相项。在做题时，要根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到相 关句、段的内容，仔细对照，将不符合原文意义的选项排关句、段的内容，仔细对照，将不符合原文意义的选项排 除，反之则是正确选项。除，反之则是正确选项。 2. 排除法尤其适合于解答排除法尤其适合于解答“三对一错三对一错”或或“三错一对三错一对”类类 的是非判断题。依据原文去理解和确定选项，就是说要把的是非判断题。依据原文去理解和确定选项，就是说要把 选项内容与原文内容进行对比分析，判断是否符合文章内选项内容与原文内容进行对比分析，判断

59、是否符合文章内 容所叙述的事实细节，然后确定答案。容所叙述的事实细节，然后确定答案。 59 3. 首尾定位法首尾定位法 (2010福建福建A)F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Al

60、abama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her. 60 His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could not share it even with the person dearest to me but had to