北京市海淀区2019届高三下学期期末练习(二模)英语试题 含答案

1、海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习英语2019.05本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。atome,themostbeautifulthingistheocean.itisbeautifulbecauseithasacalmingeffect.when1(listen)tothesoundofthewav

2、es,ifeelpeaceful.2theageof10,iwenttothebeachforthefirsttime.withmyfeetinthewater,ifelttotallyrelaxed,andthesoundoftheoceanreally3(comfort)me.fromthenon,ioftendreamoffloatingintheocean,feelingcarefree.bdiscoveringyourselfplays4importantroleininspiringyourconfidence.bydoingso,youcouldknow5youareweakin

3、.andyoumayalsorealizeyourequiteagreatpersonwithgreatstrengths.sowhenyoureinahardsituation,youwillbelievein6(you)andspendthemostdifficulttimewithconfidence.otherwiseyoumaygiveupandthenloseeverything.therefore,theability7(trust)yourselfwilldecideyourfuturealot.ctheyear2018marksthe40thanniversaryofchin

4、asreformandopening-up.thepastfourdecadeshasseenchinashiftitssocietyfromafarmerscommunitytoadigitalculture8(successful).undertheleadershipofcpc,many9(achievement)canbeseenineveryfield.thelifeofthechinesepeoplehasimproved,withmillionsofpeoplebeingliftedoutofpoverty.thecountrynowhastheworlds10(large)hi

5、gh-speedrailnetwork.andwitharound800millioninternetusers,chinahasbecometheworldsfastest-growingonlineshoppingmarket.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。iwasstudyingchemistryatcollegebecausemyfamilythoughtitwasthekeytosuccess.oneday,myprofessortookmeasideanda

6、skedaverysimplequestion,“whyareyouinmyclasswhenitsobviousthatyouhavelittleorno11inchemistry?”icameupwithanexplanationby12pressurefrommydad,butheknewitwasjusta/an13excuse.hegavemethefollowingadvice.“successcanonlybemeasuredbyoneself,andeachofusis14.yoursuccesswillnotbethesameasmine,asyourneighborsory

7、ourparents.thereisnosecretformula(公式),noexaminationyouhaveto15,andnoguarantee,butthereisasecretingredient16.tobesuccessfulinlifeinthebroadestsense,youmustpursueyourpassion.17itisfixingcarsorexploringtheworld,youmustbepassionateaboutyour18andsetapathtoachieveit.onlythenwillyoufindtrue19.”sinceiwasjus

8、tnineteenyearsold,thatwasprettyprofoundadviceto20,butiknewinstinctively(本能地)thathewas21.imadeaconsciousself-examinationofmyshortlifeto22wheremypassionwashiding.itwasso23thatevenmykidsistercouldhavetoldmemytruepassionwasmusic.itwasinmygenes.icouldplaythepianobyear,buthad24consideredmusicasahobby.coul

9、dibeasuccessfulmusician?orasongwriter?oramusiccritic?therewasonlyonewaytofindout,soitookmyprofessors25andswitchedtotheuniversitysmusicschool.istudiedharmonyandcomposition,learnedhowtoplayaclarinet(单簧管)and26thesymphonyorchestra.ifeltasthoughiwasontopoftheworld,andthat27hasneverleftme.imnowfifty-foury

10、earsold,andaveryhappyand28man.asilookatthewallsofmysmalloffice,istillgetathrillatsymphonyorchestraseeingtherecordsi29,thephotosofthefamousmusiciansiwasluckyenoughtoplaywith,andthepraisesfrommanyofthefinestinstrumentalistsintheworldwhoiamhonoredtocallmyfriends.lifewasalongjourney,andnota/an30one,buti

11、followedmypassionandsucceeded.11.a.achievementb.doubtc.interestd.belief12.a.blamingb.gatheringc.overcomingd.reducing13.a.accurateb.weakc.directd.innocent14.a.differentb.perfectc.honestd.creative15.a.designb.passc.controld.stand16.a.knowledgeb.confidencec.passiond.effort17.a.unlessb.becausec.whiled.w

12、hether18.a.studyb.needc.goald.gift19.a.fortuneb.friendshipc.characterd.happiness20.a.confirmb.absorbc.rememberd.seek21.a.sensitiveb.generousc.kindd.right22.a.chooseb.reportc.discoverd.follow23.a.likelyb.obviousc.populard.practical24.a.onlyb.evenc.neverd.seldom25.a.messageb.lecturec.adviced.view26.a.

13、helpedb.startedc.hostedd.joined27.a.feelingb.experiencec.expressiond.appreciation28.a.independentb.patientc.braved.contented29.a.boughtb.madec.receivedd.copied30.a.easyb.goodc.ordinaryd.safe第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aeveryoneatpacsafeisalways

14、eagertogetoutintheworldandenjoynewcultures,food,andexperiences.withthatinmindweaskedafewofourtoptravelbugsfortheirbesttraveldestinationrecommendationsfor2019.theyalsoincludedtheirfavoritepacsafebagtotakeonthetrip.enjoyandhopefullygetsomeideasforyourownglobe-trottingadventure.srilanka-alisonhanko,glo

15、balmarketingdirectorimgoingtosrilankathissummerholidayandcantwait.itsclosetohongkongwhereiliveandivealwayswantedtogo.thefoodissupposedtobeamazing.itseemsreallyrelaxingandireallywanttodothekandytobadullatrainride,whichlooksjuststunning.wevebookedagoodmixofbeaches,sometimeinasafaritenttohopefullyseeel

16、ephantsinthewild.formybag,illmostlikelytakethequiksilver40lpackbecauseithasthebuilt-inwetpackformybikinis.itsalsoagreatsizeforaweek-longtripinawarmclimate.japan-benbarras,creativedirectorjapanisdefinitelymybesttraveldestinationrecommendation.theculture,thestreets,thearchitecture,theinspirationyouget

17、fromallofthatisamazing.thefoodisalsofascinating.itswhereimmostplanningtogo.tokyoobviously,butalsovisitingthemountains.youcangosnowboarding,whichihaventdoneforyears.ihaveavibe25lbackpackwhichyoucanpackalotin.thethingilikemostaboutitisthatitscompact,butstillfitsplentyin.illpairthatupwithalargertravelb

18、agfortherestofmythingsandusethebackpacktogetarounddaytoday.berlin-philhayes,executivevpofglobaldesignforme,itsdefinitelyberlin.imparticularlyexcitedaboutthefashion,whichihearisprettyfullon.alsotheartgalleriesandhistory.food,nightlife.everythingiveheardaboutberlinisprettycool,soimgoingtosuckasmuchasi

19、canoutofit.worldsglobalstylenetworkhadtheberlinshoppinglistthatcameoutrecently,soimgoingtofollowthatthroughaswell.bagwise,itwillbethequiksilverxcollabbag.itsthe25lanti-theftbackpack.itsnormallymygo-tobagforcityatripsbecauseitssupereasytolockontheplaneandinbars,anditsjusttherightmountofspace.31.which

20、ofthepacsafebagisagoodchoiceforbeachtravel?a.thequiksilver40lpack.b.thevibe25lbackpack.c.thequiksilverxcollabbag.d.25lanti-theftbackpack.32.ifyouareinterestedinfashion,whichdestinationshouldyouchoose?a.srilanka.b.japan.c.hongkong.d.berlin.33.whatcanyouenjoyinallthethreeplacesmentioned?a.beautifulbea

21、ches.b.amazingfood.c.fascinatingart.d.coolsnowboarding.34.themainpurposeofthepassageisto_.a.sharepersonaltravellingexperiencesb.offerpracticaltipsontakingadventurec.presentculturesindifferentcountriesd.recommendfavorabletraveldestinationsbonmarch25,2010,kateanddavidheardthewordseveryparentdreads:the

22、irnewbornwasntgoingtomakeit.theirtwinsagirlandaboywereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundseach.doctorshadtriedtosavetheboyfor20minutesbutsawnoimprovement.hisheartbeatwasnearlygone,andhedstoppedbreathing.thebabyhadjustmomentstolive.“isawhimgasp(喘息),butthedoctorsaiditwasnou

23、se,”katetoldthedailymailfiveyearslater.“iknowitsoundsstupid,butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasasignoflife.iwasntgoingtogiveupeasily.”still,thecoupleknewthiswaslikelyagoodbye.inanefforttocherishherlastminuteswiththetinyboy,kateaskedtoholdhim.“iwantedtomeethim,andforhimtoknowus,”katetoldtoday.“wedresigned

24、ourselvestothefactthatweweregoingtolosehim,andwewerejusttryingtomakethemostofthoselast,preciousmoments.”kateunwrappedtheboy,whomthecouplehadalreadynamedjamie,fromhishospitalblanketandaskeddavidtotakehisshirtoffandjointheminbed.thefirst-timeparentswantedtheirsontobeaswarmaspossibleandhopedtheskin-to-

25、skincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.theyalsotalkedtohim.“weweretryingtopersuadehimtostay,”katetoldthedailymail.“weexplainedhisnameandthathehadatwinthathehadtolookoutforandhowhardwehadtriedtohavehim.”thensomethingmiraculoushappened.jamiegaspedagainandthenhestartedbreathing.finally,hereachedforhisfath

26、ersfinger.thecoupleslostboyhadmadeit.“weretheluckiestpeopleintheworld,”davidtoldtoday.eightyearslater,jamieandhissister,emily,arehappyandhealthy.thecoupleonlyrecentlytoldthekidsthestoryoftheirbirth.“emilyburstintotears,”katesaid.“shewasreallyupset,andshekepthuggingjamie.thiswholeexperiencemakesyouch

27、erishthemmore.”35.whatcanwelearnaboutthenewbornbabies?a.theboyshearthadstoppedbeating.b.theboywas2minutesolderthanthegirl.c.thetwinswereborn14weeksbeforetheduedate.d.thetwinswereexpectedtoliveforonly20minutes.36.whenthecoupleknewtheywouldlosetheboy,they_.a.beggedthedoctortosavehimb.tookhisshirtoffan

28、dthenputhiminbedc.wrappedhimwithhisblankettokeephimwarmd.talkedtohimandmadeclosephysicalcontactwithhim37.whatsthebesttitleforthepassage?a.thepowerofhug.b.themiracleoflove.c.thebondbetweentwins.d.theresponsibilityofparents.citscommonknowledgethatthewomaninleonardodavincismostfamouspaintingseemstolook

29、backatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.butthiscommonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatananglethats15.4degreesofftotheobserversrightwelloutsideoftherangethatpeoplenormallybelievewhentheythinksomeoneislookingrightatthem

30、.inotherwords,saidthestudyauthor,horstmann,“shesnotlookingatyou.”thisissomewhatironic,becausetheentirephenomenonofapersonsgaze(凝视)inaphotographorpaintingseemingtofollowthevieweriscalledthe“monalisaeffect”.thateffectisabsolutelyreal,horstmannsaid.ifapersonisillustratedorphotographedlookingstraightahe

31、ad,evenpeopleviewingtheportraitfromananglewillfeeltheyarebeinglookedat.aslongastheangleofthepersonsgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,themonalisaeffectoccurs.thisisimportantforhumaninteractionwithon-screencharacters.ifyouwantsomeoneofftotherightsideofaroomtofeelthatapersonon-screenislookin

32、gathimorher,youdontcutthegazeofthecharactertothatsidesurprisingly,doingsowouldmakeanobserverfeellikethecharacterisntlookingatanyoneintheroomatall.instead,youkeepthegazestraightahead.horstmannandhisco-authorwerestudyingthiseffectforitsapplicationinthecreationofartificial-intelligenceavatars(虚拟头像)when

33、horstmanntookalonglookatthe“monalisa”andrealizedshewasntlookingathim.tomakesureitwasntjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“monalisa”onacomputerscreen.theysetarulerbetweentheviewerandthescreenandaskedtheparticipantstonotewhichnumberontherulerintersectedrmonalisasgaze.tocalculatetheang

34、leofmonalisasgazeasshelookedattheviewer,theymovedtherulerfartherfromoclosertothescreenduringthestudy.consistently,theresearchersfound,participantsjudgedthatthewomaninthe“monalisa”portraitwasnotlookingstraightatthem,butslightlyofftotheirright.sowhydopeoplerepeatthebeliefthathereyesseemtofollowtheview

35、er?horstmannisntsure.itspossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.ormaybethepeoplewhofirstcoinedtheterm“monalisaeffect”justthoughtitwasacoolname.38.itisgenerallybelievedthatthewomaninthepainting“monalisa”_.a.attractstheviewerstolookbackb.seemsmyst

36、eriousbecauseofhereyesc.fixeshereyesonthebackoftheviewersd.looksattheviewerswherevertheystand39.whatgazerangeinapaintingwillcausethemonalisaeffect?a.b.c.15.415.415.4d.555515.440.theexperimentinvolving24peoplewasconductedto_.a.confirmhorstmannsbeliefb.createartificial-intelligenceavatarsc.calculateth

37、eangleofmonalisasgazed.explainhowthemonalisaeffectcanbeapplied41.whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?a.horstmannthinksitscooltocointheterm“monalisaeffect”.b.themonalisaeffectcontributestothecreationofartificialintelligence.c.feelingbeinggazedatbymonalisamaybecausedbythedesireforattention.d.thepositionofthe

38、rulerintheexperimentwillinfluencetheviewersjudgement.dwhatamessydesksaysaboutyouforsometime,psychologistshavebeenstudyinghowpersonalitytraitsaffecthealthandhealth-relatedchoices.notsurprisingly,theyhavefoundthatpeopleblessedwithinnateconscientiousness,meaningthattheyareorganizedandpredictable,typica

39、llyeatbetterandlivelongerthanpeoplewhoaredisorderly.theyalsotendtohaveimmaculateoffices.whathasbeenlesscleariswhetherneatenvironmentscanproducegoodhabitseveninthosewhoarentnecessarilyinnatelyconscientious.tofindout,researchersattheuniversityofminnesotaconductedaseriesofexperiments.inthefirstexperime

40、nt,theyrandomlyassignedagroupofcollege-agestudentstospendtimeintwoofficespaces,oneofwhichwasveryneat,theotherwildlycluttered(乱堆)withpapersandotherwork-relatedstuff.thestudentsspenttheirtimefillingoutquestionnairesunrelatedtothestudy.after10minutes,theyweretoldtheycouldleavewithanappleorachocolatebar

41、.thosestudentswhosatintheorderlyofficeweretwiceaslikelytochoosetheappleasthosewhosatamongthemess.asecondexperiment,however,foundthatworkinginchaoshasitsadvantages,too.inthisone,collegestudentswereplacedinamessyoraneatofficeandaskedtodreamupnewusesforping-pongballs.thoseinmessyspacesgeneratedideastha

42、tweresignificantlymorecreative,accordingtotwoindependentjudges,thanthoseinofficeswherestacksofpapersandotherobjectswereneatlyarranged.theresultsweresomethingofasurprise,saysdr.vohs,theleaderofthestudy.fewpreviousstudiesfoundmuchvirtueindisorder.thebrokenwindowtheory,proposeddecadesago,holdsthatevens

43、lightdisorderandneglectcanencourageindifferenceandpoordiscipline.butinthestudybydr.vohs,disorderedofficesencouragedoriginalityandasearchfornovelty.inthefinalportionofthestudy,adultsweregiventhechoiceofaddingahealth“boost”totheirlunchtimesmoothiethatwaslabeledeither“new”or“classic.”thevolunteersinthe

44、messyspacewerefarmorelikelytochoosethenewone;thoseinthetidyofficegenerallychosetheclassicversion.“disorderlyenvironmentsseemtoinspirebreakingfreeoftradition,”dr.vohsandherco-authorsconcludeinthestudy,“whichcanproducefreshinsights.”theimplicationsofthesefindingsarealsopractical.“myadvicewouldbe,ifyou

45、needtothinkoutsidetheboxforafutureproject”,dr.vohssays,“thenlettheclutterriseandfreeyourimagination.butifyourprimarygoalistoeatwellortogotothegym,pickuparoundyourofficefirst.bydoingthis,thenaturallymessycanacquiresomeofthedisciplineoftheconscientious.”42.theunderlinedword“immaculate”inparagraph1prob

46、ablymeans_.a.messyb.tidyc.terribled.comfortable43.whichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthebrokenwindowtheory?a.chaosbegetschaos.b.misfortunemaybeanactualblessing.c.badnewshaswings.d.whenadoorshuts,awindowopens.44.whichofthefollowingwilldr.vohsprobablyagreewith?a.morevirtueexistsinorganizedpeople.b.creat

47、ivityresultsfromtidinessanddiscipline.c.disorderlysurroundingshelptocreatenewideas.d.workersgoodhabitsguaranteethesuccessofaproject.45.whatcanweconcludefromthestudyresults?a.thenaturallyneatpeopletendtobeverycreative.b.amessyofficewillcausequitelowworkingefficiency.c.environmentscanaffectpeopleswayofthinkin