英语毕业论文正文模板

1、chapter 1introduction上空一行，一级标题居中，三号，加粗，标题名称换行，与正文空一行。introduction中不设二级标题论文正文要有页眉、页脚！as a common phenomenon, languages borrowed from each other. english as a cosmopolitan language is one of the most colorful languages in the world. the lexicological system of english becomes more open to loanwords in

2、 acceptance and usage. during the long process of english development, chinese loanwords in english have a history of over 1,000 years. chinese loanwords have played a great role in the development of english. nowadays, more frequent contacts of languages in the international society occur than ever

3、 before. chapter 2 literary review2.1 definition of loanwords二级标题左顶格，四号字，加粗。 “adoption of a linguistic expression from one language into another language, usually when no term exists for the new object, concept, or state of affairs”(bussmann,2000).引文较短时引用格式如此2.2 brief history of the chinese loanword

4、s in englishloaning as a historic-linguistic phenomenon has existed between chinese and english for more than one thousand years. according to the history of chinas development, we can separate the whole history into three periods.2.2.1 the first period of borrowingqin dynasty to the middle of ming

5、dynastythe earliest direct contact between china and britain was dated back to 1637 when the british ship reached and dealt with tea. previous to 1637, chinese and british contact was mainly conducted through the third countries, and chinese language influence on english was limited. that is, the ea

6、rly halliday and hasan (1985) have defined register as a configuration of meanings that is typically associated with a particular situational configuration of field, tenor and mode and recognized as three features of the context of situation: field of discourse, mode of discourse and tenor of discou

7、rse, which are defined as follows:引文较长的情况格式如此 1. the field of discourse refers to what is happening and to the nature of the social action that is taking place. what is it that the participants are engaged in, in which the language figures as some essential components?2. the tenor of discourse refer

8、s to who is taking part and to the nature of the participants: their status and roles. what kind of role relationship is obtained among the participants, including permanent and temporary relationships of one kind or another; the types of speech roles that both of them are taking on in the dialogue

9、and the whole cluster of socially significant relationships in which they are involved.3. the mode of discourse refers to what part the language is playing. what is it that the participants expect the language to do for them in the situation: the symbolic organization of the text, the status that it

10、 has, and its function in the context, including the channel (is it spoken or written or some combination of the two?) and also the rhetorical mode (what is being achieved by the text in terms of such categories as persuasive, expository, didactic, and the like?) (halliday & hasan, 1985: 38)field is

11、 the kind of language use which reflects the social function of the text. it refers to the type of social activity in which language plays a part. table 1 文中的图表格式如此 the principal items functioning as mood adjunct (halliday, 2000: 82-83)typeexamplespolaritynot, yes, no, soprobabilityprobably, possibl

12、y, certainly, perhaps, maybeusualityusually, sometimes, always, never, ever, seldom, rarelyreadinesswillingly, readily, gladly, certainly, easilyobligationdefinitely, absolutely, possibly, at all costs, by all meanstimeyet, still, already, once, soon, justtypicalityoccasionally, generally, regularly

13、, mainly, for the most partobviousnessof course, surely, obviously, clearlyintensityjust, simply, merely, only, even, actually, really, in factdegreequite, almost, nearly, scarecely, hardly, absolutely, totally, utterly, entirely, completelychapter 3source languages of chinese loanwords in english3.

14、1 english words borrowed from chinese dialectschinese dialects affect the chinese-english loaning process. there are five major dialect groups 3.1.1 english words borrowed from mandarinas the standard dialect, mandarin contributes the largest number of lexical items to english. the borrowing from ma

15、ndarin is not conducted from a single field but from several fields that represent chinese culture. mandarinfigure 1: man-nature orientationsubjugation harmony mastery to nature with nature of naturechapter 6conclusionin the contact with chinese-speaking group, english-speaking group have borrowed s

16、ome lexicons from the chinese language bibliography1. beeston, 英文参考文献用times new roman, 小四号，1.5倍行距a. f. l. the arabic language today英文书名用斜体 m. london: hutchinson university library. 1970.2. bell, r. translation and translating: theory and practice m. beijing: foreign language teaching and research pr

17、ocess. 2001.3. goulden, r., nation, p., & read, j. how large can a receptive vocabulary be? j. applied linguistics, 1990, 11(4): 341-363.4. kucera，h. the mathematics of language a. in the american heritage dictionary (second ed.)c. boston: houghton mifflin, 1982.5. newmark, p. about translation m. b

18、eijing: forei中国出版社出版的外文书籍用其英文译名gn language teaching and research process. 2006.6. nida, e, a. language, culture, and translating m. shanghai: shanghai foreign language education process. 1993.7. nida, e, a. toward a science of translating m. shanghai: shanghai foreign language education process. 2004.8. 陈黎峰中文参考文献按首字拼音顺序排列，用小4号宋体，1.5倍行距. 金融英语术语的特点及其翻译j. 上海科技翻译, 2004(a)同一