否定转移的用法

1、否定转移的用法1) 将 think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine 等动词后面宾语从 句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯 定式。I don ” t think I know you.我想我并不认识你。I don ” t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。注意：若谓语动词为 hope, 宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。I hope you weren ” t ill.我想你没有生病吧。2) 将 seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。It doesn ” t seem th

2、at they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。It doesn ”t appear that we ” ll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。3) 有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。I don ” t remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not 否定动名词短语 having )It ” s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on th

3、e street.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。 )否定转移用法总结Deep Rising English kenny128 ( 2006-03-11 12:52 )有感于课文中一句话的理解）山东高唐一中 刘长友外研版的新课标英语课本第二册 Module 1 “Zhou ai （）p2 中有这样一句 话： I think I don t get these things because I take a lot of exercise and am very fit.不少有学有基础的学生， 其中包括一些老师， 对这一个句子中，

4、 该不该用否定转 移的句子，展开了激烈讨论。 下面我们有必要把有关否定转移的用法深入弄清之 后，再来回答这一问题。1在带宾语从句的复合句中， 如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测”等心理活动的动词时，否定谓语从句的 not 往往转移到主句， 成为“形式否定主句， 意义 否定从句”，这种语法现象就叫做否定转移。如：I don t think he will come this afternoon.我认为他今天下午不会来。I don t believe I have t

5、he pleasureof knowing you.很遗憾，我并不认识你。I don t guess that they have got married. 我猜他们还没有结婚。I don t expect they have finished the work.我料想他们还没有完成工作。I don t suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad.我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。I don t fee l you should go. 我觉得你不应该去。I didn t imagine t

6、hat Tom would help her. 我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。2主句中的谓语动词若与情态动词或状语连用时，不转移否定。I can t believe that they are married. 我真不敢相信他们结婚了。We cant believe that he turns an honest penny. 我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。You mustn t think he s an honest person. 你不可以认为他是一个诚实的人。I didn t ever suppose that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。但是，在带有 cant

7、和 couldn t的句子中，有时 cant和 couldn t带有否 定转移的含义。如：She cant seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.) 她似乎不能做这件事。3当 think 用在疑问句中时，不转移否定。Why do you think I can t change your note? 你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢？4由 knew, fear, mean, I am afraid等动词形式构成的宾语从句中，其否定词 not ，通常不进行否定转移。当然，这并不是说否定词 not 不能否定以上动词 形式，而是说否定宾语

8、从句和否定主句谓语动词的意思不同。试比较：He knew you wouldn t tell on him. 他知道你不会出卖他。He didn t know you should tell on him. 他没想到你竟会出卖他。I mean you didn t do it right. 我是说你做得不对。I don t mean you did it right. 我并不是说你做的对。I am afraid that he won t threaten me with death.恐怕他不会以死来威胁我。I am not afraid that he will threaten me wi

9、th death. 我不怕他以死来威胁我。5动词 hope 不可进行否定转移。I hope it won t snow. 我希望天不下雨。I hope she doesn t dislike the flowers. 我希望他不会讨厌（会喜欢）这些花。6在下列几种情况下， think 的宾语从句中的否定词通常不可前移到主句中：1）宾语从句中有固定短语，如 cant help, not at all, not only but also 等。I think everybody can t help laughing if they see it. 我认为，人们看到时会禁不住大笑。I think

10、she is not only beautiful but also kind. 我认为，她不仅漂亮，而且善良。2）宾语从句中 not 与 just, enough, quite, much等副词连用。如：I think you are not quite sure about it. 我认为，你们对这一点并不能完全肯定。I think she s not much like her mother. 我觉得，她不怎么像她的母亲。3）宾语从句中含有 no, nothing, never, nobody等。如：I think she has never been there. 我认为，她从未去过那

11、里。4）think 本身有其他词修饰或与其他动词构成并列谓语。如：I sometimes think he is not an honest man. 我有时认为她并不诚实。I do think you shouldnt hurt her.我的确认为你不该伤害她。I think and hope that I m not disturbing you so much.我认为，也希望，我不太打扰你。5) think 以过去时、完成时等出现，则不一定要求否定前移。如：I was thinking that he wouldn t succeed.我在想他不会成功。I thought you did

12、n t marry her. 我原以为你不会与她结婚。I had thought he wouldn t come. 我愿意为他不会来呢。但是，在现代英语中， 为了使语气柔和， 过去时态的句子中偶尔也可见到这种否 定转移。如：I don t think this m an would want to hurt me. 我想，这个人不会伤害我。6) think 的主语不是 I 或 we，而是其它人称。如：They think she will not come. 他们认为她不会来。7在现代英语中，下面两句都可以说：I don t think he will succeed.I think he

13、won t succeed.我认为他不会成功 我想，我们探讨完有关否定转移的用法之后， 师生就可为这句话的争议也该就此 为止了吧。 因为语言现象是变化多样的， 我们没有必要把所有的语言现象都要从 语法的角度去衡量， 而是应该从发展的角度对待现代语言， 只要在现实生活中真 实再现语言情景的句子， 不管它是否符合语法， 那都是合乎情理的。 毕竟语法是 为语言服务的，现实的句子是无法用全部语法来解释的分类归纳1 not+think ， believe ， suppose ， imagine +that clause （that 从句 ）在这种句式中， not 从宾语从句 的谓语动词的前面，转移到了主

14、句谓语 动词 think ， believe ， suppose 等的前面。即（否定前移）例如：e.g. ： Im sorry ，but I dont think I know you 对不起，我想我并不认识你。e.g. ： I dont believe hell come 我想他是不会来的。 这类句子后面的反意疑问句更能准确地说明 not 的否定范围。如：I dont think youve met Xiao Xin ， have you ？我想你没遇见小新，对吗？在初中 范畴，做这类否定转移的 反义疑问句 的窍门：例句： I dont think youve met Xiao Xin （改

15、成 反义疑问句 ）步骤 1：将否定转移掉，原句变为： I think you havent met Xiao Xin.步骤 2：把 I think 无视掉，原句变为： You havent met Xiao Xin .步骤 3：按照一般方法，后面加上： have you ?上述做题方法在初中范围内 95% 是能用的。2 not because （ of）这种结构中的 not 否定的是后面 because 引导的 从句 或 because of 引起的 介词 短语。 也就是说， not 从 because （ of）的前面转移到了主句或整个句子的 谓语动词 的前面。 例如：He was not

16、ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so他并不只是因为亚里士多德 说过某事如何如何，就轻易相信它。I didnt take a raincoat because it was raining我不是因为下着雨才带雨衣的。3not +动词不定式 或介词短语在这类结构中，我们实际上是将否定后面 不定式 的 not 转移到了 谓语动词 上。如：Jack does not seem to like you ( = Jack seems not to like you )杰克看来不喜欢你。He didnt take the boy

17、from the tracks to safety to win his own famebut to be nefit theboys parents 他把男孩从铁轨上抱到安全地带，不是为了获得个人的名誉，而是为了孩子的父母。He didnt come here by train 他不是乘火车来的。4.never knowYou never know how indebted I am for your kindest care and your warmest support.我非常感激你对我无微不至的关心和最强大的支持。形式与用法谓语的否定转移形式上否定主句的谓语，实际上是否定从句的谓语

18、当动词 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel的主语 是第一人称 、谓语动词 为没有任何副词修饰的 一般现在时 ，它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。 表示说话者提 出一种委婉的看法或主张。如：I think that he will help us. I don t think that he will help us.我认为它不会帮助我们。I believe that he is right. I don t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。I suppose that he likes it. I

19、don t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。2. 形式上否定 谓语动词 ，实际上否定 复合宾语当动词 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel, find的主语 是 第一人称 、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的 一般现在时 ，它们前面的否定式实际上是对 复合宾语 的否定。 表示 说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如：I think math difficult. I don t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。I find the story interesting. I don

20、t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有 趣。I expect so. I don t expect so. 我认为不会。状语的否定转移有些句子形式上否定谓语动词，实际上是对句子后面状语进行否定。如：Let s not talk about it here. 我们别在这里谈吧。Don t read in the sun. 不要在阳光下看书。Don t talk with your mouth full of food.不要口里含着食物说话。动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情况下，否定不转

21、移：(1) 这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时，如：I believe and hope he won t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。I feel and admit that we are not foolish.我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。(2) 用于疑问句 时，如：Do you think it is not going to rain?你认为天不会下雨吗？难道你不相信他做了一件好事？Don t you believe that he has done a good thing?(3) 用作 插入语 时，如：Li Lei, I think, won t b

22、e angry with you. 我想 李蕾 不会生你的气。Tom, I suppose, won t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。Mike, I believe, hasn t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。(4) 动词前有其他 副词 修饰时，如：I really think it s not necessary for us to go there now.我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。I feel strongly that he shouldn t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。(5) 动词为非 一般

23、现在时 或主语不是第一人称 时，如：I thought that he wouldn t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。She didn t believe that he became a good boy.她不相信他变成了一个好孩子。He thinks that he isn t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。He doesn t believe that what we told him is true.他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。(6) 当宾语从句中含的否定为 not at all, not a little, not a f

24、ew, not enough, can t help 等固定搭配时，如：I think that he doesn t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好，那么只记单词是不够的。I believe that you can t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in th

25、e Olympic Games.我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。(7) 当宾语从句中含 no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定词或半否词时，如：我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。I believe that nothing can make me give it up.I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea.我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话，那么谁也逃不掉。I suppose that he is a man of f

26、ew words.我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。经典例句1在带宾语 从句 的 复合句 中，如果主句的 谓语动词 是 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine 等表示“观点、 信念、 推测”等心理活动的动词时， 否定谓语从 句的 not 往往转移到主句，成为“形式否定主句， 意义否定从句”，这种语法现象就叫做否 定转移。如：I don t think he will come this afternoon.我认为他今天下午不会来。I don t believe I have the pleasure of knowin

27、g you.很遗憾，我并不认识你。I don t guess that they have got married.我猜他们还没有结婚。I don t expect they have finished the work.我料想他们还没有完成工作。I don t suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad.我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。I don t feel you should go.我觉得你不应该去。I didn t imagine that Tom would help her.

28、我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。2主句中的 谓语动词 若与情态动词 或状语 连用时，不转移否定。I can t believe that they are married.我真不敢相信他们结婚了。We can t believe that he turns an honest penny.我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。You mustn t think he s an honest person.你不可以认为他是一个诚实的人。I didn t ever suppose that they were happy.我并不认为他们是幸福的。但是，在带有 can t 和 couldn t 的句子中，有时 ca

29、n t 和 couldn 的含义。如：She can t seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.)她似乎不能做这件事。3当 think 用在 疑问句 中时，不转移否定。Why do you think I can t change your note?你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢？4由 knew, fear, mean, I am afraid 等动词形式构成的宾语从句中，其 常不进行否定转移。 当然，这并不是说 否定词 not 不能否定以上动词形式， 从句和否定主句 谓语动词 的意思不同。试比较：He knew you wou

30、ldn t tell on him.他知道你不会出卖他。He didn t know you should tell on him. t 带有否定转移否定词 not ，通 而是说否定宾语他没想到你竟会出卖他。I mean you didn t do it right.我是说你做得不对。I don t mean you did it right. 我并不是说你做的对。I am afraid that he won t threaten me with death. 恐怕他不会以死来威胁我。I am not afraid that he will threaten me with death. 我不怕他以死来威胁我。5动词 hope 不可进行否定转移。I hope it won t snow. 我希望天不下雨。I hope she doesn t dislike the flowers. 我希望她不会讨厌(会喜欢)这些花。 6在下列几种情况下， think 的宾语从句中的 否定词 通常不可前移到主句中： 1) 宾语从句中有 固定短语 ，如 can t help, not at all, not only but also