[英语考试]00到10年专四词汇和语法真题及答案详解

1、0041. acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorm s long before people_.a. do b. hear c. do them d. hearing it灵敏的听觉使得许多动物能够先于人类感觉到雷雨的到来。动词用法题do 代替 sense the approach of thunderstorm42. this is an illness that can result in total blindness _ left untreated.a. after b. if c. si

2、nce d. unless这是一种不加治疗就会导致完全失明的疾病连词用法if 引导状语“假如”43.the central provinces have floods in some years, and _.a. drought in others b. droughts are others c. while other droughts d. others in drought中部各省连年来不是洪涝就是旱灾句子结构and 后平行结构省掉 have44.do help yourself to some fruit,_ you?a. cant b. dont c. wouldnt d. wo

3、nt吃些水果，好吗？反义疑问 祈使句+反义疑问will you, wont you, would you45.there_ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be没有什么新的话题讨论，会议提前半小时就结束了独立主格 there being 做状语：as there was46.my mother cant get _ because she has rheumatism (风湿病).a. about

4、b. on c. through d. in妈妈因为患风湿而不能到处走动 动词短语 a：四处走动 b:进步，进展，年事渐高 c：到达，完成，通过 d:到达，当选47. i was very much put _ by marks rude behavior; it really annoyed me.a. over b. off c. up d. by我对马克的粗鲁行为感到非常反感，那的确另我生气动词短语 a:向某人传达，沟通b:使某人不高兴，延期c:提供食宿，建立d:存钱以备未来之需48.you _ jim anything about it. it was none of his busi

5、ness.a. neednt have told b. neednt tell c. mustnt have told d. mustnt tell你不必对吉姆谈及这事，这根本不关他的事虚拟neednt have done 已经做过但没必要的事49.all of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ q uite such a crowd of people there.a. werent b. hasnt been c. hadnt been d. wouldnt be如果不是人太多的话，这次聚会我们会更尽兴虚拟 would

6、have done：与过去事实相反，从句：had done50. firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _ quality control can be substantially reduced.a. whose b. as c. what d. that用电脑后发现，这能大大减少对指尖人员的需求语法结构 that在定从中做主语，同时指代the number of staffas 引导的话，先行词要用such 或the same 修饰51. _ at in this way, the present econ

7、omic situation doesnt seem so gloomy.a. looking b. looked c. having looked d. to look从这点来看，经济状况不像看上去那么糟非谓语动词 分词作状语 动宾关系用过去分词表被动52. many people are _ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.a. insensitive b. allergic c. sensible d. infected有些人对昆虫的叮咬过敏，有的甚至还要去医院a:感觉迟钝的b：对过敏的c：明智的d：使某人传染感

8、染53.when youre driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right _.a.way b.track c.road d.lane在快车道驾驶时，必须在记号指明的车道行驶a：道路b：车辆行人留下的踪迹c道路d用白线画出的车道54.the motorist had to _to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.a. swerve b. twist c. depart d. swing司机突然

9、转向，以避免撞到站在路中央的老妇人a突然转向b扭，拧c离开出发d摇摆，摆动55.in winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from _ on icy roads.a. skating b. skidding c. sliding d. slipping冬天司机很难避免车在结冰的路上打滑a滑冰b打滑c在光滑的表面上滑行滑动d失足滑倒56.this project would _ a huge increase in defense spending.a. result b. assure c. entail d. accomplish这

10、个项目比人牵涉到国防开支的剧增a与in连用，导致b保证担保c必须伴有，带来d完成57.the chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are _ indeed.a. distant b. slim c. unlikely d. narrow这些不幸事件重复的几率其实是非常小的a遥远的b微小的c不太可能的d狭窄的58.we should make a clear _ between competent and proficient for the purposes of our discussion.a. separation b.

11、 division c. distinction d. diffe rence便于讨论，我们应给胜任和精通划清界限a分离分开b分界线c区别d make difference区别对待59.in the present economic _ we can make even greater progress than previously.a. air b. mood c. area d. climate 在当前经济环境下，我们可以取得比以前更大的进步a空气b清楚c区域，地区d风气，倾向，思潮60.rite of passage is a good novel by any standards;_

12、, it should rank high on any list of science fiction.a. consistently b. consequently c. invariably d. fortunatelya一贯的b因此，所以c不变的，总是d幸运的61.the diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly_ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.a. exploited b. controversia

13、l c. inexhaustible d. remarkable这个地区多样性的热带植物似乎能提供取之不尽的原材料，但是只有一小部分得以利用a开拓的，开发的b争论的c用之不竭的d非凡的，显著的62.while he was in beijing, he spent all his time _ some import ant museums and buildings.a. visiting参观 b. traveling c. watching d. touring63.you must let me have the annual report without _fail_ (一定)by t

14、en ocl ock tomorrow morning.a. failure b. hesitation c. trouble d. fail64.as the director cant come to the reception, im _representing the c ompanya. on his account b. on his behalf c. for his part d. in his interesta为了某人的缘故b代表c就某人而言d为的利益65. dreams are_ in themselves, but when combined with other da

15、ta, they can tell us much about the dreamer.a. uninformative b. startling c. harmless d. uncontrollablea不能传递信息的b令人吃惊的c无害的d无法控制的66.if i hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you_ nowa. wouldnt be smiling b. couldnt have smiled c. wont smile d.didnt smile错综虚拟 67. the project_ by the

16、 end of 2000 will expend the citys telephone network to cover 1000000 users.a.accomplished b.being accomplished c.to be accomplished （不定式表将来完成）d.having being accomplished68.the house was very quiet,_ as it was on the side of a mountaina.isolated b.isolating c.being isolated d.having been isolated前置表

17、强调，动宾关系69.it must not be fine tomorrow, in _case well have to put the trip offa. this b.which c.that d.whose非限制定语从句70. the injured customer_a lawsuit after falling in the storea.commenced b.commeened c.commented d.commerceda开始b赞扬，推荐，委托c评论，解释d商业交易，贸易0141.i cant gofor one thing, i have no money, and_i

18、 have too much work.a. whatsmore b. as well c. for another d.in addition 我不能去，一则我没钱，再则我手头上的事情太多。whats more意为“更甚的是”；as well意为“也”；for one thingfor another意为“一则再则”；in addition“此外”。 42.even as a girl,_to be her life, and theater audiences were tobe her best teacher.a. performing by melissa wereb. it was

19、 known that melissas performances werec. knowing that melissas performances wered. melissa knew that performing was 即使在她还是一个小姑娘的时候，梅丽莎就知道表演将成为她的生活，戏剧观众将成为她最好的老师。从句子结构看，本句缺少表示某个人的主语。在这四个选项中，只有 as可充当表示某个人的主语，43._ him tomorrow?a. why not to call on b. why dont call onc. why not calling on d. why not ca

20、ll on何不明天再去看他呢?why not是习惯用法，其后直接跟动词原形，常用作建议，意思是“为什么不”。44.there is no doubt _the company has made the right decision on the sales project.a. whyb. thatc. whetherd. when 毫无疑问，该公司的销售计划是正确的。there is no doubt后面应接由that引导的主语从句45.intellect is to the mind _sight is to the body.a. whatb. asc. thatd.like智力对于大脑

21、，就像视力对于躯体一样。 “a is to b what c is to d” 46._i sympathize, i cant really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.a. as long asb. asc. whiled. even尽管我对此很同情，但我的确不能做太多的事情来帮他们摆脱困境【让步状语从句while意为“虽然”；as常引导原因状语从句；as long as意为“只要”；even意为“即使”。根据句意47.the patients progress was very encouraging as he c

22、ould _ get out of bed without help.a. nearlyb. hardlyc. merelyd. barely病人的情况好转让人感到鼓舞，因为他不用人帮忙也能勉强下床。can hardly和can barely意为“几乎不能”。nearly意为“几乎”；merely意为“仅仅”。根据句意，此处需要填表肯定性副词，48.he was_to tell the truth even to his closest friend.a. too much of a coward b. too much the coward c. a coward enough d. eno

23、ugh of a coward 他胆小得不敢向最要好的朋友说真话tooto是习惯用法，意为“太以至于不能”。根据句意，选项a为正确答案。49.barry had an advantage over his mother _he could speak french.a. since thatb. in thatc. at thatd. so that贝利比他母亲多具备一个优势，因为他会讲法语。in that意为“因为，既然”，是一个表弱原因关系的连词，一般用于书面语50.you neednt worry _ regards the cost of the operation.a. withb.

24、 whichc. asd. about 你不必担心手术费用as regards意为“关于，在方面，至于”等意思。51._ is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. to be not tall b. not to be tallc. being not tall d. not being tall在生活中，个子长不高并非一个十分严重的不利条件非谓语动词 本题是不定式或分词的否定形式作主语，其正确形式应分别是not to be和not being。当分词作主语时，短语若需否定，否定词应放在动名词前。根据句意，该题应选分词作主语，52.during the

25、famine, many people were _ to going without food for days.a. sunkb. reducedc. forcedd. declined在饥荒中，许多人沦落到数日无饭可吃的地步。reduce与介词 to搭配，意为“使陷入不良境遇”；sink意为“下沉；倒下”； force意为“迫使”，常带有主观色彩，受某种主观力量的驱使；declined意为“衰落；降低”。 53.the computer can be programmed to _a whole variety of tasks.a. assignb. tacklec. realized

26、. solve计算机可通过编程处理各种各样的任务。assign意为“分配”；tackle意为“着手处理，对付”； realize意为“意识到” solve意为“解决，解答”54.the teams efforts to score were _by the opposing goalkeeper.a. frustratedb. preventedc. discouragedd. accomplished 球队试图破门得分的努力因对方守门员而受挫。frustrated意为“受挫”；prevented意为“受阻止”，后接介词from；discouraged意为“使沮丧”，侧重于情绪； accomp

27、lished意为“完成”。55.i only know the man by_ but i have never spoken to him.a. chanceb. heartc. sightd. experience我只跟那个人面熟，但从未说过话。by chance意为“偶然”；by heart意为“用心”；know sb by sight意为“跟某人面熟”；by experience“通过经验”56.being colour-blind, sally cant make a _between red and green.a. differenceb. distinctionc. compa

28、risond. division由于是色盲，sally不能够区分红色和绿色。difference意为“差别；差异”，是指事物自身客观存在的差异； distinction意为“区别；分别”，指主观意识能够辨别客观存在的差异；comparison意为“比较”，指将两物放在一起进行对比的过程；division意为“分开；分配”，并不强调事物的差异和关联，只是一个简单的外部行为。57.you must insist that students give a truthful answer _ with the reality of their world.a. relevantb. simultane

29、ousc. consistentd. practical你必须要求学生给出真实的、与现实一致的答案。relevant与介词to搭配，意为“相关的”；simultaneous意为“同时发生的”；consistent 常构成短语be consistent with，意为“与一致，与共存的”； practical意为“实际的”。58. in order to raise money, aunt nicola had to _with some of her most treasured possessions.a. divide b. separate c. part d. abandon.为了筹集

30、资金， nicola姑姑不得不卖掉她的一些最珍爱的财物。divide意为“分割；分开”，侧重将一个整体分成几部分；separate意为“分开；分离”；part with sth.意为“放弃”，尤指并非出自自愿地放弃；abandon意为“放弃”，为及物动词。59. the car was in good working _when i bought it a few months agoa. order b. form c. state d. circumstance几个月前刚买时我那辆车性能正常。in order表示“按顺序，井然有序，处于良好(或正常工作)状态，合宜的”。in(good或ba

31、d)form一般指(运动员、赛马等)“处于良好(不好)竞技状态”。in good (working) order意为“处于良好的工作状态”。in a state在口语中表示“不整洁，凌乱；兴奋；焦急”等。60. the customer expressed her _for that broad hat.a. disapproval b. distaste c. dissatisfaction d. dismay那个顾客不喜欢那顶宽边帽。disapproval 与介词of搭配，意为“不赞成，反对”；distaste与介词for搭配，意为“不喜欢，厌恶”；dissatisfaction与介词wi

32、th搭配，意为“不满”；dismay与介词at 搭配，意为“灰心，沮丧”。 61. in order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be_.a. restless b. skilled c. strong d. versatile 农民要修粮仓，建篱笆，种庄稼，养牲畜，必须是个多面手。restless意为“得不到休息的”；skilled意为“有技能的，熟练的”；strong意为“强壮的”；versatile意为“多才多艺的，多面手”。句意可知，农民必须多才多

33、艺， 62. his expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in_to his income.a. comparisonb. proportionc. associationd. calculation与他的收入相比，他在度假和买豪华物品上的开支偏高了。in proportion to意为“与成比例”。comparison意为“比较”，常用于byin comparison with结构中，意为“与相比”；association意为“联系；合伙”，常用于in association with结构中，意为“与联系；与合伙”；calc

34、ulation意为“计算”。 63. although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money.a. economic b. thrifty c. frugal d. careful 尽管富裕了，他还是很节俭。 economic意为“经济的”，常用作定语，直接修饰中心词，不与介词搭配；thrifty意为“节俭的；节省的”，常与with搭配；frugal意为“节约的；俭朴的”，既可做前置定语，也可作表语，后与of搭配；careful意为“小心的”。 64. as the manager was away on a business

35、trip, i was asked to _the weekly staff meeting.a. preside b. introduce c. chair d. dominate由于经理出差，我受命主持每周的职工大会。preside和chair都可作“主持会议”讲，但preside需与介词at或over搭配使用，chair则可直接跟会议；introduce意为“介绍”；dominate意为“支配，控制”。 65. the _ of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from greek.a. origin b. generation

36、c. descent d. cause那个词的起源虽不为人所知，但肯定不是来自希腊语。origin意为“起源，开端”，往往与过去的活动、风俗、事件等有关；generation意为“产生，发生”； descent意为“祖籍，血统”； cause意为“原因，起因”。这里是说字母的起源，0241. she did her work_her manager had instructed.a. as b. until c. when d. though她按照经理的指示办事。as可做关系词引导方式状语从句；until和when都引导时间状语从句；though引导让步状语从句。根据句意，此处应用关系词引导方

37、式状语从句， 42. _of the twins was arrested, because i saw both at a party last night.a. none b. both c. neither d. all那对双胞胎都没被捕，因为我昨晚在一个晚会上看见了他指那对双胞胎都没被捕，所以可排除b、d项； none表示“没有(人或物)”，后常跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数形式；neither表示“(二者之中)哪个也不”，后跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式43. for some time now, world leaders_ out the necessity

38、 for agreement on arms reduction.a. had been pointingb. have been pointingc. were pointing d. pointed 一段时间以来，世界各国首脑一直在不断地指出达成武器裁减协议的必要性。时态由句中时间状语“for some time now”可知，这里要用现在完成时；选项b为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在， 44. have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot a

39、gree with him?a. by which b. that c. in where d. where 你是否经历过明知对方是正确的却不愿意同意其观点的场合呢？ 本句是一个同位语从句，先行词是situation，从句是对其内容的解释，此同位语从句只能用that引导45. weve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment,_should make great differences in our life next summer.a. which b. what c. that d. they 我们刚在套房里装了两台空调，明

40、年夏天的日子会大不一样。这是一个非限制性定语从句，此处缺少一个关系代词；由于该非限制性定语从句先行词是air-conditioners，所以关系代词应用which。46. aids is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been 据说艾滋病在过去的几年中对于那个地区的男女来说是头号杀手。非谓语动词由句中的时间状语“over the past few years”

41、可知动作发生在谓语动作之前，故应用不定式的完成式作宾语。47. she managed to save_she could out of her wages to help her brother.a. how little money b. so little moneyc. such little money d. what little money 她设法从工资中攒了如此少的钱来帮助她的哥哥。本句只能选what 用作关系形容词，表示“尽可能多地”。48. fool _jane is, she could not have done such a thing.a. who b. as c.

42、 that d.like 简再笨也不可能做这样的事在这四个选项中，只有as引导的让步状语从句可用倒装， 49. the experiment requires more money than_.a. have been put in b. being put inc. has been put in d. to be put in 该实验还需要投入更多资金。morethan这一结构中，than后面应跟动词原形，又因为主语是the experiment，所以谓语用单数， 50. _for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed

43、 the exam.a. had it not been b. hadnt it beenc. was it not d. were it not 要不是摔断了腿，她可能会通过考试的虚拟语气,此虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，条件从句应用had+过去分词，又由于这里是省略了if而将had提前的部分倒装句51.“what courses are you going to do next semester?”“i dont know. but its about time _on something.”a. i d decide b. i decided c. i decide d. i m deci

44、ding 下学期你打算修哪些课程？ 还不知道。不过该是作决定的时候了。虚拟语气its (about) time (that) 是虚拟语气句式，其谓语动词要用一般过去式52. the police have offered a large_ for information leading to the robbers arrest.a. award b. compensation c. prize d. reward为了得到任何有助于逮捕抢劫者的信息，警方开出了一大笔酬金。award意为“奖品，奖金”；compensation意为“补偿金”；prize意为“奖品，奖赏”； reward意为“报酬

45、，赏金”。53. i arrived at the airport so late that i _missed the plane.a. only b. quite c. narrowly d. seldom 我赶到机场的时候已经迟了，仅此片刻之差就错过了飞机。only意为“只不过，仅仅”； seldom意为“很少”，为频度副词；quite意为“完全，彻底”；narrowly修饰动词miss, lose等，意为“几乎，仅差一点”。54. the popularity of the film shows that the reviewers fears were completely_.a.

46、unjustified b. unjust c. misguided d. unaccepted 这部电影如此受欢迎，这说明影评家的担心是完全没有根据的。unjustified意为“没有理由的”；unjust意为“不公正的”； misguided意为“误入歧途的”；unaccepted意为“不被接受的”。55. the head of the museum was_and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.a. promising b. agreeing c. pleasing d. obliging 博物馆长非常热心，带我们参观了

47、古代的手抄本。promising意为“有希望的，有前途的”；agreeing不是形容词，用法错误；pleasing意为“令人喜爱的，使人愉快的”；obliging意为“乐于助人的，恳切的”。 56. the multinational corporation was making a take-over _for a property company.a. application b. bid c. proposal d. suggestion 那家跨国公司正提议接管一家地产公司。application意为“申请，请求”； bid意为“投票，报价”，make a bid for意为“出价买，企

48、图获得”； proposal意为“提议”； suggestion意为“建议”。 57. the party s reduced vote was _ of lack of support for its policies.a. indicative b. positive c. revealing d. evident 该党选票减少表明它的政策不受支持indicative意为“指示的，表明的”； positive意为“积极的”； revealing意为“暴露的，显露的”；evident意为“明白的，明显的”。 58. there has been a_ lack of communicatio

49、n between the union and the management.a. regretful b. regrettable c. regretting d. regretted 令人遗憾的是工会和管理层之间一直缺乏沟通regretful意为“遗憾的”，一般指某人；regrettable意为“令人遗憾的，可惜的”； regretting和regretted为分词形式，不能修饰名词。59. the teacher _expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.a. confidentially b. p

50、roudly c. assuredly d. confidently 这位老师满有把握地期待他的学生们通过大学入学考试。confidentially意为“机密地，保密地”； proudly意为“自豪地”；assuredly意为“无疑地，一定”；confidently意为“确信地，有把握地”60. the_family in chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.a. normal b. average c usual d. general 中国城市的普通家庭在住房上的开销比以前要多。normal意为“正常的，标准

51、的”； average意为“普通的，中等的”； usual意为“通常的”； general意为“一般性的，普遍的”。 61. the new colleague_to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.a. confesses b. declares c claims d. confirms 那位新同事声称他在进入我们公司之前在好几家大公司工作过。confess意为“承认”；declare意为“宣布”；claim意为“宣称，声称”；confirm意为“确认，证实”。 62. during t

52、he reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few_ from the novel.a. pieces b. essays c fragments d. extracts在阅读课上，老师要求学生读小说的摘录。piece指“张，件”；essays指“论文”；fragments指“碎片，片断”； extracts指“摘录，选录”。 63. during the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) _ room in the hotels here.a. empty

53、b. vacant c.free d. deserted 在暑假期间，旅馆里面是很难找到一间空房子的。empty指“空的”，强调房间里无物体；vacant意为“空着的，无人住的”；free指“免费的；空闲的”；deserted指“荒废的，（因被弃）无人住的”。 64. the old couple will never _the loss of their son.a. get over b. get away c get off d. get across这一对老夫妇永远不能从失去儿子的痛苦中恢复过来。get over意为“痊愈，恢复”，指恢复健康、快乐等；get away意为“逃走”，常与

54、from连用；get off意为“(使)不受惩罚，开脱”，常与with连用；get across意为“使人了解，使人明白”。 65. scientific research results can now be quickly_ to factory production.a. used b. applied c tried d. practiced现在的科学研究成果可以被很快地应用于工业生产中。apply to意为“应用到”，句中to是介词，c、d项都不能与介词to搭配； be used to+名词动名词，意为“习惯于”，0341. agriculture is the countrys c

55、hief source of wealth, wheat _ by far thebiggest cereal crop.a.is b.been c.be d.being农业是这个国家财富主要的来源，其中小麦是最主要的谷类作物。这是一个独立主格结构。wheat前用逗号，且没有连词，表示这一句起补充说明的作用，该空不能用动词的形式42. jack _from homefor two days now, and i am beginning to worry about his safety.a.has beenmissing b.has been missedc.had been missing d.was missed答案：a到目前为止，杰克已经失踪两天了，我开始担心他的安全。由句中时间状语“for some time now”可知，这里要用现在完成时；选项a为现在完