牛津译林版8bunit7被动语态讲解与练习

1、 8B被动语态讲解与练习 、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。 summ已:t主胡谱态屮 状语 vus 血sumjn就 *被动雷态 宾语 状语杲 +j That fictofv曲芒 d 主营 谓胃 be”要随着主语变 主动语态变为被动语态口诀：主变宾，宾变主，谓语变 be done ,时不变 三、各种时态的被动语态的构成 1.一般现在时：主语+be( is/am/are) +过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态 People use knives for cutting things. They produce silk in

2、Suzhou and Hangzhou. They speak English in Canada. They grow rice in South China. People use metal（金属 ） for making machines. Where do people plant the trees? 2. 一般过去时：主语+be( was/were)+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态 The wind blew down the big tree last night. My sister took these photos on the Great Wall. T

3、hey built many tall buildings in their hometown last year. When did you invent the strange machine? 3. 一般将来时：主语+will+ be(不变形)+过去分词done+其它 或主语+be going to+ be(不变形)+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态 They will build another bridge in the city next year. Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?

4、a sports meeti ngin our school n ext Friday ? They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening. A lot of pop starsto the charity show this evening. We are not going to hold a parents meeting tomorrow. A parents，meetingtomorrow. 4.含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be （不变形）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为

5、被动语态 Amy can take good care of Tina. You can find a lot of differences between the two Ianguages. They should collect money for the project. We can finish the work in two days. We must water the flowers every day. 四、使用被动语态的注意点： 1. 感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to ” 即：-see/hear/noticesb. do s

6、th.变为了 sb. be seen/heard/noticedto do sth. let/make/havesb. do sth.变为了 sb. be let/made/had to do sth. 把下列句子改为被动语态 The boss makes the workers work all day. I often hear her sing in the room. I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon. Daniel saw the boy run yesterday. 2. 常见变被动的表达 see sb. do

7、ing sb. be seen doing hear sb. doing sb. be heard doing watch sb. doin sb. be watched doing notice sb. doing sb. be noticed doing tell sb. to do k sb. be told to do ask sb. to do sb. be asked to do invited sb. to do sb. be invited to do 把下列句子改为被动语态 We saw them playing soccer over there. He asked me

8、to buy some sugar. 3. 含有双宾语的主动、被动转换 主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth) 主语(sb) +be done+ 直接宾语(sth)+by sb k 主语(sth) +be done+to/for+ 间接宾语(sb)+by sb 把下列句子改为被动语态 Some flowers My mother will buy me a new coat. I A new coat Lily sent me a New Year card last week. I A new card 4. 主动语态中“动词 +介词”或“动词 +副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介

9、词或副词不可 拆开或漏掉。要整体搬迁。 把下列句子改为被动语态 They look after the girl well. He often laughs at the poor boy. 五、几种不用被动语态的情况： 1.不及物动词( vi )没有被动语态 , 直接用主动语态表示被动意义。如： happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc. 用括号所给动词翻译句子 这台电脑花了我 5000 元。 (cost) 昨天他发生了一起事故。 (happen) 他爷爷 3 年前去世了。 (die) 2.一些短语动词

10、相当于不及物动词，没有被动结构, 直接用主动形式来表示被动意义。如： take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to等 用括号所给动词翻译句子 我校运动会将在下周举办。 (take place) 我的自行车坏了。 ( break down 完成时) I hope that your dream (come ) true in the future. 3. 系动词( linking V )没有被动语态 ( seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain,

11、stay, sound, feel, smell, taste 等) 用括号所给动词翻译句子 这食物尝起来味道很好。 (taste) 他的主意听起来不错。 (sound) 她的新裙子摸起来很柔软。 (feel) 4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物， 当他们与 well, badly, easily 等副词连用时表示主语内在品 质或性能，无被动形式。 常见的动词有 read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean 等 用括号所给动词翻译句子 书很好卖。 (sell) 区别：书在这家商店被卖出。 这笔写起来很顺滑。(write , smoothly) 这衣服很好洗。(wash)

12、 六、综合练习 A. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面) 1.1 ts said(据说)that the long bridge ( build)in two mon ths . 2. Which Ianguagethe most widely (speak) in the world ? 3. Last year a large number of trees (cut) down . 4. The stude ntsofte n(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 5. The old man is ill.

13、 He(must send) to the hospital. 6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop. 7. Whatkni ves (make) of ? They(make) of metal(金属)and wood. 8. Can the magaz ine(take) out of the library? 9. The room(clea n) by me every day. 10. The stars can (see) in the daytime. 11. The flowers(water) by Li Ming

14、 yesterday. 12. This kind of shoes(sell) well. 13. How longyour uncle(be) in the city? 14. The food(smell) delicious. 15. Look! Some one(dan ce). B. 按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 1.Is tea grown in South China ?(改为主动语态) peopletea in South China ? 2.1 am given a birthday present by my parents every year .(同义句转换) A birthday presentby my parents every year . 3. The work is going to be finished in two days.( 对戈U线提问 ) Howthe work going to be fini shed ? 4. The children will sing an English song.(改为被动语态) An En glish songby the childre n. 5. People use metal for making machines.(改为被动语态 )