历年英语考研真题及答案

1、历年英语考研真题及答案 【篇一： 2010-2016 年历年考研英语真题 +答案】tion i use of english section 1 use of english directions: read the following text. choose the best word(s) foreach numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answersheet 1. (10 points) in cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for theyoung male. it m

2、ay involve not only his parents and his friends,_1_those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. ayoung man can _2_ a likely spouse on his own and then askhis parents to _3_the marriage negotiations, or the youngmans parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving thechild little to say in the se

3、lection. _4_, a girl may veto thespouse her parents have chosen. _5_ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure itschild is marrying _6_ a good family. the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly itlasted three days, _7_1980s it more commonly last

4、ed a dayand a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _8_prayers of blessing. par-ts of the ceremony involve ritual haircutting,_9_cotton threads soaked in holy water around thebrides and grooms wrists, and _10_a candle around a circleof happily married and respected couples to bless the _11

5、_. newlywedstraditionally move in with the wifes parents and may_12_with them up to a year, _13_they can build a new housenearby. divorce is legal and easy to _14_, but not common. divorcedpersons are _15_ with some disapproval. each spouseretains _16_ property he or she_17_ into the marriage, and j

6、ointly-acquired property is_18_ equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a genderprejudice _19_up. the divorced male doesnt have a waitingperiod before he can remarry _20_the woman must wait tenmonths.1.a. by way of b. with regard to c. on behalf of d. as well as2.a. decide onb. provide forc. comp

7、ete withd. adapt to3.a. closeb. arrange c. renew d. postpone4.a. in theory b. above all c. in timed. for example5.a. unlessb. less c. after d. although6.a. into b. within c. fromd. through 7.a. or b. sincec. butd. so8.a. test b. copyc. recite d. create9.a. folding b. piling c. wrappingd. tying10. a.

8、 passing b. lighting c. hiding d. serving11. a. associationb. meeting c. collection d. union12. a. deal b. partc. grow d. live 13. a. whereas b. untilc. ford. if 14. a. avoidb. follow c. challenge d. obtain 15. a. isolated b. persuadedc. viewed d. exposed 16. a. wherever b. whatever c. whenever d. h

9、owever 17. a. changedb. brought c. shapedd. pushed 18. a. invested b. dividedc. donated d. withdrawn19. a. warmsb. clearsc. shows d. breaks20. a. whileb. so that c. onced. in that section reading comprehensionpart a directions ：read the following four texts. answer thequestions after each text by ch

10、oosing a, b, c or d. mark youranswers on answer sheet 1. (40 points) text 1france ，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right todefine physical beauty for women. its lawmakers gavepreliminary approval last week to a law that wou

11、ld make it acrime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. the parliamentalso agreed to ban websites that incite excessive thinness by promoting extreme dieting. such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. theysuggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end upimpinging on health. that s

12、a start. and the ban on ultra-thinmodels seems to go beyond protecting models from starvingthemselves to death as some have done. it tells the fashionindustry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sendswomen, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to deter

13、mine their individual worth. the bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (andmany men) that they should not let others be arbiters of theirbeauty. and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should lookto intangible qualities like character and intellect rather thandieting their way to size z

14、ero or wasp-waist physiques. the french measures, however, rely too much on severepunishment to change aculture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does notmeet a government-defined index of body mass could result ina $85,000 fine and si

15、x months in prison. the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem infocusing on material adornment and idealized body types. indenmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it istrying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enfor

16、cement. in contrast to france s actions, denmark s fashion industryagreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age,health, and other characteristics of models. the newly reviseddanish fashion ethical charter clearly states: we are aware ofand take responsibility for the impact the fashion

17、 industry hason body ideals, especially on young people . the charter smain tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers andmodeling agencies to copenhagen fashion week (cfw), which isrun by the danish fashion institute. but in general it relies on aname-and -shame method of compliance. relyi

18、ng on ethical persuasion rather than law to address themisuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better wouldbe to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the materialstandards of a particular industry.21. according to the first paragraph ，what would happen in france?【a】physical beauty would be

19、 redefined.【b】new runways would be constructed.【c】websites about dieting would thrive.【d】the fashion industry would decline.22. the phrase impinging on (lin，e 2para.2) is closest in meaning to【a】heightening the value of【b】indicating the state of【c】losing faith in【d】doing harm to23. which of the foll

20、owing is true of the fashion industry ？ 【a】the french measures have already failed. 【b】new standards are being set in denmark. 【c】models are no longer under peer pressure. 【d】its inherent problems are getting worse.24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for【a】pursuing perfect physical c

21、onditions【b】caring too much about model s character.【c】showing little concern for health factors 【d】setting a high age threshold for models.25. which of the following may be the best title of the text? 【a】a challenge to the fashion industry s body ideals 【b】a dilemma for the starving models in franc

22、e 【c】just another round of struggle for beauty 【d】the great threats to the fashion industrytext 2 for the first time in history more people live in towns than inthe country. in britain this has had a curious result. while pollsshow britons rate the【篇二： 2013 年考研英语真题及答案 (完整版 )】icture d moment4.a for e

23、xample b on average c in principle d above all5.a fond bfearful c capable d thoughtless6.a in b on c to d for7.a if buntil c though d unless8.a promote bemphasize c share d test9.a decision b quality c status d success10.a chosen bstupid cfound d identified11.a exceptional b defensible c replaceable

24、 d otherwise12.a inspired bexpressed c conducted d secured13.a assigned brated c matched d arranged14.a put bgot cgave d took15.ainstead bthen c ever d rather16.aselected bpassed c marked d introduced17.abefore b after c above d below 18.a jump b float c drop d fluctuate19.aachieve bundo c maintain

25、ddisregard20. a promising b possible c necessary d helpful答案： 1-5: adcab 6-10: badda 11-15: dcbdb16-20: cacbc答案详解：2013 年的完型填空是一篇选自经济学人名为 a question ofjudgment 的文章。讲述的是有关判断的问题。这类文章出现在今年的考研真题中，符合考研英语历年的出题形式。但是考生在没有掌握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难。相较于 2012 年的完型来说，今年的考题适中。考查的词汇部分涉及到名词、动词、形容词和介词。其中，动词考查的频率最高，占完型

26、部分考题的 35% 。第 4、7、15 和 17 题考察了逻辑连接题，占完型题目的 20% 。考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类考题。其次，在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识，即第 5 和第 10 题。一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语，一处是过去分词作后置定语，而这两点在跨考一阶的讲义中，各位语法老师已经跟考生们专门讲解过。后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里，也是反复提到的语法点。遵循以往完型填空的结构形式，今年的考题仍然秉承了总分的结构。第一段引出话题并介绍 dr. simonsohn 的观点。第二、三、四段具体介绍了 dr. simonsohn 为证明理论采取的实验以及最后的发

27、现。而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线 people are, onthe whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions 。总之 2013 年的考题在日常强调的 “单词加技巧等于高分 ”的解题方式下，定会被迎刃而解。1. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析 本题考查动词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除 b 和d 。这句话中 that 引导一个定语从句，主要是说这一优势赋予了一种特定的能力。 c 中 transmit 为 传播，不符合上下文意思。2. 标

28、准答案 d考点分析 上下文语义选项分析 which are unbiased 这个定语从句做插入语修饰judgment 。这句话的意思是 “通过 xxx 因素作出公正判决的能力 ”，由此可以排除 a 和 b 。做 这一题时，我们需要理解第一句话，给我们提供了一个大的背景和 条件。第一句话说 “人们不擅长利用背景信息作决定 ”，所以可以推出这儿并不是 “通过关键信息 ”来做出公正的判决，而是通过其它一些信息，如外部的信息，作出判决。根据上下文意思，可以推出 d为正确答案。3. 标准答案 c考点分析 上下文语义和固定搭配选项分析 big picture 是一个固定搭配，指 (事情的)主要部分；重点

29、，故选a 。其它词语与 big 搭配，均没有这层意思。4. 标准答案 a考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 根据上下文的逻辑关系判断，在提出一个观点之后，接下来就是进行例证。选项中只有 a 表示 “例如 ”，符合这一逻辑关系，故选a 。b 表示 “平均 ”的意思； c 为 “大体上，原则上 ”；d 为“首先”，均不符合。5. 标准答案 b考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析 这四个选项均可以与介词 of 搭配， a 表示 “喜欢 ”， b表示 “害怕，恐怕 ”， c 表示 “能够，具有 ?能力 ”， d 表示 “轻率的，考虑不周的 ”。of 后面的短语作 judge 的定语，这句话意思是 “xxx

30、地显得对犯罪太过软弱的法官可能更倾向于给被告作出判刑的判决 ”。根据上下文的意思，可以排除 a 和 d 。而 “显得对犯罪太过软弱 ”显然不是某种能力，故可以排除 c 选项。根据上下文意思，害怕显得过于软弱的法官，才会更倾向于作出较严厉的判决。故选 b 。6. 标准答案 b考点分析 介词搭配 选项分析 soft on sb/sth 是一个固定搭配词组，表示 “对某人 /某事态度偏软，不够严厉 ”的意思，故选 b 。7.标准答案 a考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 前半句含义是 “一个担心自己会犯罪行为上表现的过分软弱的法官可能会判人入狱 ”，后半句含义是 “当天他已经判五到六个人缓刑 ”两句间的逻

31、辑关系明显为假设。 a if 表示假设 “如果 ”。buntil 直“到。才。 ”。c though “然而 ”，表转折。 d unless“除非 ”，表让步。前半句是结果主句，后半句是一个假设条件，所以选 c8.标准答案 d。考点分析 上下文语义及动词辨析选项分析 本句话是说要进行试验来验证观点。空格后的名词 idea作宾语，对决定动词十分关键。动词意思应为 “测试 ”。a promote “促进 ”。b emphasize “强调 ”。c share “分享”。d test 测“试 ”。只有 d 选项和 “观点 ”搭配，符合语境。9.标准答案 d。考点分析 上下文语义及名词辨析选项分析 本

32、句话含义是讲其中一个申请者与其他申请在面试中的关系。申请者希望成功。 a dec isioin 选“择 ”。b quality “质量 ”。cstatus 身“份 ”。d success “成功 ”。只有 d 项搭配，符合语境。10.标准答案 a。考点分析 后置定语 选项分析 本句意为测试中随机选出的其他申请者。 a chosen “选出”。b stupid “笨的 ”。c found “发现 ”。d identified 识“别 ”。只 有 a 选项和申请者搭配意为选出来的申请者，符合语境。11.标准答案 d。考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 后半句开头的 but 已经暗示了下文的连接词。内容上

33、前半句意为一个申请者的面试成功和其他申请者没有关系，后半句意为西蒙森怀疑事实。明显是转折关系。 a exceptional “例外的 ”。bdefensible 可“防御的 ”。c replaceable 可“替换的 ”。d otherwise“相反的 ”。只有 d 项可以表转折关系，所以选 d。 12. 标准答案 c 。考点分析 后置定语选项分析 本句前半句是说西蒙森研究了面试者的结果，后半句含义是招生办官员。所以这里应该是招生办官员举行面试，后半句做后置定语。 a inspire 鼓“舞 ”。【篇三： 2000-2015 年考研英语历年真题答案 (英语一 )】p class=txti cl

34、oze1、what 2 、concluded3 、on4 、compared 5 、samples 6 、insignificant 7 、know8、resemble 9 、also10 、perhaps 11 、to12 、drive13 、ratherthan14、benefits 15 、faster16 、understand 17 、contributory 18 、 tendency19、ethnic 20 、seeii reading comprehension part a21.d ended his reign in embarrassment.22. c owing to

35、 the undoubted and respectable status23. a the role of the nobility in modern democracy24. b fails to change his lifestyle as advised.25. d carlos, a lesson for all monarchies26. c check suspects phone contents without being authorized.27.a disapproval28.a getting into ones residence 29. c citizens

36、privacy is not effectively protected 30.b new technology requires reinterpretation of theconstitution31.b journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.b marked33. d set an example for other journals 34. c has room for further improvement35.a science joins push to screen statistics in papers

37、36. d the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37. a more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38. c was hardly convincing39. b generally distorted values40. d moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperpart b41.c if you are unfamiliar. 42.e you make further inferences.43.d rat

38、her ,we ascribe meanings to. 44.b factors such as.45.a are we studying that . part c46）在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。47）美国是两种主要力量的产物 即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。 48）但由于美国特有的地理条件 ,不同民族的相互作用 ,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难 ,新大陆引起了重大变化。49）在 1516 世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土 即当今的美国 的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。50）拥有丰

39、富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。 iii writingpart adear club members, as the next reading session is scheduled to be launched intwo days, it s a great honor for me to take the opportunity topresent you a book worth reading the wealth of nations byadam smith. through reflection over economics at the

40、 beginning ofindustrial revolution, the writer has elaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at workwith insightful conceptions and eloquent speeches. besides,the book has stood the test of time by repeated quotations andcritical reviews from following researchers, exerting profoundinfl

41、uences on anyone engaged in the field of capitalist market. i believe reading such a classical book from an authoritativewriter will produce a life-eiching and thought-provoking effectfor all club members.yours sincerely, li ming part b as is depicted above, a number of young people are having agath

42、ering of friends, but instead of talking with each other,each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. the lowerpart of the picture, we can see some chinese characters whichread “the meeting in mobile -phone era ”.undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us ofthe double edge o

43、f the cell phone. it is well known that thanksto the development of human civilization, many formerlyunimaginable things come into reality. a case in point is themobile phones. we must admit that the smart phone indeed dramatically changes our life. however, if used improperly, themobile phones also

44、 can bring unhealthy side-effects, andimperil face to face communication between people. it is nottoo much to say that being over-addicted to mobile phones willcost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendship and even ourability to live.2014 考研英语（一）真题答案解析答案： 1-5 abdca 6-10 acbdc 11-15 dabad 16-20 bdc

45、cb1. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和连词辨析选项分析 本题考查连词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除bcd 。这句话中 where 引导一个状语语从句，主要是说记不清把钥匙放在哪里了。2. 标准答案 b考点分析 上下文语义和动词辨析选项分析 as the brain 2 we refer to these occurrences assenior moments 这句话的意思是 “由于大脑 2 我们称这些现象为“瞬间性老年痴呆 ”，由此可以排除 a 和 c 。dcollapse 意为：使倒塌，使崩溃，不符合题意。 fades 考察熟词僻意，通常意思为褪色，逝去。还有衰老的意思，这里就考察是

46、衰老的意思。从前文可以看出，文章讲的是随着年龄增长，大脑衰老。所以选 b3. 标准答案 d考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 a if 表示假设 “如果 ”。b unless 除“非，如果不 ”。conce “一旦 ”。dwhile ， “虽然，然而 ”表转折。这句话的意思是虽然表面上看起来没什么，但是危害很大，前后位转折关系，所以选 d。4. 标准答案 c考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析 这四个选项均为形容词， a 表示 “不均匀 ”， b 表示“有限的 ”， c 表示 “有破坏性的，损坏的 ”， d 表示 “模糊的，晦涩的 ”。这句话意思是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们带来 ? 的影响。 根据

47、上下文的意思，可以排除 a 和 d 。而 “有限的影响 ”显然不足 以表达危害的严重性，故可以排除 b 选项。c “带来有害的影响 ” 最符合作者意图。5. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析 选项分析 本句话含义是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们的职业、社交还有个人 ? 带来有害的影响。 a wellbeing “幸福 ”。benvironment “环境”。c relationship 关系“”。d outlook 展“望”。and 连接若干名词，这些名词应该为同一类，职业、社交都是和个人相关，排除 b 和d ，c personal relationship 就是 social的意思，不

48、能重复，选择 a ，个人幸福。6. 标准答案 a考点分析 固定搭配选项分析 a it turns out that 原来，“其实 ”。bit finds outthat “本文发现 ”。c it points out that 指出 “”。d it figures out that 本文“发现 ”。it 代表神经科学，这句话的意思是越来越多的精神学家们都表示，大脑其实跟肌肉一样需要练习运动。这里给出的是神经科学的结论，因此选择 it turns out that7. 标准答案 c考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。 a roundabouts 迂回路线。brespons

49、es 回应。 cworkouts 锻炼，练习。dassociations 协会。 cworkouts 锻炼，练习与前文出现的exercise 都有 “锻炼，练习 ”的意思，近义词复现，所以选 c8. 标准答案 b考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。 agee 类型，种类。bfunctions 功能。 ccircumstances 情况，环境。 dcriterion 批评判断的标准、准则。这句话的意思是正确的智力运动能极大地提高我们最基本的认知功能，根据语义，选择 bfunctions 功能。9. 标准答案 d考点分析 上下文语义和名词辨析选项分析 这四个选项均为名词。

50、a channel 通道，频道。bcondition 条件。 csequence 顺序，序列。 dprocess 过程，步骤。根据常识，思考是一个过程，并且通过脑神经相互接触来完成，其他选项表示渠道、序列、条件，均不符合常识。因此正确答案是表示过程的 d 选项。这句话的意思是思考是大脑神经连接必要的过程。10. 标准答案 d考点分析 上下文语义和动词辨析 选项分析 这四个选项均为动词。 a persist 坚持。 b believe 相信。c excel 超过。 d feature 特色。本句句意，在某种程度来讲， 我们在进行神经连接 (直接影响人的聪明程度 )方面的特殊能力是与生 俱来的。

51、excel 有超过擅长的意思，表示在某个方面出众，放在此处 符合题意，因此正确答案为 b 。11. 标准答案 d考点分析 逻辑衔接题选项分析 本题需要的是一个副词，而且位于句首，因此考察的是句关系。通过前后句意义来定答案，前一句强调的是智力是与生俱来的(inherited) ，而后一句则认为是可以通过脑力活动 (mentaleffort) 会有所波动，两句意义明显相反，故正确答案为 d however 。12. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和短语辨析 选项分析 本题并不难，可以理解为：智力可以 ? 脑力活动得到提升或出现波动。 bregardless of “不管，不顾 ”不合逻辑。 ca

52、partfrom “除? 之外 ”也不合适。 dinstead of “代替 ”明显不符。故 a 为正确答案。13. 标准答案 b考点分析 上下文语义和固定搭配 选项分析 本题考察的是固定搭配： take a step ? ，能搭配只有 a和 c，分别指 “采取进一步措施 ”和 “让到一边去 ”，无论从逻辑上还是 从句意上都是 a 符合。14. 标准答案 a考点分析 上下文语义和词汇辨析选项分析 本题考察的是动宾搭配： improve and regain sb smental ? ，再根据前文一直在讲如何提高 “智力”，因此可以排除 a(模式)和 b(稳定性 )，c(灵活性 )和 d(锋利性，尖锐性)容易混淆， c 有一定的干扰性，但双比之下， d 更契合前文，故选 d。15. 标准答案