情态动词的用法附练习及参考答案

1、情态动词一、情态动词的基本句型肯定句：否定句：疑问句：情态动词 有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to 等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。主语+情态动词+动词原形+You can slee p here.主语+情态动词+n ot+动词原形 +You caritslee p here.情态动词+主语+动词原形+Can I slee p here.二、情态动词的意义must 必须”

2、；can/could 能，会”；may/might 可以” ；should 应该” ；would 愿，要”；have to 不得不” ；need “需要”表示请求，允许，意为一可can表示能力，意为 一能会，表示推测，意为一可能，常用于否定句和疑问句中是can的过去式，意为一能、会， 表示过去的能力 在疑冋句中表示委婉请求 表示请求、许可，意为一可以 表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为一可能、也许 是may的过去式，表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为一 可能、也许以couldmay might must表示主观看法，意为一必须、应该，表有把握的推测，用语肯定句表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 d

3、are表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为一应该，表示要求和命令 表示劝告、建议 had better意为一最好，表示建议 used to意为一过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为考点一情态动词知识清单另外情态动词没哟人称和数情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语, 的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。三、情态动词的基本用法1. can的用法尤其是生来具备的能力(1) 表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为一能、会，即有种能力，(2) 表示可能、能够。女口： I can finish it in an hour.(3 )表示许可，常在口语中。如：

4、You can use my dictio nary.(4) can可译为一不会，女如： I canplay basketball.我不会打篮球。当句子表推测时，用 cant 表达不可能， He can be ill. He is playi ng chess with Tom.Can还可用来回答一 May I ?这样的问句。 May I come in ? No, you mustn . / can t. can还可用于固定习语中。She canthelp crying.2. could的用法(1) can的过去式， 意为一能、会，表示过去的能力。(2) could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气

5、，此时没有过去式的意思。Could he be a good stude nt?3. may的用法(1 )表示请求、许可，比can正式，(2) 表示推测，谈论可能性，意为一可能，或许，一般用于肯定句中。may 。(3) may的过去式为 might，表示推测时。可能性低于(4) 对 may 引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式： Yes, of course. Yes, certainly. Sure. No, you mustnNbt.you can t.(5) may 的否定式为 may not , 译成一 可能不， He may not be at home.4. must的用法(1) mus

6、t表示主观看法，意为一必须、一定。(2) 其否定形式 mustn 表示一定不要、千万别、 禁止,不许.Mustn 也可用于以 may表示要求时的否定回答中。May I stand here? No, you mustn t(can ).(3) 对 must 弓I出的疑问句，回答为：Yes,must. No,needn/ don have to.(4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must表示 肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn she?5. need的用法needn t，意为一没有必

7、要，不必。(1) n eed表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为用need提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为needn t。女0: -Need I stay here any Ion ger? 一Yes, you must .No. you n eed n t .(2) needn t + have+动词的过去分词，表不需要完成但已完成的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪费。 You needn t have bought it.后边多接动词不定式。(3) need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，6. dare的用法dare意为一敢、敢于I,用法近似于need ,

8、有两种词性：(1) dare作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过 去时。在口语中，dare的各种形式常与不带to的不(2) dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。注意：定式连用。 Do you dare tell her what I said?7. shall的用法(1) shall表示征求对方意见(多用于第一、三人称)，Shall we go out for a walk?shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, P lease. All right. No, tha n

9、k you.(2) 表示决心、警告、命令(多用于第二、三人称)，No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam.should的用法8.(1) should意为一应该II(2) should (would)like to do sth.表示一想要、愿意做某事II,常用于口语中。 想和我一起去吗？(3)(4),可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment.Would you like to go with me? 你Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、

10、批评。You should have fini shed your homework.表否定时是 shouldn 表不应该 You shouldn t feel so unhappy over such little things.will的用法9.(1) will 表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。I will help you if I m free this afternoon.(2) would是will的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you pl ease give me a call?对will/

11、 would you 的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won .)Sure . (I sorry , I can t.)All right.Certainiy. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.10. had better 的用法had better意为一最好II,没有人称的变化，后面接不带to的不定式，其否定形式 为： had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him.情态动词练习1. It s the library! So y

12、ouknow shouting is not allowed here.A. can B. must C. n eed D. mayI download the article again ? -No, you neednt.2.-A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can3. -May I have a word with you ? -No, you _A. need nt B. would ntC. dont have toD. cant.Im busy today.I have your En glish n ame , pl ease?-Yes Hele n. H

13、-E-L-E-N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need5. -Who is the boy over there ? Is it John? -No, itA. must nt B. may not C. cant D. n eed nt6. -You must come back every mon th. -Yes, IA. will B. must C. should D. can4.-be him. Joh n is much e to see us tonight , but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B.

14、can C. has to D. must8. Childre n7. Johnp lay with fire.A. must nt B. cantC. should nt D. need ntI come in , Mr Green ? -Yes,come in, please.A. Must B. Need C. Will9.-10. -Must I fin ish the work today-No , you . YouA. must nt ; mayD. May？finish it tomorrow.B. cant; can C. n eed nt; mayD. n eed nt;

15、must参考答案1-5 CCDBC 6-10 AAADC课后练习（）1. Do we have to finish our homework this after noon?Yes, you.A. must B. can C. may D. n eed（）2. May I watch TV for a while ？No, you. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn t B. needn t C. mustn t D. won t（）3. Boys and girls, don t forget your report . It

16、today.A. can ftish B. can be finished C. should finish D. should be finished（）4. Is Lucy knocking at the door?No. Itbe Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. needn t B. must C. can t（）5. I can t give up smoking, doctor.D. mustFor your health, I imfraid youA. may B. can C. have to()6. Our class won the En glis

17、h sp eak ing con test.Con gratulati ons! Yoube very p roud of it.A. can B. n eedC. would D. must()7. I borrow your pen?Sorry, my pen is borrowed by other.A. Must B. Would C. May D. Need()8.I take some photos in the hall? No, you.A. Can, needn t B. Must, mustn t C. Could, won t D. May, mustn t()9. The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It.Look,somekidsareswimming in it.A. must be true B. can bt true C. may not be true()10. Susa n has bought a large house with a swim ming po ol.Itbe very expen sive. I n ever even dre