听力记笔记时常用的符号

1、Symbols:Abbreviations:Most symbols are taken from mathematics. Some of the most useful are given in the list below. Note the variety of meanings that one symbol can convey, and that those pressing a verb or verb phrase do not show tense.+and, plusless, minus= is, equals, consists of, is the same as,

2、 there is丰 is not, does not equal, does not con sist of, is different from=is equivale nt to is greater than, is more than, is overis less thant gives, produces, leads to, provides, results in, is re-written asjis give n by, is produced by, results from, comesfrom/ rises, in creases by, grows to/by

3、falls, decreases by, decli nestherefore, sobecause, as, sinceat:indicates example(s) following( )used around explanation of a pointdegreesminutes, feet inches or ditto marks - i.e. repeat the word above BUT but, however, althoughpl. pred. prob. pt reg. r m sev. shd simul,soc. sol. stim.platepredictp

4、roblempointregularroomseveralshould simultaneously, at the same timesociety, social solutionstimulustemp.1. temperature2. temporary tens.tensiontrop.tropictyp.typicalusu.usual(ly)wdwould缩略词 APT ACC ACDG ACPT AD ADS ADV AMAP AMT APV ASAP BAL BLDG CERT CFM CNCL CNF CMI CMP CMPE CMU CONC COND CO. DEPT

5、DISC DPT EXCH EXPLN EXT FLT FNT FRT FYR原词ApartmentAccountantAccordingAcceptAdvertisementAddressAdviceAs much/many as possibleAmountApproveAs soon as possibleBalanceBuildingCertificateConformCancelConferenceCommissionCompleteCompete/competitiveCommunicationConcern/concerning/concernedConditionCompany

6、DepartmentDiscountDepartureExchangeExplainExtentFlightFinalFreightFor your referenceGDGoodGUARGuaranteeH.O.Home officeINFOInformationIMPSImpossibleIMP(T)ImportantINCDIncludeINDIVIndividualINSInsuranceINTSTInterestedI/OIn stead ofIOUI owe youIVOIn view ofMANUFManufactureMDLModelMEMOMemorandumMGRMange

7、rMINMinimumMKTMarketMSGMessageNCRYNecessaryNLTNo later thanOBSObserveOBTObtainORDOrdinaryPATPatentPCPiecePKGPackingPLPeoplePLSPleasePOSNPositionPOSS(BL)PossiblePRODProductQLTYQualityQUTYQuantityRCVReceiveREFReferenceREGLRegularREPRepresentativeRESNReservationRPTRepeatRESPONResponsibleSECSectionSITNSituationSTDStandardTELTelephone