第三册精读语言点解析

1、1. advertiseadvertise (v.)(1) vt.e.g. Do salesmen their goods?Where do people their products?They their products in newspapers or on TV.vi. fore.g. The family will for a servant.People usually for their lost properties in a newspaper or on a billboard(2) advertiser (n.)(3) advertisement (n.) = ade.g

2、. The store has an in the newspaper for a special sale.Have you ever received s in your mailbox?cf. commercial (n.)-an advertisement on television or radio ( 电视、广播之 ) 广告2. in a suburb: a part of the suburbsin the suburbs: all or one of the outlying district of a citye.g. Is our university in the cit

3、y or in the suburbs?Is Shipai a suburb of Guangzhou?He planned to build a house in the suburb of Shanghai.cf. outskirts (n.) ( 通常指郊外适合于散步的地方)-(esp. of a town) the outer areas ( 常用于 in the outskirts 片语 ) 尤指城镇郊区 ；郊外-the outer limits ( 常用于 on the outskirts 片语中 ) 边界e.g. We live in the suburbs.The childr

4、en have been out for the day to some green spot on the outskirts.3. be short of: have not enough; lack ;be in need ofbe short on: be poorer at, be not so good at 在稍差，在 较欠缺e.g. The book has good information, but rather short on illustration.She is a nice person, but short on looks.(A-A) 4. Apply appl

5、y (v.)a) request to sb. for sth.e.g. If you want to go abroad, you may to the Consul ( 领事) for a visa.He has applied to the banker for a loan.I will to the boss for the position in person, not by letter.b) put into use or into position to serve its purpose 应用 sth. to sth.e.g. He applies a sticking p

6、laster to the cut.Do you your knowledge to the practice?The teacher will the rule to every student. oneself / one s energy/ oned to sths./mdioning sth.- concentrate one s thoughts on a taske.g. We must ourselves to our study.Paraphrase:He concentrates himself on learning French .If you try your best

7、 to do the job, you will soon finish it. applicant (n.) application (n.)make an to sb. for sth.e.g. We made an to the court for inquiry.The manager has received 20 s for the position.5. degree rank or grade given by a university to one who has passed an exame.g. Bachelor of Arts / Science (BA/ BS)Ma

8、ster of Arts /Science(MA/ MS)Doctor of Philosophy(PH.D)哲学博士Doctor of Science / Medicine / Lawto/ in degre等级，程度e.g. To what degree can he be trusted? He cannot be trusted in the slightest degree.6. landgo, come, put on land; bring to lande.g. The plane ed safely. The pilot ed the airliner.bring to re

9、ach a positione.g. He ed himself in great difficulties.get (informal)e.g. If I manage to the job, I will stand you all a free drink.He ed a valuable prize.7. chances of: (often plural with singular meaning) possibility; likelihood that sth. will happene.g. You would have more chances of catching the

10、 train if you got a bus to the station instead of walking.Note: chances of doing sth.= hopes of doing sth.a chance of doing sth. / to do sth.= the opportunity to do sth.8. slim (adj.)e.g. hopes / chances of success a excuse a girl: a slender girl(八-八)9. sum mon: dema nd the prese nee of; call sb to

11、sth. / sb. to do sth.e.g. The manager ed the shareholders to a general meeting. She ed a servant.The teacher ed me to the office.They ed three women to appear as witness 传唤证人cf. summons (n.) 传票10. prove (proved, proved/ proven)to show (oneself or itself) afterwards, in the course of time or experien

12、ce, etc. to be of the quality; turn out to bee.g. He proved (himself) to be a coward.As it happened, my advice proved to be wrong.On the long journey, he proved himself to be an amusing companion.The article has proved (to be) most useful.= The article is proved (to be) most useful. / People proved

13、the article most useful. He proved a real friend.It proved a of proof (n.)I believe what you say; I don t want any proof. proof (adj.) be againste.g. The tent material is against water.a waterproof coat / a bulletproof car / a soundproof room / a shockproof watch11. as a result : in the end

14、e.g. As a result , he was given a good jog. He broke his leg, as a result, he had to stop his studies.as a result of : because ofe.g. As a result of the war, other events occurred.He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall from his horse.He was late as a result of the snow.12. depressto less

15、en the strength of; to sadden; discourage 使不振作；使不景气 e.g. Rainy weather always es me.Her sad news ed me all day.depressed 作表语e.g. Since her baby died, she has been so depressed that she cries at the least thing. He recalled his last evening with his fianc e whe never he felt depressed.depressing 作定语e

16、.g. a depressing weathera depressing incident on my way to work13. survive survive (v.)a) vi. -to continue to live, esp. after coming close to deathe.g. Of those wounded in the battle, only 3 d.He is the only man who d after the explosion.b) vt. -to continue to live after 经过活下来， 幸存e.g. Only a few so

17、ldiers d the battle.Only ten of the crew d the shipwreck.Did anyone the earthquake?vt. -live longer thane.g. The man d his sister by 3 years.Insurance statistics show that most wives their husbands. survival (n.)a) u -survivinge.g. The of even a few made people grateful to God. His is still uncertai

18、n; he has been very badly hurt and may die.b) c -a person or sth. that remains or survivese.g. The old man is a from my great- grand mother s days. survivor (n.) (of accidents)e.g. There were 2 s of the air crash.This man was one of the s from the earthquake.14. moustache : on the upper lipcf. beard

19、 : hair of lower part of the face (excluding moustache)15. a freckled forehead = a forehead with freckles onfreckle (v./n.)e.g. Some people freckle more easily than others.16. look at sb. with an air of/ do sth.aWithf anair: appearance; mannere.g. He speaks with an air of importance / success / surp

20、rise / sadness / excitement.s shoelaces17. to do one s shoel=acfaesten one 一级上将 General First Class上将-General中将 Lieutenant General少将-Major General大校Se n i or Colonel上校-Colonel中校Lieutenant Colonel少校-Major上尉-Captain中尉-First Lieutenant少尉-Second Lieutenant上士-Sergeant, First Class中士Sergeant 下士-Corporal上等

21、兵 -上等兵Private, First Class列兵Private18. smell (smelled / smelt) vt. e.g. She smelled the meat to see if it was fresh. vi. e.g. We smell with our nose. link v. e.g. The dish smells goodvi. of 有的味道e.g. Your breath smells of brand.The air smelled of paint.19. go: to become (by a natural change, or by ch

22、anging on purpose)(自然的或故意的 )变成，使变成e.g. She is going grey. / Her hair is going grey.The milk went sour.He has gone mad/ blind.He went white with anger.(A-A) 20. proceed proceed (vi.): go forward to 前进 to sth.e.g. Please to the next light, and then turn left.Let s to bus in ess着 手工作Dont stop! Proceed

23、please. to do sth. = begin and continue to do sth.e.g. He ed to tell me the matter.After drinking a cup of tea, mother ed to cook the dinner.As soon as he came in, he ed to tell us all his troubles. with = go on withe.g. Let s with our workThe politician waited for the applause to die down and ed wi

24、th his speech. from = result frome.g. The whole trouble ed from a misunderstanding. against = charge against 控告 proceeding (n.) 活动，进行情况e.g. He wrote an account of the s of the meeting.22. vital (adj.) connected with livingHe was wounded in a vital part. supreme, very important23. Mumble (v.) (about

25、sth); sth (to sb) speak or say sth unclearly and usu quietly, so that people cannot hear what is said 含糊地说某事 ; 叽咕 ; 咕哝 :He always mumbles when hes embarrassed. 他感到难为情时说话就含糊不清了.* What are you mumbling about? I cant understand a word! 你叽里咕噜说什 麽呀? 我一句也听不懂 ! *He mumbled something to me which I didnt qui

26、te catch. 他对我叽咕了几句话 , 可我没太听清楚 . *She mumbled that she didnt want to get up yet. 她咕哝着说还不想起床 . Compared: grunt (Line 17): (of animals, esp pigs) make a low rough sound from deep in the throat (指动物 , 尤指猪)作哼哼声(A-A) 23. attach attach (v.)a) fasten or join one thing to another sth. toe.g. I will a label t

27、o my luggage.He ed a document to the letter.There is a house with a garage ed.There is a middle school ed to our university.b) consider to have; connect with importance / significance toe.g. Do you much importance to what he said?The old man did not much importance to the question.They ed significan

28、ce to his speech.be /become attached to 变得喜欢，依恋，对有感情e.g. She is ed to her home.Are you ed to this university? attachment (n.)a) connectione.g. The of a machine is easy.b) part attached 附件e.g. A machine has manys.c) attached feelinge.g. She has a great to her sister. Do you have a great to your mothe

29、r?24. singular singular (adj.)a) uncommon， strangee.g. Don t make yourself so in your dress不要穿 奇装异服b) outstanding 非凡的e.g. He is a man of courage.c) (gram.) of the form used in speaking or writing of one person or thing. singularly (adv.)a) particularly 极b) strangely; in an unusual way 奇异地 singularit

30、y (n.)a) strangeness ub) sth. unusual or sth. strange c25 .consist of: be made up of (no passive)paraphrase : Our class is made up of 28 students.This book has 18 units.26. range from to : vary betwee n limitse.g. Prices for books range from 10 cents to 100 dollars.The age of the students ranges fro

31、m 22 to 25.range in from to e.g. The books range in prices from 10 cents to 100 dollars. The students range in age from 22 to 25.(A-A) 27. appal (US also appall) appal (U.S. also appall )fill with fear or terror, shock deeply 惊吓，使惊吓 sb.e.g. The news appalled me.be appalled at / by : be shocked bye.g

32、. I was appalled at the news. appalling (adj.)-terrible; cripple, bad蹩脚，糟糕e.g. The news was . Mary is an cook. appallingly (adv.): terribly; verye.g. The figures of employment are high. We got hungry working so late.28. split (split, split, splitting) (vt.) divide into partse.g. They the money betwe

33、en themselves.Let s the cost of the dinner party.The robbers the loot evenly.The family agreed to the estate.He (up) the book into 5 chapters.I will up the class into groups. (vt./vi.) break or cause to break, be brokene.g. When he bent over, he his pants.The water pressure the pipe.The lightening t

34、he tree.Dont our organization.Some kinds of wood easily.The board as I sawed it. on: give away the secret to one s disad告a密tage on sth. / sb. to sb.向告 的密e.g. The boy on me to the teacher.Dont on him to his father. ones sides (with laughter): laugh with movements of the sidese.g. They their sides at

35、the joke.I my sides at the story.a second: a brief instant of timee.g. It happened in a second.a splitting headache: so severe that it feels that one head may crack(A-A) 29. incompetent: adj. not qualified or able 不合格的,不胜任的be competent/ incompetent at sth./ doing sth.e.g. He is incompetent at his jo

36、b.He is incompetent at working with his hands.be competent / incompetent to do sth.e.g. He is quite incompetent to be the leader.be competent/ incompetent at sth.e.g. He is competent at all the subjects.be competent/ incompetent for sth. 称职/不称职e.g. He is competent for his job.be competent/ incompete

37、nt as sth.e.g. He is competent as a teacher.incompetence (n.)e.g. He was dismissed for incompetence.36. leisureleisure (n.)可作定语空闲的”e.g. time/ occupationsat leisure作表语，“有空”= be freee.g. I only meant that when you are at leisure, you might think the matter over.I am quite at leisure if you want me to

38、do anything for you.作状语，从容地，慢慢地 ” =without haste; leisurely(adv.)e.g. I put off writing to you till today that I might write at leisure.The doctor directed me to live more leisurely.We talked as we walked leisurely along. leisurely (adj.)e.g. We had a leisurely meal.He did everything in a leisurely

39、manner.s back34. the last straw/ the straw that breaks the camel -something in addition to a set of troubles which makes them at last too much to bear 经过一系列打击或不愉快的事又无法忍受的事e.g. The hotel was expensive, the food was poor and the bad weather was the last straw. He couldn t get the job, being laughed at was the last straw.35. prospect (n.) u reasonable hope of something happening; expectation. 希望，展望，可能性