初中英语选词填空解题技巧及练习题

1、中考英语选词填空解题技巧选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、 数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了 要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。1. 在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先|对备选的词汇研究|几遍，对词性作简单的 标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。2. 通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子， 充分理解短文的内齐，注意发现固定搭配|关系，凭借语感积极主动地|猜测空格|中所缺的 信息，根据

2、需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3. 在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句 的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。对于词，要考虑是否要把它 变成复数或 所有格”形式。例如:match-matches,friend-friends/friends。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如:sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, dan ger-da ngerous对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化 以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定 式-to do,现在分词-doing, 过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoy doing s

3、th./used to do sth./have sth. done ;）对于形容词和副词I,要主动去判定它们之间的|相互转换，是否需要变成 比较级或最高 级，还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如:interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily，happy -happ in ess;对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词|的用法;对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如： three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousa nd/thousa nds o

4、f;对于冠词，只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl /an old man;对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。5为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜 ：空前空后要注意，名词”单复数要牢记，还有s不能弃，动词”注意要变形，形 副”注意要用三种级，要填 数词”请留意，千万别忘 基”和序”填入 代词”需慎重， 五格变化要谨记。4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查|单词拼写是否正确，是否有|时态、语态|、惯回及词语选用上的错误，以确保 答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。总结：做题技巧1 统览全局，把握大意。 要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境

5、中才能确定。只有了 解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子， 缩小词的选择范围。2 根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判 断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围，从而正确地选词。3 利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。4 复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入 的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的

6、情景内容，读起来是否流 畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通 过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口读”出来。例题：（2017年中招选词填空题节选）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将 答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多 余的。（2017?青海西宁）阅读短文，从下面方框中选择正确的单词，并用其适当形式完成下面的短文。young beautiful agree tree quick cover someth ingThere was a man who had fo

7、ur sons. He wan ted his sons to lear n not to judge（ 判断）th ings too 71So he sent them to go and look at a pear tree that was far away in turn. The first son went in win ter, thesec ond in spri ng, the third in summer, and the 72 son in fall.When they had all gone and come back, he asked them to desc

8、ribe what they had seen. The first sonsaid there was 73on the tree. The second son said it was 74 with green buds（花蕾）and full ofpromise. The third son said it was filled with flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful. The last son 75 with all of them, he said it was full of fruit, life a

9、nd harvest（ 收获）.The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they each had see n but one seas on in the 76 life. He told them that they cannot judge a tree, or a pers on, by only one seas on, they can only be judged at the end, whe n all the seas ons are up. If you give up wh

10、e n it s win ter, you will miss the propiriB9,（tfieour 7 ofyour summer, the harvest of your fall. Don t let the pain of one seas on destroy the joy of all the rest.【主旨大意】本文主要讲述一位父亲轮番派遣四个儿子去观察一棵梨树的故事，告诉人们不能以一季判断一棵树，更不能以一时判断一个人，同时也不能因为一时的失意而对整个人生都灰心丧气。71. quickly根据句意他想要他的儿子们学会不要太（）判断事物，结合下文中父亲派遣他们分别去看

11、梨树的目的可知，父亲是想要他的儿子们学会不要太快地判断事物，故选词quick （快的）。根据句子结构分析可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词judge，故填quickly，表示他想要他的儿子们学会不要太快地判断事物。72. you ngest根据句意第一个儿子在冬天去，第二个儿子春天去，第三个儿子夏天去，（）儿子秋天去可知，此空需要一个表示长幼或先后顺序的词，故选词you ng （年轻的）。根据句子结构分析可知，这里是一个the+形容词最高级的结构，是一个四人之间的比较，故填youngest，表示最年轻的儿子秋天去。73. nothing根据句意第一个儿子说树上有（）可知，只有 something

12、 （某物）符合句意，故选词something。根据前文第一个儿子是冬天去的可知，此处需要一个表示否定意义的词，故填nothing，表示树上什么都没有。74. covered根据句意第二个儿子说树（）绿色的花蕾并充满生机可知，cover （覆盖）符合句意，故选词cover。根据句子结构分析可知，这里是一个被动语态的结构，故填covered，表示树上长满了绿色的花蕾并充满生机。75. disagreed根据句意最后一个儿子（）他们所有人，结合上下文可知，他是在表达观点，故选词agree （同意）。根据上下文中最后一个儿子对树的描述与其他三个人的不同可知，此空需要一个表示 否定意义的词且文中语境为一

13、般过去时态，故填disagreed,表示最后一个儿子不同意他们所有人。76. tree s根据句意这个男人给他的儿子们解释到，他们都是对的，因为他们看到的只是在（）生命中的一个季节可知，tree （树）符合句意，故选词tree。根据句子结构分析，tree和life之间是所属 关系，故填tree 。滾示因为他们看到的只是树的生命中的一个季节。77. beauty根据句意你如果在冬天的时候就放弃，那么你就会错过春天的希望，夏天的（）和秋天的收获可知，beautiful （美丽的）符合句意，故选词beautiful。根据句子结构可知，这里需要一个名词，故填beauty。表示如果你在冬天的时候就放弃，

14、那么你就会错过春天的希望，夏天的美丽和秋天的收获。2.缺词通读全文，经行预判3.瞻前顾后，仔细填空，注意单词的变形针对性练习:forget， bring， mend， beside， luck，pick，same， differently， I ， every，stop， eachMr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1him brokenumbrellas, and the n he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2there.One day

15、 Mr. Brow n went to London by trai n. He 3to take an umbrella with him that day.Sitti ng in front of him was a man with an umbrella sta nding 4the seat. When the train arrivedin London, Mr. Brow n 5up the umbrella as he ofte n did duri ng his jour ney by train. Just as hewas getting off, he was 6by

16、the man. He said angrily, “ That _! Mr.Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.When Mr Brow n got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good lookat 8of them, he said,“ You ve mended them very well. ”In the after noon he got into the train aga

17、 in. The 9man was in the same seat. He looked atMr Brown and his s ix umbrellas, “ You vfe0had aday, ” he said.before, discover , fast, in, come, watch , so, fast it, ago , shine, not canLight travels at a speed （速度）which is about a million times 1 than that of sound.2one sec on d, light travels abo

18、ut 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. Youcan get some idea of this differe nee by 3the start of a running match. If you sta nd far awayfrom the starter（发令员）,you can see smoke 4 from his gun 5 the soundreaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some stra nge facts. The n e

19、arest star is 6far away thatlight which you can see from it toni ght started to travel to you four years 7at a speed of n earlytwo million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonight s started on 8ourntowards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be honest, we 9say, “ Thestars

20、are shining brightly tonight. Wehave to say, “ The stars look n ice. They were 10four years ago but their light has just reachedour earth. ”all, any, behave, differenee , drink , eat, enjoy, fine , other, real, surprise, theseOnce there was a teacher who took all his stude nts for tea. What made the

21、 stude nts 1wasthat all the cups on the table were 2. Each of them took a cup and started 3their own tea, look ing at the 4cups.The teacher said; Do you no tice your 5? You are all look ing at each others tea cups and6of you even envy （羡慕）the 7cups of others.Then he went on: I put thediffere nt cups

22、 here on purpose! Life is like 8tea. You all have the same thing in your cups tea. And yet you cant 9enjoy it in your envy of ano thers cup. You forget10your own life whe n you envy some one elses life. So now, taste your own tea! Does it matterfrom which cup it comes from?（四）much , arm , wait, see,

23、 when , spend, she, worry , have , growOnly Mother Love is true love. It gives everybody everyth ing all his life. 1you are stilla baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your wak ing hours she always holds you inher 2. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after

24、 you day and night andforgets about 3. When you are 4up day by day, she feels very happy. Whenyou are old eno ugh to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold win ter days, she always tells you to put on 5clothes. She always sta nds in the wind 6for you back fromschool. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always fee