[大学英语考试复习资料]北京成人本科英语真题2008年04月

1、大学英语考试复习资料北京成人本科英语真题2008年04月大学英语考试复习资料北京成人本科英语真题2008年04月北京成人本科英语真题2008年04月Part Reading ComprehensionThere are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 1 Looking back on my ch

2、ildhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed (紧抱的) flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages, I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmet

3、ic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. (76) Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of dogs,

4、the farm animals, the local birds and above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil, reading about other peoples o

5、bservations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle (谜), because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the ti

6、tle of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine th

7、e two, you get the best of born worlds. 1. According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be _.A.full of enthusiasmB.self-disciplinedC.full of ambitionD.knowledgeable答案:A解析 本题考查考生对文章细节的把握。根据题干关键信息“a born naturalist should first of all be”，定位到原文第三段第二句话“I have a strong love of the natu

8、ral world，and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations”A项“full of enthusiasm”是“strong love”的同义替换。由此可知，答案为A。B项“self-disciplined”在最后一段第二行提到过，但是作者说这恰是一种“我”缺乏的品质，“a quality I lack”。而C项和D项文章中均未提到。2. The first paragraph tells us that the author_.A.lost his hearing when he was a childB.didnt lik

9、e his brothers and sistersC.was born to a naturalists familyD.was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood答案:D解析 本题考查考生对段落大意的把握。A项是对“I had no ear for music and languages”的曲解，句子本意是“没有音乐和语言的天赋”，而不是“自幼失聪”。B项是对“Unlike them”的误读，句子本意是“和他们不一样”，而不是“不喜欢他们”。C项文章中未提及。用排除法并结合下文可知答案为D。3. The author say

10、s that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he_A.just reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesB.comes up with solutions in most natural waysC.has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticD.lacks some of the qualities required of scientist答案:D解析 本题

11、考查考生根据已知信息进行推断的能力。根据题干“作者说自己是一个博物学家而不是科学家，可能是因为他认为自己”，可知出题人是在对“科学家”和“博物学家”进行比较，因此定位到第四段：“one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack”可知答案为D。第三段作者提到自己喜欢阅读其他人的观察记录和新发现，但是并没有说除此之外的书籍一律不读?而且这也不是“科学家”和“博物学家”的区别所在，因此A项不正确。B项“用最自然的方法提出解决方案”文章未提及。C项“在心算方面有很大麻

12、烦”不是作者要着重强调的。4. The author cant remember his relatives clearly because_.A.he was fully occupied with observing natureB.he didnt live very long with themC.the family was extremely largeD.he was too young when he lived with them答案:A解析 本题考查考生对文章细节的把握。根据题干关键词“remember”、“relatives”可知应定位到第二段。作者记不住那些亲戚的原因是

13、他只顾观察那些动植物、昆虫之类的自然世界了。所以答案为A，他忙于观察自然。B项他和他们在一起住的时间不够长，文章并没有提到时间长短问题。C项“家庭实在太大”不符合文章主旨。D项“和他们在一起时他太小”也未提到。5. Which of the following statement is true?A.The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.B.The authors brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.C.The author rea

14、d a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.D.The author spent a lot of time working on riddles.答案:B解析 本题考查考生对文意的理解。作者的主要观点是：“博物学家”是天生的，而“科学家”是后天培养的。而文章并未提到天生的博物学家是否能够成为科学家，因此A项是错误的。B项可以根据第一段的“Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages, I was not an early reader and I could

15、not do mental arithmetic”得出。C项错在“and the oil industry。第三段的“burning the midnight oil”是“开夜车，点灯夜读”的意思，而不是“石油工业”。D项作者花大量时间解答谜语，这一选项的迷惑性较大。它是对第三段“Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle”的误解。文章原意是作者通过大量的观察、讨论和阅读之后，会突然发现自己找到了这些谜团的答案，因而感到欣喜和快乐，而不是花大量的时间空想这些谜团应如何解答。 长难句分析 1Nor do I recall clearly

16、 the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door我也记不清楚当时在隔壁聚会的大家庭中的祖父母、姑妈、叔叔和堂兄妹们。 这是一个以否定词Nor开头的倒装句，正常语序为“I do not recall.”。同时who引导的定语从句修饰the large family。 2But curiosity, a keen eye，a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist

17、; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack但是，好奇心、敏锐的眼睛、良好的记忆力和对动植物世界的喜爱并不能够造就一个科学家；科学家最突出并且必要的品质之一是自律，一种我所缺乏的品质。 此句是以分号隔开的并列对比句。开头的but表示转折，前半句的难点在于句子的主 语较长，“curiosity，a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world”合在一起作主语。后半句

18、中“a quality”是“self-discipline”的同位语。“I lack”是省略了that的限制性定语从句。 Passage 2 If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are. Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a ki

19、lometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety. The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve

20、 outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a co

21、uple of friends to dine free of charge. The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. (77)They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly. With so many loopholes (漏洞) in ev

22、eryday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages”. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.

23、And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”. (78)In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard agai

24、nst others? 1. While taking a taxi in Finland, _.A.a passenger can go anywhere without having to pay the driverB.a passenger pays two US dollars for a taxi rideC.a passenger can never be turned down by the taxi driver wherever he wants to goD.a passenger needs to provide good faith demonstration bef

25、ore they leave without paying答案:C解析 本题考查对句子细节的理解。根据第二段“You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place”可知C项正确。A项错在不付钱是当时有重要业务要参加的时候，而不是任何时候都不付钱。况且第四段提到所有的乘客都会在办理了紧急业务后回来付车费。文章中“with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer”意思是每公里2美元，而不是B项说的每次乘车都是2美元。D项未提到要先提供减信的范例。2. We know from th

26、e passage that big hotels in Finland_.A.provide meal for only those who live in the hotelsB.provide meals for any dinersC.provide free wine and charge for foodD.are mostly poorly managed答案:B解析 本题考查对细节的把握。根据第三段第一句话可知B项正确。A项错在“only those who live in the hotels”，与原文相反。C项错在“charge for food”，与原文相反。D项不符合文

27、章的主旨。3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The workers in Finland are paid by the hour.B.The bosses in Finland are too busy to check the working hours of their employees.C.The workers are always honest with their working hours.D.The workers and their bosses will make an ag

28、reement in advance about the pay.答案:B解析 本题考查对文章句子细节的把握。根据文章意思，可知芬兰的老板不检查雇员的工作时间是因为相信雇员是诚实的，而不是太忙顾不上。因此B项不正确，符合题干要求。其他三项均可以从文章中找到出处。4. The word “those” in the last paragraph probably refers to _.A.people who often take taxisB.people who often have meals in big hotelsC.people who are dishonestD.people

29、 who are worthy of trust答案:C解析 本题指示代词考查词汇在特定语境中的含义。定位到第五段第一句，“日常生活中有如此多的漏洞，对于那些喜欢占小便宜的人来说，芬兰简直是一个天堂”。因此，“those”指代的是“people who are dishonest”。5. It can be concluded that_.A.Finnish people are not smart enough in daily lifeB.Finland has been a good place for cheatsC.the Finnish society is of very hig

30、h moral levelD.all the Finns are rich答案:C解析 本题考查的是对文章主旨的理解。所以C项正确。D项未提及。A和 B两项均是对文章主旨的曲解。 长难句分析 1They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate.他们一和老板就每小时发多少工资达成协议后，在很大程度上就靠他们自己了。as soon as引导时间状语从句。on ones own独自地，独立地，主动地 2In a society of such high moral practic

31、e, what need is there for people to be on guard against others?在道德水准如此高的社会里，还有什么必要去提防别人呢?反义疑问句。正常语序是：There is no need for people to be on guard against others. Passage 3 There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life. Nowadays, people are

32、very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations. The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place t

33、o another quickly. Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, PlayStations and Xboxes have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle. The media provide entertainment and info

34、rmation. (79) Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with “perfect” body images, the need to buy the most fashionable c

35、lothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do. Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. (80)Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make

36、 it difficult to lead a healthy life. Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthyif he/she is motivated enough! 1. The passage is mainly about _.A.benefits of a healthy life s

37、tyleB.demands of daily lifeC.factors affecting a healthy lifestyleD.a positive approach to healthy living答案:C解析 本题考查考生对文章主旨大意的把握。C项“影响健康生活方式的因素”正确。其他三项都是以偏概全。2. The word “sedentary” in Paragraph 4 probable means _A.having a lot of things to doB.involving little exercise or physical activityC.being i

38、solated from the outside worldD.experiencing a lot of stress答案:B解析 本题考查特定语境中的词汇含义。答案定位到第四段。有关电脑、 DVDs、CDs、电视、游戏机的休闲活动都是需要坐着进行的，因此锻炼和身体活动较少。所以B项正确。3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor leading to the popularity of fast food?A.Cheap price.B.The media.C.Busy lifestyle.D.

39、Convenience.答案:A解析 本题考查考生对细节的把握。定位到第五段。只有A项未提及。4. Which is NOT listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle?A.Pollution.B.Economic factors.C.Dependence upon cars.D.Influence of family or friends.答案:B解析 本题考查细节和推断。A项和C都很直接地说到了。而D项隐含在第一、六段之中。父母都上班，孩子就必须承担更多的家务；朋友、家人吸烟，会导致被动吸烟。

40、而B项是没有提到过的。5. According to the author, _ may be the most important factor influencing healthy lifestyles.A.technologyB.cultural backgroundC.environmentD.the desire to be healthy答案:D解析 本题考查考生对作者态度的把握。定位到最后一段，可知作者的观点是只要你有足够强烈的动机，任何人都可以过上健康的生活。 长难句分析 1Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fi

41、ts easily into busy lifestyles.不幸的是，他们也推广快餐，快餐很容易融人繁忙的生活方式中。 which引导定语从句修饰fast food。 2Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.在被动抽烟不可避免的环境中，过上健康的生活是很困难的。 where引导同位语从句，解释说明Environments的内容。 Part Vocabulary and StructureIn this part, there are 30 incom

42、plete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.问题:1. Hearing the gunshot, all the birds flew _ every direction.A.inB.onC.toD.toward答案:A解析 固定搭配：in every direction(向各方面，向四面八方)。朝方向：in the direction of。direction除了“方向

43、”的意思外，还有“指导”的意思：under the direction of (在指导下)；directions for use(用法说明)。问题:2. The factory had to _ a number of employees because of the economic decline in the country.A.lay outB.lay offC.lay asideD.lay down答案:B解析 本题是近似词组辨析。lay off的意思是“解雇”；lay out的意思是“展示，花钱，严厉批评(lay sb.out)”；lay aside的意思是“搁置，积蓄”；lay

44、down的意思是“放下，放弃，制定(法规)”。为了便于记忆，可以各记一个例句：lay off employees (解雇员工)；lay out merchandise (展出商品)；lay aside her knitting to rest her eyes for a moment(把她正编织的东西放下，让眼睛歇一会儿)；laid down their arms(缴械投降)。问题:3. His parents _ his money, so he is in trouble now.A.cut offB.cut throughC.gave upD.brought down答案:A解析 本题

45、同样是近似词组辨析。cut off意思是“切断，断绝”；cut through意思是“抄近路走过，刺穿”；give up意思是“放弃”；bring down意思是“打倒，击落，打死，降低。”问题:4. Can you _ the difference _ the two phrases?A.tell, betweenB.speak, fromC.say, ofD.talk, between答案:A解析 本题考熟词僻意。tell基本意思是讲述，除此以外还有辨别，区分的意思，例如：Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?(你能把汤姆和他的孪生兄弟分辨开吗?)问

46、题:5. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, _ him or her leave a message.A.haveB.getC.askD.tell答案:A解析 固定搭配：have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。类似的表达还有make sb. do sth(强迫性的)逼某人做某事；let sb. do sth.允许某人做某事。问题:6. There is no doubt _ you will pass the exam this time. You have worked so hard in the past months.A.wh

47、etherB.thatC.ifD.what答案:B解析 宾语从句，引导词用that。由于主句是否定句，所以引导词用that。若doubt用于肯定句，则可用whether，if。问题:7. I _ the boy to save money, but he wouldnt listen.A.hopedB.suggestedC.wantedD.made答案:C解析 想让某人做某事：want sb. to do sth.；建议某人做某事：suggest sb. doing sth.。hope不加双宾语：hope to do sth.hope for sth.接宾语从句。问题:8. I made a

48、call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _ of them answered it.A.eitherB.noneC.neitherD.nobody答案:C解析 两者同时否定用neither，三者及以上用none，两者之中选一个用 either。(例如：Either we go now or we remain here forever.要么我们现在走，要么我们永远在这里待下去。)问题:9. No matter _ he is able to come to the party or not, we will invite him.

49、A.whenB.whetherC.howD.why答案:B解析 固定搭配whether.or not不论与否。问题:10. The idea _ to him in his dream and he decided to carry it out.A.happenedB.struckC.appearedD.occurred答案:D解析 固定搭配occur to想起，想到。happen to(和名词连用)临到头上(某情况，尤指不幸的事)；(和动词连用)偶然；碰巧。It appears to me that.据我看来，我觉得。strick在表示“突然想起”的意思时直接接人：The thought

50、struck me from out of the blue我突然有了这个想法。问题:11. He would have paid _ for the house if the salesgirl had insisted because he really wanted it.A.twice as muchB.much as twiceC.as much twiceD.twice much as答案:A解析 固定搭配，两倍的：twice as much。问题:12. They decided to chase the cow away _ it did more damage.A.unles

51、sB.untilC.beforeD.although答案:C解析 根据句意可知，应选“在之前”，所以用before。其他三项均不合题意。问题:13. We wanted a new table for dinner, so my father bought _ from a furniture store yesterday.A.itselfB.oneC.himselfD.another答案:B解析 根据句意可知，我父亲从家具店买了一张(桌子)带过来，应选 one，其他三项均不合题意。问题:14. A library with five thousand books _ to the nati

52、on as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered答案:A解析 根据句意可知，一个拥有5000藏书的图书馆被作为一个礼物送给了这个国家。主语是一座图书馆，所以选A。问题:15. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As答案:D解析 As引导的特殊定语从句。固定词组：as is often the case像往常一样。问题:16. It is no _ talking to him, beca

53、use he will never change his mind.A.helpB.useC.timeD.way答案:B解析 固定句型。use这里是“益处”的意思。常用谚语：It is no use crying over the spilt milk牛奶洒了，哭亦无益；覆水难收。问题:17. The way I thought of_the animal was of great value.A.protectingB.protectC.being protectedD.to protect答案:D解析 我提出的那个保护动物的方法非常有价值。不定式作定语。问题:18. In another

54、year or so, you _ all about it.A.forgetB.would forgetC.have forgottenD.will have forgotten答案:D解析 大概一年以后，你就会完全忘记它了。将来完成时。问题:19. No one here believes the reason _ he gave for his lateness.A.thatB.whyC.for whichD.what答案:A解析 定语从句，以that为引导词修饰reason。问题:20. The novel I bought last week is worth _ , I think

55、.A.readingB.being readC.to readD.to be read答案:A解析 本题考查worth的用法。be worth doing值得做某事，例如：Its worth seeing.它值得一看。 worth只能作表语，后接名词或动名词的主动形式：be+worth+doing。 worthy可作表语，也可作定语，后接of sth.或to do sth.。例如：This phenomenon is worthy of being studied./This phenomenon is worthy to be studied这种现象值得研究。作后置定语时，必须用worthy

56、 of+名词的形式，如：This is behavior worthy of praise这是值得称赞的行为。 比较：The second-hand house is worthy of being bought.The second-hand house is worth buying问题:21. After the fire, _ would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.A.thatB.itC.whichD.what答案:D解析 主语从句，“what would otherwise be a cultural center”作主语。问题:22. Did you notice the little boy _ away?A.took the candy and runB.taking the candy