外交声明的翻译

1、外交声明的翻译 文本概说 外交声明是指以国家、政府、政党、团体或其领导人名义，就某个或 某些问题和事件表明立场、观点、态度或主张的外交文书。用于在报 刊上公开发表，或向对方宣读后交给对方。按内容和作者可分为单发 声明和联发声明。 单发声明是以一个国家、政府、政党、团体及外交机关、新闻单位或其 领导人名义发表 的，性质庄严、郑重，在国际上特别重视和慎重使用， 其中以国家政府名义发表的声明意味其内容特别重要，实际是国家的 一种庄严宣言； 以外交部名义发表的声明，根据需要可加事实材料作其附件；新闻单位 奉命发表的声明，既是一种新闻消息的发布，又是代表政府对某些问 题所作的表态；以国家的一定单位(如外

2、交部新闻司)或个人 (如外交部 发言人) 用发表谈话的形式发表的声明，一般语调较客气、涉及的问 题较具体，其郑重性次于新闻单位奉命发表的声明。 联发声明又叫联合声明、共同声明，是由两个以上国家、政府、政党、 团体或其领导人联名发表的。其中由两国、两党或团体发表的，具有 共同宣言性质，或具有双方共同承担某些权利、义务的条约性质；由 两国领导人共同发表的，一般是在一方访问另一方时经协商、谈判之 后，就某些问题发表的共同立场、观点，或就某些问题表明共同承担 的权利与义务；会议声明多属政治性宣言，表达到 会各国对某些问题 的共同意愿、态度、主张或应共同遵守的原则等。 翻译范例 1 1 中国政府关于全面

3、禁止和彻底销毁核武器的声明 2000.11.7 P37-41 翻译分析 原文与译文的共同点 1. 文本结构相似 2. 语言庄重简洁 原文与译文的不同点 1. 原文中大量使用排比修辞，译文使用融 合与省略技巧忠实的表达了汉语句意。 2. 汉语原文主题突出，英语译文主语突出。 3. 名词修饰词位置不同。 译例解析 1. 外交声明翻译中修辞的转换：排比 2. 外交声明翻译中主题性移位： 从主题突出 到主语突出 3. 外交声明翻译中词汇特征的转换：名词修 饰语 翻译范例 2 2 第七届亚欧外长会议主席声明（节本） P45-48 译例解析 1. 外交声明翻译中词汇特征的转换：首字母 缩略词 2. 外交声

4、明翻译中翻译单位的确定：切分法 翻译实践 共建面向未来的亚太伙伴关系 亚太经合组织成立25周年声明 中国 北京 2014年11月11日 1.我们，亚太经合组织领导人聚首北京雁栖湖畔，举行亚太经合组织第 二十二次领导人非正式会议。我们今天共同发表声明，纪念亚太经合 组织成立25周年。 2.我们忆及，亚太经合组织于1989年应运而生，掀开亚太区域经济合作 的历史新篇章。25年来，亚太经合组织矢志不渝发展经济，改善民生， 共促繁荣，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化、经济技术合作“两个轮子” 一起转动。亚太经合组织全力帮助本地区经受亚洲金融危机、国际金 融危机的严峻考验，成为全球经济增长重要引擎。 3.我们

5、高兴看到，亚太经合组织已成为亚太地区层级高、领域最广、影 响力最大的区域经济合作论坛，正协力共建充满活力、繁荣发展的亚 太大家庭。 进步和成就 4.我们赞赏亚太经合组织自1989年成立以来取得的辉煌历史成就。过去 25年，亚太经合组织成员经济体平均实施关税降低超过10个百分点， 推动区域内贸易额和区域总贸易额提升7倍，亚太经济增速高于世界 其他地区。 5.我们认可并赞赏25年来亚太经合组织积累的许多成功经验： 秉持平等互利、相互尊重、开放包容、灵活务实、合作共赢的亚太经合 组织精神；遵循自主自愿、协商一致的合作原则。 确立茂物目标，提出发达成员于2010年前、发展中成员于2020年前实现 自由

6、开放贸易和投资的两个时间表。 亚太经合组织认识到贸易在创造就业、经济增长和可持续发展方面的关 键作用，同时重申世界贸易组织所代表的多边贸易体制价值及其中心 和首要地位。历史上，亚太经合组织一贯支持以规则为基础的多边贸 易体制并发挥引领作用，包括1994年推动完成乌拉圭回合，2001年 启动多哈发展议程，1996年成功达成信息技术协定，2012年启 动信息技术协定扩围谈判，2014年启动环境产品协定谈判以 及2013年达成“巴厘一揽子”协议。为支持“自由和开放的贸易和投 资”，亚太经合组织经济体承诺不采取新的贸易和投资壁垒，反对各 种形式的保护主义。 作为亚太和全球经济合作的先行者、引领者和开拓

7、者，亚太经合组织推 进最终实现亚太自贸区建设的进程，推动贸易便利化，颁发亚太经合 组织商务旅行卡，支持全球价值链发展，制定增长战略，推动环境产 品和服务贸易，提高供应链绩效，推进互联互通，加强实施良好规制 实践，解决下一代贸易投资议题。 在经济结构改革、标准和规制、妇女参与经济、卫生、教育和劳工、气 候变化、粮食和食品安全、能源安全和可持续能源发展、绿色经济、 蓝色经济、中小企业、信息通信技术、交通、基础设施建设发展和投 资、林业、矿业、反恐、防灾减灾和反腐败等广泛领域开展务实合作。 6. 亚太经合组织建立工商咨询理事会，成为工商界提供政策建议、推进 亚太经合组织议程的重要机制。产业对话和伙伴

8、关系在加强成员经济 合作和一体化方面发挥独特作用。我们重申公私合作对亚太经合组织 工作的重要贡献。 新机遇、新挑战 7.我们深知，25年后的今天，亚太经合组织和亚太经济体正站在新的历 史起点上，面临前所未有的机遇和挑战。 8.我们高兴地看到，亚太地区发展势头健康平稳，围绕改革和创新发展 的努力竞相展开，亚太作为全球经济增长引擎的地位进一步巩固。我 们对亚太地区的光明前景充满信心。 9.与此同时，我们仍面临各种重大挑战。我们认识到，全球和区域经济 合作机制蓬勃发展，亚太经合组织必须不断探寻创新合作路径，实现 本组织宗旨，继续紧跟世界经济潮流，发挥引领和协调作用。亚太经 合组织亟需巩固和推进区域经

9、济一体化进程，支持多边贸易体制，反 对任何形式的贸易保护主义，防范碎片化风险。 10.成员经济体亟需在后危机时期寻求新的增长点和增长动力。为此，各 经济体将加倍努力，致力于破解瓶颈，加强互联互通与基础设施建设， 以满足增长需要。共建面向未来的亚太伙伴关系。 11.今天，我们在此欢庆成就，展望亚太愿景和长远发展方向。我们致力 于巩固亚太经合组织作为本地区首要经济合作论坛的地位，推进可持 续经济增长和繁荣，促进亚太地区贸易投资的自由和开放。 12.我们承诺在亚太经合组织历史成就的基础上，本着互尊、互信、包容、 合作、共赢的精神，共建面向未来的亚太伙伴关系。 13.我们致力于共同打造发展创新、增长联

10、动、利益融合的开放型亚太经 济格局。 14.我们将继续发扬引领世界贸易组织发展进程这一骄傲传统，协同工作，维护 和加强有力和富有生机的多边贸易体制，增强世界贸易组织在全球经济治理 方面的引领作用 15.我们决心推动宏观经济政策协调，加强信息交流和政策对话，实现政策合力， 为地区经济增长创造良好政策环境。 16.我们重申2020年前实现茂物目标的承诺，将在既有进展的基础上，进一步加 大努力。发达成员愿为发展中成员提供支持和协助，帮助其实现茂物目标。 17.我们坚信本次经济领导人会议的决定将为建设充满活力、发展繁荣的亚太夯 实基础。 鉴此，我们重申以下决定： 实施亚太经合组织推动实现亚太自贸区北京

11、路线图，开展实现亚太 自贸区有关问题的联合战略研究，在现有区域自贸安排基础上，尽早 建成亚太自贸区。 实施亚太经合组织推动全球价值链发展合作战略蓝图，共建有利于 全球价值链发展合作的良好环境。 实施亚太经合组织经济创新发展、改革与增长共识。 实施亚太经合组织互联互通蓝图（20152025），决心在2025年前 完成各方共同确立的倡议和指标，加强硬件、软件和人员交往互联互 通，实现无缝、全面联接和融合亚太的远景目标。 18.我们决心共同探索适合自身实际情况的发展道路和发展模式，加强政 策协调和经验交流互鉴，为所有成员多元和共同发展培育良好环境。 19.我们承诺绿色和可持续增长，通过更紧密的务实合

12、作应对环境挑战。 20.我们承诺缩小发展差距，通过务实合作和相互帮助，实现共同发展。 21.我们重申支持亚太经合组织自身改革，促进机制自我完善。我们将从 机制、议题和贸易投资三个层面，加强亚太经合组织与其他国际和区 域合作组织的协调与互补，更好抓住机遇，应对复杂的跨境挑战，为 区域经济合作和全球经济治理做出更大贡献。 22.我们支持利益相关方参与亚太经合组织合作，使合作成就惠及亚太区 域更多民众。我们欢迎工商咨询理事会和其他私营部门代表积极参与， 承诺与工商界建立联系更紧密，合作更广阔的互动关系。 23.我们相信，通过上述努力，亚太地区必将迎来地区经济更加融合，政 策协调更加高效，经济和技术纽

13、带更加牢固，区域联通更加顺畅，与 世界其他地区联系更加紧密的光明未来。我们的持久承诺将确保亚太 地区的和平、稳定和繁荣。我们承诺为亚太经合组织下一个25年的合 作不懈努力，实现共同发展、繁荣和进步的亚太梦想。 参考译文 Statement on the 25th Anniversary of APEC 2014/11/12 STATEMENT ON THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF APEC Shaping the Future through Asia-Pacific Partnership Beijing, China 11 November, 2014 1. We, the

14、 Leaders of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), having met by Yanqi Lake, Beijing, China for the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, jointly issue this statement today to commemorate the 25th anniversary of APEC. 2. We recall the establishment of APEC in 1989, which opened up a new histori

15、c chapter for economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. Over the course of the past 25 years, in pursuit of economic growth, better wellbeing of people, and common prosperity of the region, APEC has propelled progress through two wheels - trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and econ

16、omic and technical cooperation. Having contributed to global efforts in meeting the grave challenges of the Asian Financial Crisis and the International Financial Crisis, APEC member economies have been the main engine of global growth. 3. We are pleased to note that APEC has become the premier, and

17、 most extensive and influential regional economic cooperation forum in the Asia-Pacific, unified in a common drive to build a dynamic and prosperous Asia-Pacific community. Progress and Achievements 4. We acknowledge the historical achievements and the remarkable results APEC has delivered since its

18、 establishment in 1989. In the course of the past 25 years, the average applied tariffs of APEC economies have fallen by more than 10 percentage points, contributing to a seven-fold increase in both intra-APEC merchandise trade and APECs total trade, as well as higher economic growth compared to the

19、 rest of the world. 5. We recognize with appreciation that many successful experiences can be drawn from the 25 years of APEC: - APEC has upheld the spirit of equality, mutual benefit, mutual respect, openness, inclusiveness, flexibility, pragmatism, and win-win cooperation; and followed the princip

20、les of cooperation, voluntarism, and consensus building - APEC has established the Bogor Goals, putting forward two timelines calling for the realization of free and open trade and investment by 2010 for industrialized economies and by 2020 for developing economies. - APEC recognizes the importance

21、of trade as a key to job creation, economic growth and sustainable development, and reiterates the value, centrality and primacy of the multilateral trading system as embodied in the WTO. Historically, APEC has been consistently supporting the rules-based multilateral trading system, and played a le

22、ading role in facilitating the conclusion of the Uruguay Round in 1994, launching the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) in 2001, and achieving a successful conclusion of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) in 1996, launching the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) Expansion negotiations in 201

23、2 and Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) negotiations in 2014, as well as achieving Bali Package in 2013. In support of free and open trade and investment, APEC economies committed to refraining from raising new trade and investment barriers and combating protectionism in all its forms. - APEC has

24、been a pioneer, pacesetter and pathfinder in regional and global economic cooperation, advancing the process towards the eventual realization of the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP), promoting trade facilitation, including expedited business travel through the APEC Business Travel Card, s

25、upporting the development of Global Value Chains (GVCs), launching the APEC Growth Strategy, promoting trade in environmental goods and services, improving supply chain performance, promoting connectivity, strengthening the implementation of good regulatory practices, and addressing the next generat

26、ion trade and investment issues. - APEC has carried out practical cooperation in a wide range of areas, including structural reform; standards and conformance; women and the economy; health, education and labor; climate change; food security and food safety; energy security and sustainable energy de

27、velopment; green economy; blue economy; small and medium enterprises; information and communications technology; transport; infrastructure development and investment; forestry; mining; counter- terrorism; emergency preparedness; and, anti-corruption. 6. APEC has established a mechanism through the A

28、PEC Business Advisory Council to receive valuable inputs from the business sector in its policy deliberations. APEC fully appreciates the active role played by business communities in advancing the APEC agenda. APEC industry dialogues and partnerships in a range of business sectors play a unique rol

29、e in enhancing the economic cooperation and integration among the member economies. We reaffirm the significant value that public-private activities have contributed to APEC work. New Opportunities and Challenges 7. We recognize that today, 25 years on, APEC and the Asia-Pacific economies are at a n

30、ew historical starting point, and are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges 8. We are pleased to note that the overall development of the Asia- Pacific region has been sound and steady. With multiple efforts to reform and promote innovative development, the Asia-Pacific region is consoli

31、dating its leading role as an engine of global economic growth. We are full of confidence in the bright future of the Asia- Pacific region. 9. At the same time, we are facing grave challenges in various aspects. We also realize that in a world of burgeoning global and regional economic cooperation i

32、nstitutions, APEC must constantly pursue new and innovative ways to achieve its objectives and continue to keep up with the global economic trends to play its leading and coordinating role. APEC is expected to consolidate and advance regional economic integration, support the multilateral trading sy

33、stem, resist protectionism in all its forms, and guard against the risks of fragmentation. 10. It is therefore imperative for member economies to find new areas and driving forces for growth in the post-crisis era. To this end, APEC economies are committed to redoubling efforts to achieve breakthrou

34、ghs on bottlenecks and work to ensure that enhanced connectivity and infrastructure development will meet the growing needs of the member economies. Shaping the Future through Asia-Pacific Partnership 11. Today, we gather to celebrate our successes and also look ahead, envisioning the future prospec

35、t and direction of the long-term development of the Asia-Pacific. We are fully committed to maintaining APECs profile as the premier forum for supporting sustainable economic growth and prosperity and advancing free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific. 12. We commit ourselves to buildi

36、ng upon APECs historical achievements, carrying forward the spirit of cooperation, and shaping the future through an Asia-Pacific partnership that is built on mutual respect and trust, inclusiveness, and win-win cooperation. 13. We are committed to jointly building an open economy in the Asia- Pacif

37、ic that is based on innovative development, interconnected growth, and shared interests. 14. Building on its proud tradition of leadership in advancing WTO process, we shall continue to work together to safeguard and strengthen the strong and vibrant multilateral trading system, so as to enhance the

38、 leading role of WTO in the global economic governance 15. We are determined to promote macroeconomic policy coordination, and enhance information sharing and policy dialogues, with a view to forging policy synergy, and creating a sound policy environment for the economic growth of the region. 16. W

39、e reaffirm our commitment to realizing the Bogor Goals by 2020, and will reinforce our efforts based on the progress already achieved. Developed APEC members are willing to provide support and assistance to developing members to help them realize the Bogor Goals. 17. We strongly believe that the dec

40、isions we take at this Economic Leaders Meeting will lay the foundation for a dynamic and prosperous Asia-Pacific in the years to come. To this end, we reaffirm the decisions taken: - To implement the Beijing Roadmap for APECs Contribution to the Realization of the FTAAP, and launch a collective str

41、ategic study on issues related to the realization of the FTAAP, with the goal of establishing the FTAAP as early as possible by building on ongoing regional undertakings; - To jointly create an enabling environment for GVC development and cooperation through the implementation of the APEC Strategic

42、Blueprint for Promoting GVC Development and Cooperation. - To implement the APEC Accord on Promoting Innovative Development, Economic Reform and Growth; and - To implement the APEC Connectivity Blueprint for 2015-2025 and achieve the overarching goal of strengthening physical, institutional and peop

43、le-to-people connectivity by taking agreed actions and meeting agreed targets by 2025, with the objective of achieving a seamless and comprehensively connected and integrated Asia-Pacific. 18. We are determined to jointly explore the development path and model suitable for each members specific circ

44、umstances. We will enhance policy coordination, experience exchange and mutual learning, and foster an enabling environment for diverse and common development of all member economies. 19. We are committed to green and sustainable growth, and addressing environmental challenges through closer practical cooperation. 20. We are committed to narrowing the development gaps and achieving common development through practical cooperation and mutual assistance. 21. We reaffirm our support fo