[自学考试密押题库与答案解析]英语词汇学自考题模拟1

1、自学考试密押题库与答案解析英语词汇学自考题模拟1自学考试密押题库与答案解析英语词汇学自考题模拟1英语词汇学自考题模拟1.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.问题:1. If we classify English words by use frequency, the two types of words are _.A.the

2、 basic word stock and nonbasic vocabularyB.content words and functional wordsC.native words and borrowed wordsD.functional words and notional words答案:A英语词汇可以按照不同的标准分成不同的类型。按照使用频率，英语词汇可以分成两大类：基本词汇和非基本词汇，即basic word stock和nonbasic word stock。问题:2. Which of the following prefixes can NOT be used to ind

3、icate time and order?A.Ex-.B.Fore-.C.Post-.D.Para-.答案:D表示时间顺序的前缀主要有：ex-，fore-，post-，pre-，re-等。“para-”的意思是“超越”，是表示程度和大小意义的前缀。问题:3. Inflectional affixes are those affixes that are attached to the end of words to indicate _.A.lexical relationshipsB.grammatical relationshipsC.functional relationshipsD.s

4、yntax structure答案:B词缀按照其功能可以分成两类：屈折词缀和派生词缀。屈折词缀是加在词的结尾表示语法关系的词缀，而派生词缀是和其他词素连接，生成新词的词缀。问题:4. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A.A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound.B.A grapheme is the smallest unit of writing.C.A sememe is the smallest unit of meaning.D.A morpheme is the smallest

5、unit of a word.答案:D词素是最小的、有意义的语言单位。换句话说，词素是“在词语的构成中最小的、起作用的语言单位”。问题:5. Which of the following is NOT from back-formation?A.To mass-produce.B.To lip-read.C.To nickname.D.To chain-smoke.答案:C通过逆生法构成的词语常见的有：lip read，chain smoke和mass produce等，它们分别来自lip reading，chain smoker和mass production。通过逆生法构成的动词主要通过去

6、掉如下后缀形成：-er，-ing，-ion等。题目中，“nickname”是通过转类法(conversion)形成的。问题:6. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into _ of words.A.the lexical and grammatical meaningsB.the origins and meaningsC.only the originsD.only the meanings答案:B问题:7. According to the textbook, the general estimate of the pres

7、ent-day English vocabulary is over _.A.500,000B.200,000C.1,000,000D.2,000,000答案:C问题:8. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: _.A.creation, conversion and borrowingB.creation, borrowing and back-formationC.creation, semantic change and borrowingD.semantic change, borrowing and ba

8、ck-formation答案:C现代英语词汇的发展方式主要有以下三种：创造新词(creation)，语义变化(semantic change)和借词(borrowing)。创造新词指的是使用英语中现存的材料，即词根(roots)、词缀(affixes)等构成新的词。语义变化指的是为了满足新的需要，一个旧的词语形式产生了新的意义。借词是指从其他语言中借取词语。问题:9. The Norman Conquest in 1066 introduced a large number of _ words into the English vocabulary.A.FrenchB.GreekC.Dani

9、shD.Latin答案:A公元1066年，来自法国的诺曼人侵占了英国，因此源源不断的法语词汇进入英语中。在此之前，有部分借词来自拉丁语；对英语影响较大的语言是日耳曼语(Germanic)。问题:10. Words can be classified according to the following criteria EXCEPT _.A.notionB.use frequencyC.foundationD.origin答案:C通过使用频率的不同，英语词汇可以分为基本词汇和非基本词汇；通过语法概念的不同可以分为实义词(content words)和功能词(functional words)；

10、通过起源的不同可以分为本族语词(native words)和外来语词(borrowed words)。问题:11. Basic words are characterized with _.A.polysemyB.collocabilityC.productivityD.all the above答案:D基本词汇有以下特点：民族性(all national character)，稳定性(stability)，能产性(productivity)，多义性(polysemy)和搭配性(collocability)。问题:12. The criteria of words include _.A.al

11、l national characterB.a cluster of lettersC.sound unityD.collocability答案:C问题:13. Which of the following is a case of suffixation?A.Hemisphere.B.Attempt.C.NATO.D.Respondent.答案:D后缀法(suffixation)指的是通过给词干(stems)加后缀而形成新词的方法。题目中的“respondent”意为“应答者；被告”，是由respond通过增添后缀形成的。“hemisphere”是通过前缀法(prefixation)形成的；

12、“NATO”是首字母拼音词(acronym)；“attempt”是通过转类法形成的。问题:14. The characteristic of native words is _.A.neutral in styleB.formal in styleC.informal in styleD.slangy in style答案:A和外来语词不同的是，本族语词具有“文体中性”和“使用频繁”的特点。问题:15. A multiped insect has _ feet.A.twoB.fourC.sixD.many答案:D.Complete the following statements with p

13、roper words or expressions according to the course book.问题:1. The _ approach in lexicological study is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time.答案: synchronic问题:2. Partial conversion and full conversion are concerned with _ when these words are converted to nouns.答案:

14、adjectives问题:3. Content words are changing all the time whereas _ words are stable.答案: functional问题:4. Prefixes are those affixes that are added to the head of words and they primarily change the _ of the stem.答案: meaning问题:5. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is the _.答案: mo

15、rpheme.Define the following terms.问题:1. clipping答案: Clipping is a way of making new words which involves the shortening of a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead.问题:2. root答案: Root is a morpheme which is the basic part of a word and which cannot be further an

16、alyzed without total loss of identity. /What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes.问题:3. word答案: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.问题:4. prefixation答案: Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to ste

17、ms. Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modify its meaning.问题:5. free morphemes答案: Free morphemes are independent of other morphemes and have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words.An

18、swer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.问题:1. What are the main sources of new words?答案: Generally, there are three main sources of new words: the rapid development of modern science and technology; social, economic and politi

19、cal changes; the influence of other cultures and languages.问题:2. What are the major differences between basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary?答案: Basic word stock have obvious characteristics: (1)All national character. (2)Stability. (3)Productivity. (4)Polysemy. (5)Collocability. Words, void of

20、the stated characteristics, do not belong to the common core of the language and are nonbasic words. .Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.问题:1. Analyze the morphological structure of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes: unfriendl

21、y, interpersonal, fore-telling.答案: Each of the three words consists of three morphemes; unfriendly(un+friend+ly), interpersonal (inter+person+al), fore-telling(fore+tell+ing). Of all the morphemes, only friend, person, and tell are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves. All the rest: un-, -

22、ly, inter-, -al, fore-, -ing are bound morphemes as none of them can stand alone as words.问题:2. Illustrate the difference of synchronic study and diachronic study of English lexicology with an example.答案: The synchronic approach is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time; it is the special descriptive lexicology that deals with the vocabulary and vocabulary units of a particular la