小升初名词专题及练习及易错题

1、名 词一教学内容1复习上节课的内容，巩固上节课的重难点2讲解新课内容A.名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词Linda琳达 boy 男孩 dog 狗 table 桌子 park 公园 Paris 巴黎peace 禾口平courage 勇气B 名词的分类总的来说，英语中的名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类专业 名 词人名、星期、月份、节日、城市、建筑、团体、机构的名称等Peter , Sonw White , Su nday , April , Christmas Day ,Chi na , Lo ndo n , the Un ited Natio ns 联合国，the Comm

2、u nist Party of Chi na中国共产党可个体名词doctor 医生，teacher 老师，数orange桔子，desk课桌名police 警察，people 人民，family 家庭，普集合名词通词army 军队 ，class 同学不time 时间 fun 玩笑， kindness 善意，名可抽象名词idea 主意，knowledge矢知识词数youth 青春，love 爱，名物质名词rice 大米，water 水, fire 火, air 空气词C.名词的数可数名词与不可数名词: 可数名词由单数变为复数形式，其构成方法分为规则和不规则两种可数名词复数变化规则一般名词复数构成法

3、构成法例词一般情况下，在名词单数形式的词尾加sbook-books, day-days, desk-desks以-s, -x, -ch , -sh，结尾的名词，在词尾加esclass-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes以辅音子母加-y结尾的名词，将 y变成i后加es以元音字母+y结尾的名词，直接 +scity-cities, cou ntry-cou ntries,factory-factoriesboy-boys,key-keys,guy-guys以-f或-fe结尾的名词，一般将 f或fe变成v后，再加esleaf-leaves,

4、wife-wives, life- lives,thief-thieves, kni fe-k ni ves, half-halves, shelf-shelves以辅音字母加o结尾的名词，一般在词尾加eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes， zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo -photos名词复数的不规则变化某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法构成法例词foot feet， man men变内部兀音tooth teeth， woman women ,policewoma n policewom

5、e n单复数同形fish-fish ,deer-deer ,sheep-sheep ,Chi nese-Ch in eseJapannese- Japanese, Swiss,yuan完全不规则child-childre n,mouse-mice,ox- oxe n主要词改复数boy stude nt- boys stude nts复合名词含 man禾口 woman 的前man doctor - men doctors后两个词都改复数woman teacher -women teachers注：有些词只有复数形式(1) 某些通常以复数形式岀现的名词。如:trousers, glasses（眼镜

6、）,shoes 等。英文中的不可数名词不易把握，我们不能按照汉语的思维去判断一个名词到底是可数还是不可数，因此，对 于不可数名词需要强化记忆，但总的来讲不可数名词是有规律的；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词，表示不可以计数的事物的名词叫不可数名词，一般不分单数和复数，这 类词通常不可以和不定冠词连接，也不可以加上基数词表示个数，因此，不可数名词要计量的话，就得用单位词，学过的不可数名词有：news， paper， milk， orange （桔子汁），bread， chalk，truth， water， rice，work， housework， homework， luck， ink， mea

7、t， money ， sugar，grass, ice 等等。1物质名词通常不可数液体 beer,blood,coffee,cream,honey,juice,milk,oil,tea,water,wine固体：bread,butter,cheese,ice,ice-cream,meat,beef,chicke n,fish气体：air,fog,smoke2抽象名词通常不可数 advice,a nger,beauty,c on fide nce,fu n,happ in ess,health,i nformati on ,love,peace,luck 3总称的名词通常不可数总称名词（不可数）

8、部分名词（可数）furniture（家具）chair,table,bedfruit（水果）apple,ora nge,ba nanajewelry（珠宝）ring（戒指），earring （耳环） necklace （项链）luggagebag（包）suitcase （手提箱）4不可数名词的度量1）不可数名词前面不能加冠词a/a n如:a water, a bread,an advice,a furniture 2）不可数名词没有复数形式女口： two waters,two breads， ten advices;不同类型的不可数名词所使用的量3）表示不可数名词的数量，可以借用量词（单位词）来

9、表示其量的概念词也不一样，一般规则如下:短语用piece, bit修饰的抽Advice/cake / chalk / ice / meata piece of n ews,two pieces of修饰词例词象名词，物质名词/ music / news/ paper/ work / sugar； a bit of bread / grass/ news/ trouble / wood/fur niture/in formati on.n ews,several pieces of fur ni ture用bottle,cup,drop,glass修饰液体beer,blood,coffee,mi

10、lk,tea,water,w ineseveral drops of blood, a glass of milk,two cups of coffeeE.名词的所有格名词中表示所有关系的形式叫名词所有格。在表示人或物品的所属关系时，就需要用到名词所有格。所有格有两种形式：一种是 -格，即在名词后面加-多用来修饰有生命的东西；另一种是of格，即在介词of后面加名词，多用来修饰没有生命的东西例如： Where is the teachers office ?中的 teachers一词情况改法例子一般情况名词的末尾加- sLily s roomtjhe girl s father以-s结尾的复数名

11、词名词的末尾加-Teachers Day复数名词不以s结尾加s名词的末尾加- sChildren s Day拥有东西时几个人共同拥有在取后一个人名加-sJim and Kate s kite（两人共同拥有的）分别拥有在每个人名后加- sJim s and kate s kite（各自拥有）表示店铺或某人的家所有格- S后面通常不岀现它所修 饰的名词，名词所有格直接表示具 体的意义The barbers 理发店The Whites 怀特家（2） Of 格名词代表的事物是没有生命，常用of组成的短语表示所有格，女如： the colour of the desk, a picture of a c

12、at ，thefirst less on of this term名词考点分析:考点一：名词的复数例题 写出下列单词的复数形式mouth boy Englishman wife story piano box potato 考点二： 名词的复数在句中的应用1. These are your .A apple B books C pen2. This is a .A women B man C men3. Look! There are some (sheep) and (fox) in the zoo.举一反三练习一 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. The (child) are talking

13、 to their teacher.2. In the past,none of the bus drivers were (woman)3. These are (boy) names.4. They are (woman) doctors.5. They are from (Japanese).二 单词选择1 We are and we speak .A Chinese,ChineseB Chinese ,ChinaC China,ChineseD Chinese,Chinese2. -Whos that ? -Hes my brother.A man B woman C men D wo

14、men3. Those girls are .A Americans B an American C Americas D American4. I want three and four milk,please.A bags,bottle B bag,bottle of C bags,bottle of D bags,bottles of5. I dont have any ,but I have some .A apple,juice B apple,juices C apples,juice D apples,juices名词练习按要求写出下列单词的复数形式1 man 2 woman 3

15、 banana 4 bus 5child6 foot 7 businessman 8 sheep 9 leaf10 dish 11 pen 12 deer 13 baby14 map 15 city 16 box 17 book 18 class19 hero 20 knife 21 car 22 fox 23 watch24 library 25 pear 26 skirt 27 shelf 28 cinema 29 eye 30 office 31 tomato 32 tooth 33 radio 34 zoo下列名词有没有复数形式，有的请在横线上写出来，没有的请在横线上画 “/ ”1.

16、mokey 2. class 3. cola 4. shelf 5. rice 6. nurse 7. peach _ 8. library9. dog 10. milk 11. dress _ 12. postman13. tooth 12. sister _ 15. sheep _ 16. cinema17. dish 18. wall 19. child _ 20. bread选择正确的词填空1 Those hamburgers are (Tom,Tom s).2 Nina is at (grandma s,grandmean)t,stherewyesterday.3 We have 1

17、6 new (light,lights).4 (The classroom s door,The door of the classroom)is broken.5 My friend Edward has three (child,children).6 Do you like eating (rice,rices)7 There re 4 (tea,cups of tea) on the desk.8 How many (wolfs,wolves) are there?9 I like (chicken,chickens) better than pork.下列名词的正确形式填空。1.Is

18、 this (apple) ? No, it isn t.2. What are these? They are ( orange).3. Pass me (pencil ).4. Give me some (egg)., please.5. Are those your ( shoe)? Yes, they are.6. Those shoes are ( Tom).7.Is the big (orange)Linda s?8. This (T-shirt) is big.9. How many (fish) are there in the river?10. They have some

19、 new (_ hat) .11. A pig s (ear) are big.选择题(? ? )1The girls are Lily and LucyA nameB names Cnames( )2 Is that in English?A a carB carC. cars( )3 How many can you see?A a colour BcolourC colours( )4 I have three .A. a sister B. sisters C. sister( )5One，two ，three ?five. Five .A. monkey B. monkeies C.

20、 monkeys( )6. Are you a ?A. boy B. bogs C. pen( )7 This is a .A boxB. bagsCboys( )8 She is a good .A teachers Bteacher Cboy( )9 They are A womanBwomans Cwomen( )10. There is on the table.A. box B. a box C. boxes( )11. There are two on the desk.A. pencil-boxB. pencils- boxC. pencil- boxes( ) 12. How

21、many are there in the room?A. girls B. girl C. boy and girls( ) 13. There are five in the classroom.A. children B. childrensC. childs() 14. They aren t from the same .A. faimilysB. familiesC. family() 15. They are having .A. a classB. a English classC. China class() 16. Are Tom s Chinese new?A. book

22、B. booksC. a book()17. The are in Room 304.A. studentB. a studentC. students() 18. Those new _ are for you.A. shirtsB. skirtC. shoe()19. The has some nice pictures.A. boys B. teachers C. child( ) 20. The are singing in the house.A. woman B. women C. man( ) 21. Some are eating grass on the hill.A. sh

23、eep B. hores C. cow()22. How many are there in the box?A. knife B. knifes C. knives()23. - Whose is it?- Maybe it s .A. jackets, Tom sB. jacket, Tom C. jacket, Tom s()24. Those are the books.A. teachers B. teachers C. teacher() 25. There re a lot of children in the park on Day.A. ChildrenB. Children

24、 s C. Childrens ( )26. It s bedroom.A. Amy and Anna sB. Amys and Anna s C. Amy and Anna() 27. That is dog.A. Jack sB. Jack sC. Jack( ) 28. coats are very nice.A. Jim and Tim sB. Jim s and Tim sC. Jim and Tim（） 29. September 10th is .A. Teacher s DayB. Teachers Day C. Teachers Day根据中文提示补全句子1. When you feel headache, you must stay in bed and take some （药） .2. My father likes collecting （邮票） .3