青贮玉米（Silage maize）

1、青贮玉米（Silage maize）Cultivation techniques of two cropping silage corn in one yearMain cultivation techniques of spring sowing Silage Maize1, preparation: 3 months late sowing irrigation before sowing water, April 1st before plowing, Mu was about 1.5 tons of high-quality manure, diammonium phosphate 2

2、0 kg, 15 kg urea, rake was to be into the broadcast state.2, selection of varieties: recommended precocious high-yielding, double spike rate high corn variety Lima No. 29 and Shi Yu 901.3, sowing: early April, when sowing seeds. Using cotton narrow film seeder for mechanical film sowing. (55cm30cm),

3、 row spacing of 25cm, the theory of number 6200 strains, the actual number of about 5500 plants seedlings.4, Dingmiao, cultivating, weeding: in late April 3 corn leaf dingmiao. During the whole growth period, 2-3 times were cultivated, and in the middle of April, the maize began to cultivate for the

4、 first time after the current, and every 10-15 days after cultivation, the soil in the corn growing period was kept loose. At the same time combined with artificial Weeding by pruning in tiller.5, fertilization, irrigation, chemical control, irrigation during the whole growth period of Spring Maize

5、in late May 3, with irrigation, irrigation, Topdressing Urea 15 kg per mu. The first 15 days after irrigation two.6, timely harvest harvest: July 1st in maize grain reached the Milky stage.Two, summer sowing Silage Corn Cultivation Techniques1, preparation before sowing: in early July the completion

6、 of irrigation before sowing with water and plowing, plowing, diammonium phosphate 30 kg per mu, rake was to be into the broadcast state.2. Breed selection: Shi Yu maize 901 is recommended for early maturity and high yield.3, July 10th: before sowing grab when sowing, the wheat sowing machine outdoo

7、r sowing. The row spacing of 30 cm, 20 cm spacing of reserved seedlings. The theory of number 11000 strains, the actual number of 9000 to 10000 plant seedlings. Plastic mulch cultivation can also be used.4, Dingmiao, cultivating, weeding after July 20th 3 maize leaf dingmiao. In the whole growth per

8、iod, 3 times were cultivated, and the first was cultivated in the late July, followed by the second cultivation in late, and the third in early August. At the same time, combine artificial weeding to shoot the tiller.5, fertilization, irrigation, irrigation during the whole growth period of 3 to 4 i

9、n early August, irrigation, irrigation combined with Topdressing Urea 20-25 kg per mu.6, harvest: in early October, when the corn reached the Milky ripe period, harvesting.Technical regulations for high yield cultivation of MaizeWith the improvement of peoples living conditions, it is imperative to

10、develop animal husbandry. The meat, eggs and milk that people want to eat are transformed by corn as the main feed. Therefore, maize should be produced under the guidance of stability of the area, increase yield per unit area, improve quality, accelerate transformation, and give full play to regiona

11、l production advantages.1., land selection and fertilityCorn has high yield potential, fat and salt resistance, and requires higher soil conditions. Corn in order to obtain high yield, generally requires soil organic matter in more than 1.2%, alkali hydrolysis nitrogen 60 ppm above, available phosph

12、orus 5 ppm or more, soil salt content below 0.2%. It is easy to obtain high yield of Alfalfa on the cultivated land, green manure land and perennial fertile soil.Fertility is a long-term work, should be reasonable arrangements to implement straw or crop rotation, manure fertilizer, organic fertilize

13、r and other measures to improve soil organic matter and available nitrogen and phosphorus.Selection of 2. varietiesThe selection of suitable fine hybrid is an important condition for high yield. In the greater than or equal to 10 DEG C temperature below 2800 DEG C area, should be planting early matu

14、ring varieties, such as Hudan 2000, Xinyu No. 9, No. 8, Beijing early in 9409, Chang Dan No. three; in the 2800 accumulated temperature to 3000 DEG C, can be planted in maturing varieties, such as in the original 32. Xinyu No. 6, Dongdan No. 7; temperature is over 3000 DEG C, can be planted in late

15、maturing and late maturing varieties, such as Nongda 108, Xinyu 11, Denghai 1, SC704 and Iran single 10 and Yedan No. 12, DK etc.Planting in summer corn after wheat harvest in southern Xinjiang, the temperature is over 1900 DEG C to the cultivation area, growth period is 80 to 90 days of appropriate

16、 varieties, temperature is over 2200 DEG C, plant growth period in 100 days or so varieties.3. soil preparation before seedingIn order to ensure the quality of sowing, the soil should have enough moisture. The soil contained in the topsoil is suitable, and the easiest way to determine the soil in th

17、e field is to knead the soil into a mass so that it falls into pieces when it falls naturally. At this time, soil preparation is easy to achieve the six words standard.Moisture: before sowing soil should be sufficient soil moisture (soil water holding capacity of 60 70%).Ping: land to level.Pine: th

18、e topsoil is loose, and the upper is hollow and the lower is hollow.Broken: no big clods.Clean: clean fields, no big stubble, grass roots.Qi: fields, edge angle, neat without leak plough.FourSowing time and sowing techniqueGrasp the good quality of sowing date and sowing is the key seedlings full an

19、d seedling evenly, Qi, Miao Zhuang, and the seedling condition is the base of yield formation, growth is not good, in order to obtain high yield is very difficult.4.1 sowing date: spring sowing corn, in the 10 cm soil temperature is stable at 1012 degrees or more, you can sow, if covered with plasti

20、c film, you can appropriate early sowing, mature ahead of time. At this time, Northern Xinjiang generally in mid late 4, southern Xinjiang in mid April.Summer corn in the wheat harvest time after sowing, in order to gain time, may take the following measures to grab broadcast:4.1.1 in wheat to be ha

21、rvested before watering wheat yellow, so that after the rush, rush in the harvest of wheat planting corn.4.1.2 sand land wheat harvest immediately after fertilization, planting and irrigation, to strive for the time.4.1.3 no tillage method, early sowing maize in time.The 4.2 method of sowing and see

22、ding quantity: the semi precision or precision sowing, sowing not only reduces the amount of labor, but also can save dingmiao. The precision seeding rate is 1.5 to 2 kg per mu, but the seed must be selected and graded, and the seed quality is up to the first grade standard. With the ordinary drill

23、grain sowing machine general per acre for 3 kg.Sowing depth: generally required to sow 68 cm deep, after sowing should be suppressed, so that the seeds and soil close contact.When sowing should always pay attention to check the quality of planting to ensure suitable sowing depth, seed distribution,

24、soil tightly, suppress indeed, found leakage sowing fault, should mark, promptly replant.5. suitable densityEnough number and suitable corn density is an important guarantee to gain high yield, too thick and too thin are difficult to obtain high yield. At present, the planting density of maize shoul

25、d be controlled by people, for example, green forage maize density can be increased to increase biomass production. The high density on soil nutrient and water demand increase between plants and plants, mutual shading effect between the accumulation of photosynthetic products, easy to form hollow st

26、alk; planting thin is because can not make full use of water and nutrients and sunlight to produce more nutrients, also can get ideal output.The suitable density for varieties of maize plant type, growth period and soil fertility size is different, the general kind of middle late maturing and late m

27、aturing species, 300 to 3500 lines per mu of reserved seedlings; medium 3500 to 4000 strains; early 4500 to 5000 strains of high soil fertility, compact plant leaves on the appropriate increase in density. The corn seedlings should be distributed evenly in the whole field.6. fertilizationFertilizati

28、on principle is applied with a good fertilizer, fertilizer, Topdressing Urea Fertilizer at jointing, booting again a. According to the relevant research data shows that every 100 kilograms of corn grain production, about 2.6 tons of pure nitrogen absorption, pure phosphorus 0.98 kilograms, pure pota

29、ssium 2.5 kg. Therefore, to reach more than 500 kilograms per mu, it is necessary to absorb 13 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 5 kilograms of pure phosphorus, 11 kilograms of pure potassium. In the medium fertility soil, because the soil nutrient and the application of Central Plains increased 2000 kg o

30、f organic fertilizer nutrients, but also difficult to offset by fertilizer utilization decreased when season without the use of nutrients, therefore, 500 kilograms per mu of corn by applying pure nitrogen and pure phosphorus should be more than the estimates. Reasonable management of top dressing is

31、 an effective measure to obtain high yield.Fertilizer application can be carried out by deep application, centralized application, timely application and graded application. The application of fertilizer as base fertilizer, fertilizer can be accounted for 50 of the total amount of fertilizer to 70%,

32、 organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer (except for some fertilizer as base fertilizer) all turn into soil, tillage depth of 20 25 cm, nitrogen fertilizer can also be used as fertilizer.Have a good effect of fertilizer on Maize Seedling Growth and later, a general fertilizer per mu available 12

33、 kg of pure nitrogen, pure phosphorus 1 1.5 kg; also can be added into the sieve residue, 1015 kg of sheep manure composting; also available nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer 5 kg. A fertilizer applied to the seed side 5 8 cm, 5 cm to 6 cm depth than the seed in the soil.Topdressing with n

34、itrogen fertilizer, such as the one in the water fertilizer, topping (jointing stage) before Mu 15 kg urea, then in furrow watering; large amount of fertilizer, when conditions permit, topdressing can be divided into two: first at the jointing stage, second at large bell stage (with second times irr

35、igation), Mu 10 kg urea, can be applied to the artificial color when seedlings from 10 cm deep, 8 10 cm in soil. When fertilization, be careful not to sprinkle fertilizer on the corn leaves, so as not to burn corn leaves; fertilization and irrigation with, and when the fertilizer effect; if two time

36、s the top dressing, second times the amount of fertilizer is better.7. irrigationSoil water irrigation (irrigation or irrigation) is to ensure the seedlings full and strong important conditions, soil water is about 80 cubic meters per mu,Pour deeply, thoroughly and evenly.During the growth period of

37、 maize, 35 times irrigation is usually carried out, and the first water is usually used at the jointing stage or later than the first topdressing. When the water content of the soil is low to 45 to 55% of the field water capacity, the leaves at noon appear wilting and curved, and the water can be ir

38、rigated when the leaves of the early and late leaves are unfolded. In late spring or Late Maturing Maize in water, roughly in the 50 60 days after sowing; multiple cropping early or in cooked corn in about 30 to 40 days after sowing irrigation. Water after every 15 to 20 days with a water. The whole

39、 growth period, such as 4 water, can be carried out at jointing stage, booting stage, flowering stage and milk stage respectively. In addition to the first water can be slightly larger, irrigation can be 60 cubic meters. Require irrigation, irrigation evenly, to ensure quality, water penetration sho

40、uld be more than 50 cm. Soil water content is often maintained above 50% of the field water capacity, and the filling period is no less than 60 to 65%. Corn Irrigation to ditching trickle, not flood irrigation.8. field management8.1 Ripper: weeding scarification and intertillage weeding, and tempera

41、ture raising, improve soil aeration condition. How many times the cultivation condition of soil compaction, the decision in irrigation before mechanical cultivation 2 3 times, artificial strains of hoe 1 2 times. The first row to shallow depth of 7 8 cm; then gradually deepened, and give up the root

42、s of the corn ditching. The cultivation should pay attention to the quality, prevent the seedlings from being pressed and shovel seedlings.8.2: Dingmiao thinning to early for good night, Dingmiao, leaving uniform seedlings. Such as neat emergence, in 3 to 4 leaves at thinning as well, the 6 7 leaf D

43、ingmiao, according to the provisions for seedling density. In the absence of seedlings can leave two strains, go to the weak, stay strong, go to the compound to stay true, and pull out the underground stems so as not to pull out and grow out.8.3: dunmiao dunmiao is to promote root growth, increase r

44、oot biomass, seedling formation of measures. The length of time should be considered at dunmiao seedling growth, soil type, moisture and fertility conditions. Time is not later than 89 leaves (panicle growth cone extension), otherwise affecting the development of the ear.8.4 defoliation (pruning): g

45、ood conditions of water and fertilizer plots, corn seedling stage to tillering, with intertill weeding to tiller, as seen with the.8.5 artificial pollination: when the corn is male, it encounters the unusual high temperature and the atmospheric drought, and when the field pollen quantity is insuffic

46、ient, or when the development of the male and female panicle is uncoordinated, artificial supplementary pollination can be adopted to prevent baldness and lack of grain. A simple way of artificial pollination is, in the corn pollination period, in the morning, a T-shaped sticks in rows around the be

47、am sticks gently shaking the maize tassel, promote dispersal.9. pest control9.1 place tiger9.1.1: using a black light trapping adult or sweet and sour liquid around the corn into the trap; Yang branch to trap; the carbofuran microparticles 170 grams / mu, and at the same time to sow the seeds; 1: 1

48、drops of Trichlorfon and fear, adding 100 200 times for root irrigation.9.1.2 chemical control: use 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 100 grams, add water 10 kg, mix corn seeds 6080 kg.9.1.3 agricultural control: spring sowing corn can be planted as early as possible. When the land tiger occurs in

49、 large quantities, the seedlings of maize have been larger and the tissues are aged, which can reduce the harm of the tiger.When a large number of 9.1.4 tigers occur, they can be irrigated, submerged, or destroyed.9.2 corn borer9.2.1: agricultural control spring before processed corn straw, to reduce insect source.9.2.2 pesticide control: use 1.5% phoxim granule 250500 grams / mu, add sand 2.5 3 kilograms, apply soil.9.2.3 biological control: using Trichogramma, in the beginning period, pea