征收集体所有土地补偿安置方案公告 T...96

1、 The Gift of Sleep: Promoting Healthy Sleep Habits for Infants and Toddlers Jean Twomey, PhD Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Mindell & Owens, 2003 Sleep as a Developmental Milestone lDifferent than other developmental milestones lSleep affected by circumstances illness, stress, new environment Com

2、mon Infant/Toddler Sleep Problems lDay/night reversal lTakes long time to fall asleep lCan only fall asleep under special conditions lBedtime struggles lFrequent/prolonged night wakings lLimited nap times lInsufficient sleep lNightmares Lessons Learned lTake a careful history Determine factors that

3、are influencing sleep Parents need to feel understood understand how situation evolved, what strategies will be most effective lParents have to believe they are doing something for their child lConsistency is key lThe more parents intervene, the more the dependent child becomes on parental intervent

4、ion lParents cannot sleep for their children Routines as a Foundation for Healthy Sleep lRoutines & regularity reassuring to infants & toddlers lEstablish regular, but not rigid, times for meals naps bedtime Establish a Bedtime lMake bedtime the “anchor” of the day lChoose a time that works for your

5、 family lBedtime routine in room where child sleeps low lighting quiet, soothing activities music, reading no TV Promote Positive Sleep Associations lBabies develop sleep associations early 8-10 weeks lConsistent, soothing bedtime routine leads to sleep associations Same time, same place, same activ

6、ities lLimit the bedtime routine to 30 minutes The Transition to Sleep lEventually end the bedtime routine ends by placing infant in crib on back drowsy, but awake lNo napping 1 - 2 hours prior to bedtime lIf old enough, give baby a transitional object special blanket, moms t-shirt, or other soft ob

7、ject infant can use to self soothe & be reminded of mom Benefits of Bedtime Routine lPromotes self soothing lBaby/child learns how to transition to sleep without having to rely on external help lHelps babies maintain sleep Night Wakings lNormal part of sleep Self-soothers Signalers lAssociated with

8、how the child falls asleep at bedtime lChild will seek the same activities to transition back to sleep in the middle of the night (e.g., rocking, feeding, parents presence) Sleeping Through the Night lSleep through night between 3 to 6 months Defined as not waking between midnight & 5 AM 25% to 50%

9、of children over 6 months continue to have night wakings (Mindell, et al., 2006) lNight feedings Typically not physiologically necessary after 6 months Infants who transition to sleep at bedtime using bottle or breast, may want bottle or breast to transition back to sleep in the middle of the night

10、Breast fed babies likely to awaken more frequently for feedings than bottle fed babies Exclusive breast-feeding parents average 40-45 more minutes of sleep each night than parents who used supplementation (Doan, et al., 2007) Twins & Sleep lWork towards getting the babies on the same schedule Feedin

11、g, bedtime, morning wake-up lSleep in same crib/room lBabies can learn to tune out the other Bedtime Struggles lBedtime refusal, stalling, “curtain calls” lSet clear limits lParental inconsistency can reinforce childs behaviors Parents may need to change their behaviors to promote child behavioral c

12、hanges lReward system can help increase positive habits Nightmares lScary dreams that usually wake the child Usually peak between 3 to 6 years old lTo reduce likelihood Avoid letting child see frightening or over stimulating movies, stories, TV shows Reduce childs worries Make sure child is getting

13、enough sleep lResponse Reassurance Use of security object Nightlight can be helpful Naps lChoose a regular time for naps Anticipate infants needs Being overly tired contributes to increased fussiness & more difficulty falling asleep For children taking 1 nap, having nap immediately after lunch helps

14、 create clear routine lSleep in same place for naps & at night lIntroduce naps with a shortened version of bedtime routine Impact of Sleep Problems on Parents lFatigue lStress lDecreased sense of competence lMental health lMay negatively impact Parent-child relationship Parental relationship Family

15、functioning Take Care of Yourself l Optimize opportunities for sleep l Good nutrition & self-care important l Need time to re-energize, relax l Build time into busy schedules to spend together as a couple l Let family & friends know when you need help l Seek professional help when needed Infant/Todd

16、ler Sleep Clinic Contact Information Barry Lester, PhD, Director Pamela High, MD Heather Chapman, MD Gisela Porras, MD Jean Twomey, LICSW, PhD 50 Holden Street 1st Floor Providence, RI 02908 401-453-7690 8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgR

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