现在完成时和一般过去时导学案

1、八年级上导学案Unit Four Language Period 1一、 教学目标： 1. 能区分现在完成时与一般过去时在动词结构、时间状语搭配以及所表达的意义上的区别。2. 能根据上下文判断该使用一般现在完成时还是过去完成时。3. 能运用现在完成时或一般过去时描述图片或生活场景。二、教学内容 学习现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。三、教学过程 Step1. 课前热身（课前朗读）Read the sentences loudly, try to find out some rules.请大声朗读下面的句子，尝试去找出一些规律。1. I closed the door an hour ago I h

2、ave already closed the door.2. I saw the film yesterday. I have seen the film before.3. He lived here in 1972. He has lived here since 1972.4. - Have you finished your homework?- Yes, I have. -When did you finish it? - I finished it last night.5. I had lunch just now.I have just had lunch.6. It rain

3、ed this morning.It has been rainy these days.Step 2. 呈现并学习新内容1. 考考你：（见课件）Can you make sentences according to the pictures? Which tense should you use?你能根据图片造句吗？你应该用哪种时态呢？2. 尝试归纳：1）一般过去时的定义：表示_(过去某个时间/现在某个时间)发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示_（过去/现在）的时间状语连用，如：_等。2）结构：动词的_式。3）规则动词过去式的构成 1. 一般在动词原形末尾加 _look lookedplay p

4、layed2. 结尾是 e 的动词加_live livedhope hoped3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先_这个辅音字母，再加_。stop stoppedplan planned4. 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“_”为“_”再加_study studiedcarry carried3. 考考你：（见课件）Can you complete the sentences with the picture and the given words? 你能根据图片和所给单词完成句子吗？4. 尝试归纳：1）定义：现在完成时表示_发生的动作对_还产生影响；或表示_已经开始但持续到_的动

5、作或状态。(过去/现在) 2）结构：肯定句:_+_+_否定句:主语+_+ _疑问句:_ +_+ PP 3）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语或副词。 _已经，用于肯定句；_ 还，用于否定句或疑问句的句末_曾经，一般用于疑问句_从不，表否定_自从， +时间点_经历、持续，+时间段_多长时间_刚刚 _在之前，用于句末_如今，这些天5. 语法探究：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。（请看动画）Step 3. 语言运用课堂检测一：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. She _there two years ago. (live)2. She _ there since two years ago. (live)3.

6、 How long _she _ there? ( live) 4. When _ she_ there? (live)课堂检测二：中考链接( )1. Its 7:30. I cant believe you _ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. havent started B. didnt start C. dont start D. hadnt started( ) 2. -_has this food store been in business? A. How long B. How often C. How old D. How soon( ) 3. Th

7、e bus _ suddenly when a group of students ran onto the road. A. stops B. stopped C. has stopped D. is sopping( )4. The little girl _ her cup a moment ago, but luckily it isnt broken. A. dropped B. is dropping C. had dropped D. was dropping( ) 5. Hi, Mr. Smith, I didnt know you were in New York. How

8、long _here？ A. did you come B. were you C. have you been D. will you comeStep 4.拓展运用1. Make sentences with them. 用下面的单词或短语造句。 1) get up last Sunday_2) live since 1999_3) finish already _4) play yesterday _5) study for five years_2. Correct mistakes. 改错。It was Sunday. I get up early. After breakfast I cleaned my room. Then I have done my homework. I goes shopping with my mother in the afternoon. when I returned home, I playing badminton with my father. In the evening, I surfs the Net and read books.