B1U3Grammar非限制定语从句

1、M1U3 Grammar 非限制性定语从句My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.（ 限制性定语从句 ）My cousin, whose father is a teacher, wants to be an actor. （ 非限制性定语从句 ）【区别】： 限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。A. This is the place where I lived ten years ago. B. She is going to spend the winter holid

2、ay in Macao, which returned to China in 1999. A. He is a man who I can ask for help. B. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday. 限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。 I have a sister who works in a hospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。（不只一位姐姐） I have a sister, who works i

3、n a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐） All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类） All the magazines here, which have beautiful pictures, were written by him.所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。（杂志只有一种） 有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。Fill in the blanks with pr

4、oper relative words.1. The famous basketball star, _ is an American, came to China yesterday.2. In those days, she used to go to Mr black, with _ she had a wonderful time.3. I bought a car yesterday, _ cost me a lot.4. Xian, _ I visited last year, is a nice old city.5. He will come to see me next Ju

5、ly, _ he wont be so busy.6. The school, _ I once studied, was built thirty years ago.【归纳】非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词关系代词：which / who / whom / whose / as 关系副词：when / where/why(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)比较复杂的定语从句1.名词+介词+关系代词This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teache

6、r_ is a famous doctor.2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数） We have three foreign teachers, _are from Canada. (其中的两个） There are 60 students in our class, _ are girls.(五分之三)3. 代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all, both, none, neither, either, some, any等） The old woman has two sons, _ are teachers.（两个都是）4. 形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China h

7、as thousands of islands, _ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）5.介词+关系代词+名词He spent four years in college, _ he studied medicine.（在那段时间内）Exercises:1. There are many girls here, _. （她们中没有一个喜欢足球）2.China has a lot of famous writers, _. (其中一个是鲁迅)3.China has a lot of islands, _. （其中一个是台湾）4. The tower is 40 meters hi

8、gh, _（在它的顶部）we can see quite a large part of city.5. I used to live in a house, _( 在它的前面) grew a tall tress.6.I have a lot of friends, _（其中有一些） are college students.关系代词as引导的定语从句关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：the same +n +assuch +a/an + adj +n +asso+ adj+ a/an + n

9、+ asas+ adj+ n+ as其中关系代词as在从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。We have found such materials as are used in their factory. （ ）These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected. （ ）He is not the same man as he was. （ ）There is so warm a house as we want to live in.（ ）As many people as come will be given a gift.

10、（ ）【注意】(1)such/so.as.(定语从句)像那样Such/so.that.(状语从句)如此以至于This is such an easy question as I can answer. （as 引导_）This is such an easy question that I can answer it. (that 引导_)【实战演练】 There is so warm a house _ we want to live in.There is so warm a house _ we want to live in it. Mount Wuyi is such an attr

11、active place of interest _ everyone likes to visit.Athat BasCwhich Dwhat(2 ) the same.as.表示相似的东西/ the same.that.表示同一人或物This is the same knife as I lost. 这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。This is the same knife that I lost. 这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。关系代词as, which引导非限制定语从句时的区别:The weather turned out to be very good, which was more tha

12、n we could expect.As is known to all, the moon travels round the earth. as和which都可指主句的整个意思，而不是主句中的某一个词。as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般置于主句之后。如：A) As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前)B) Air, as we know, is a gas.（在中）C) He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.(

13、在后) 当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是“这件事”例如：A) He changed his mind, which (and this, and that) made me very angry.B) She has married again, which (=and this, and that) was unexpected. 当定语从句有“如同那样”含义时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。例如：Things will turn out contrary to ones wishes, as is

14、often the case. 事与愿违，这是常用的事。As was natural, this inordinate hope was followed by an excessive depression.。Chaucer is buried in “poets Corner, as we expected.【as多用于下列习惯用语中】as we knowas is well known = as is known to all 众所周知as we (had) expected 正如我们所预料的那样as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as has been said bef

15、ore 如上所述as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的as is often the case 情况常常这样as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样【实战演练】As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody.It is known to everybody that the moon trave

16、ls round the earth once every month.What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.【Exercises】Comparison1.This is one of the most interesting films _ shown last week.This is the very one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. A. which was B. that was C

17、. which were D. that were2. He has two sons, _ are college students.He has two sons, and_ are college students. A. both of which B. both of whomC. both of them D. both of it3. He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east.He still lives in the room, the window _ faces to the east.He still li

18、ves in the room _ is in the north of the city.He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table. A. which B. whose C. where D. of which4. _ we all know, China is rich in natural resources._ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. _ is well-known, China is rich in natural resourc

19、es.A. Which B. As C. It D. That5. Is this museum _ he visited last month? The teacher tells us that _ cleans the blackboard is to be praised. A. that B. the one C. which D. the one whoMultiple choice1. Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greet me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D

20、. that2. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can reached most evenings. (2008 北京)A. which B. when C. whom D. where3.Jane received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.A. itB. thatC. whichD. he4.We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people , most of are healthy.A. that B. whi

21、ch C. what D. whom5. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, used to be poorly run , is now a successfully business.A. that B. which C. who D. where6. The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. what B. that C. how. D. as 7. Many children， parents are away working in big ci

22、ties，are taken good care of in the village.A. their B. whoseC. of them D. with whom8. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. whoC. whom D. these9. Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. who B. which C. when D. that10. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which11.The growing speed of a plant is