一轮复习：主谓一致 (2)

1、高考英语一轮复习语法专题讲解-主谓一致Subject verb agreement I. 语法一致原则主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。1) I often _ (help) him and he often _ (help) me. We often _ (help) each other. 2) He and I _ (be) both students of this school.3)Time and tide _ (wait) for no man. 1. 单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。

2、To start smoking _(be) quite easy, but to give it up _(need) courage.Whether well go _(depend) on the weather.2. 名词复数；用and或bothand 连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及句子做主语时，谓语动词用复数。Swimming and walking _(be) good exercise.Both his mother and his father _(have) gone there.注意：1). 由 and 连接的两个词指同一个人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语用单

3、数。如：bread and butter knife and fork iron and steel a watch and chain a needle and thread The knife and fork _ (be) on the desk.The secretary and manager _ (be) very busy now.2). 由 eachand each, everyand every, noand no, many a and many a连接名词做主语，谓语用单数。Every boy and every girl _(have) the right to rec

4、eive education.3. 以with/ along with/ together with, as well as, besides, in addition to, including, except, but, like, rather than, no less than, perhaps等介词连接的名词或代词做主语，谓语单复数与介词前的名词或代词保持一致(就远原则)。eg: Every picture except/ but these two has been sold. His sister, no less than you, is wrong.The father,

5、rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.Peter, perhaps John, is playing with the little dog.He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.4. 不定代词_, either, each, one, another, neither等做主语时，谓语用单数；none 做主语时，谓语单复数都可。Nothing in the world_(move) faster than light.Either of the shirts_(fit)

6、 me very well.None of the students_(have) passed the exam.Neither of them _ (have) been to the Great Wall.5. a great/ good deal of, a little, a great/large amount (of) 等修饰不可数名词作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 注意：large amounts of 后跟不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。6. 只修饰可数名词的several, a few, few, quite a few, a great many, many等修饰的

7、名词或单独使用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。7. a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of 既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词, 作主语时谓语动词的数取决于名词。 注意：masses of, (large) quantities of既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词, 但是作主语时谓语动词用复数。II.意义一致原则: 指根据主语的意义来确定谓语动词的数。当主语形式为单数，但意义为复数时，谓语动词要用_形式；当主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用_形式。1. 以s结尾的词， 常见的如news, means, physics,

8、 politics, plastics, economics, mathematics, the United States等做主语， 谓语用_数。但是，trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语，谓语用_ 数，若其前有“一条”、“一副”等量词时，谓语的数由量词的单复数来确定。The United States _ (be) highly-developed now.The scissors _ (be) sharp.A pair of trousers _ (be) on the bed.2. 集合名词cattle(牛群), _ (人们)

9、, _ (警察), poultry(家禽)等作主语，谓语用_数。但people作 “民族”解时，有单复数之分， 如：The Chinese people is a great one.Now the cattle _ (be) eating grasses over there.3. 集体名词class, family, team, group, committee, government, audience, enemy, crowd, crew, public等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用_数，若表示组成该集体的分散个体时，谓语用_数。The class _ (be) made up of

10、 50 students and all the class _ (have) gone to the playground. 4. 复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式：E.g. The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。 “The Arabian Nights”（天方夜谭）is an interesting book.5. all, few, any, some, none, more, most, half, part, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓

11、语的单复数取决于其所指的内容。Most of the apple _ (be) eaten by a rat, and most of those apples _ (be) rotten.All of the apple_ (be) rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。All of the apples _ (be) rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。 Most of the wood _ (be) used to make furniture.Most of the people _ (be) from England.6. 从句作主语时，谓语动词常用 数，但what引导主语从句时谓语的数依表

12、语的数而定。When we will go there _ (be) unknown.What I need _ (be) more money.What I need _ (be) more books. 7. 并列疑问词+不定式短语作主语时，若并列的不定式是同一个动作，谓语用单数；若并列的不定式是两个概念，则谓语用复数。When to go and where to go _ (be) unknown.When to go and where to have lunch _ (be) unknown.8. 关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句

13、中先行词的数一致。He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.9. _和_作主语，谓语单复数取决于后面的名词或它所指的内容。Three-fourths of the earths surface _ (be) sea.40 percent of the students in our class _ (be) girls.10. The+形容词或分词如指一类人，其谓语用_数，如指事物或抽象概念，其谓语用_数。The rich _ (be) n

14、ot always happy.The new _ (be) sure to replace the old.11. 表示时间、距离、重量、长度、价格等复数名词作主语，从整体来看时，谓语常用单数; 看做个体并强调数字概念时也可用复数。Three months _ (pass) since I studied here. Ten thousand dollars _ (be) quite a large sum.12. “more than one / many a + 可数名词单数”做主语时，谓语用单数。More than one man _ (have) come to help us. M

15、any a man _ (have) come to help us. Many men _ (have) come to help us.13. population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数：The population of China _ (be) larger than that of Japan.One third of the population here _ (be) workers.14. the number of + 可数名词复数，是表示“的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用 数形式；a (large / great) number of +

16、名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用 数形式:The number of the students in our school _ (be) increasing year after year.A number of students _ (go) for an outing.III. 就近原则1. 由or, neithernor, eitheror, whether or, not onlybut also, not but等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与最靠近它的保持一致。(1) One or perhaps more pages _ (be) missing.(2) -_ either

17、 he or I fit for the job?-Neither he nor you _.2. 由 there 或 here 引导的句子，主语不止一个时，谓语动词常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。There _(be) a lamp, two pens and six books on the desk.Here _(be) some envelopes and paper for you. 3. 副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, such连接的全部倒装结构中：谓语动词由动词后面的主语决定On the wall hang tw

18、o maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。Such is the result. 结果就是这样。Such are the results. 这就是结果主谓一致高考题集2013年高考1. The famous musician as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D

19、. has been invited2. The university estimates that living expenses for international students _around $8,450 a year, which _a burden for some of them. A. are；is B. are；areC. is；areD. is；is3.Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.A. is

20、 B. are C. was D. Were2012年高考1. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept2. The basketball coach, as well as his team, _ interviewed shortly after the match for their outsta

21、nding performance. A. were B. was C. is D. are3. All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is2011-2000高考1. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other pur

22、poses. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_ black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is3. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have wo

23、rn4. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have5. Such poets as Shakespeare widely read, of whose works, however, some difficult to understand. A. are；are B. is；is C. are；is D. is：are6. The number of foreign students attending Chinese

24、universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 7. The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America.A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 8. Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that i

25、s due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be9. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to10.Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the areainvited. A.were B.have been C. has been D. w

26、as11.A survey of the opinions of expertsthat three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for ones health.A. show; areB. shows; is C .show; isD. shows; are12.We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeksso small that a day is unimportant.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been

27、13.As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area. A. need repairing B. needs to repairC. needs repairing D. need to repair14. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for ones health. A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. sho

28、ws; are15. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided16. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-thirdused regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.A. i

29、sB. areC. wasD. were17. Most of what has been said about the Smithsalso true of the Johnsons.A. are B. is C. being D. to be18.A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A. is B. areC. wasD. were19. The father as well as his three children _ skati

30、ng on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going20. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry. A. is working B. works C. work D. worked21. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, on the proj

31、ect day and night to meet the deadline. A. work B. working C .is working D. are working22. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good eartheach year. A. is washing away B .is being washed awayC. are washing away D. are being washed away23. The country life he was used to _ greatly si

32、nce 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed24. No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign. A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know25. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D

33、. are encouraged26. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 27.She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _ 50 million. A. have reached B. has reached C. are reaching D. had reached

34、28.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided29. - How are the team playing? - Theyre playing well, but one of them hurt. A. got B. gets C. are D. were30. He is the only one of the students who _a w

35、inner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been31. As a result of destroying the forest, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have32. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still

36、not clear. A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used33. All the preparations for the task _, and we are ready to start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed 34. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth, is B.Two fifth

37、, are C.Two fifths, is D.Two fifths, are35.I told him what I was surprised _ his attitude towards his study. A. is B. was C. at is D. at wasPractice. Choose the correct verb form in the letter.Dear Xiaoyu, I think everyone _(is/are) settled in London, although neither the weather nor the food _ (is/are) good. Either rain or snow fell every day this week but everybody_ (has/have) tried to ignore it. My friends and my mother _ (has/ha