美国文学史课件6-Ezra-PoundPPT课件

1、 vThe distinctive feature of literary modernism was its strong and conscious break with traditional forms, perceptions and techniques of expression, and its great preference to its own language and all aspects of its medium. 1. Modernism in literature is not easily summarized, but the key elements a

2、re experimentation, anti- realism, individualism and a stress on the cerebral rather than emotive aspects. 2. The work of Modernist writers is characterized by showing the disenchantment幻想破灭, dislocation紊乱, and alienation疏远 of men in the world, and by the emphasis on experimentation and formalism an

3、d objectivism which are, in most cases, a reaction to the cataclysm 激变主义known as the Modern Age. Ezra Pound 1885-1972 Background Knowledge The Schools of American Modernism Imagism Representatives of the Modern Poetry Ezra Pound Outline His Life His Works His ContributionHis Poems Questions 1. Imagi

4、sm came into being in Britain and U.S around 1910 as a reaction to the traditional English poetry to express the sense of fragmentation and dislocation. 2. The imagists, with Ezra Pound leading the way, hold that the most effective means to express these momentary impressions is through the use of o

5、ne dominant image. II. Imagism (1909-1917) T. E. Hulme: 休姆，established a club called “soho” that is used to discuss the Form of new poetry so as to Record momentary impressions. The three principles of the Imagists (1) Direct treatment (2) Economy of expression (3) “Free verse III. The Representativ

6、es of the Modern Poetry Ezra Pound (1885- 1972) T.S.Eliot (1888 - 1965) Wallace Stevens (1879 - 1955) 华莱士史蒂文斯 William Carlos Williams (1883 - 1963)威廉卡洛斯威廉斯 Robert Frost (1874 - 1963)罗伯特弗罗斯特 E.E.Cummings (1894 - 1963)依依肯明斯 Life of Pound Born in Idaho in 1885 and raised in Pennsylvania, Ezra Pound spe

7、nt most of his life in Europe and became one of the 20th centurys most influential - - and controversial - poets in the English language. Pound was undoubtedly a genius. Before he graduated from university, he had mastered 9 languages as well as English grammar and literature. After college in Penns

8、ylvania and a brief Ezra Pound stay as a teacher, in 1908 Pound traveled to Venice and then to London, where he refined his aesthetic sensibilities and edited the anthology Des Imagistes 意象派诗选(1914). In 1914 he married Dorothy Shakespeare . Pound sponsored the likes of T. S. Eliot, Robert Frost, Ear

9、nest Hemingway, William Carlos Williams and James Joyce and, influenced by Chinese and Japanese poetry, advocated free meter and a more economical use of words and images in poetic expression, leading the Imagist Movement of poetry. He moved to Paris in 1920 and got acquainted with Gertrude Stein an

10、d her circle of friends (which included Ernest Hemingway and Pablo Picasso巴勃 罗毕加索 ), then settled in Italy in 1924. Enamored with Benito Mussolini, Pound made anti- American radio broadcasts during World War II. He was arrested as a traitor in 1945 and initially confined in Pisa. He was then sent to

11、 the U.S., where he was deemed mentally unfit to stand trial for treason. Pound was confined for 12 years in a hospital (actually prison) for the criminally insane in Washington. During this time he translated works of ancient Greek and ancient Chinese literature. While in prison, he was awarded a p

12、restigious poetry prize in 1949 for his last Cantos. Bollingen Award for Poetry 博林根诗歌奖is presented by American Congress Library with T.E. Eliot and Robert Frost as judges. In 1958 he returned to Italy, where he continued to write and make translations until he died in 1972. vHomage to Sextus Propert

13、ius 向塞克斯图斯普罗 佩提乌斯致敬 vHugh Selwyn Mauberley 休赛尔温毛伯利 vA Lume Spento灯火熄灭之时 vPersonae人物 vThe Spirit of Romance罗曼斯精神 2. His works vExultations (1909) 狂喜 vCathay (1915) 译著华夏 vThe ABC Reading (Literary Essay) vThe Cantos 诗章 The Pisan Cantos 比萨诗章 3. Poems vA Virginal 处女无暇 vSalutation the Second 再次致敬 vA Pact

14、 合同 vIn a Station of the Metro 在巴黎地铁站 vThe River-Merchants Wife: A Letter 长干行 4. His masterpiece: The Cantos v In this poem, he traces the rise and fall of eastern and western empires, the destruction caused by greed and materialism. v He deplores the corruption of America after the heroic time of J

15、efferson, v The last part, produced from his own suffering, is the most moving. 5. His contribution Pound wrote 70 books and over 1500 articles in his life. His major work of poetry is The Cantos, a long poem which he wrote in sections between 1915 and 1945. A Established Imagism with British poet T

16、. E. Hulme in 1908; B Suggested 3 principles for Imagism with Richard Aldington and Hilda Doolittle C Sponsored Vorticism with painter Windham Lewis in 1914; D Leading role in poetic renovation and renaissance in the first 25 years of the 20th century E Father of modern American poetry A Chinese ima

17、gistic poetry: Autumn Evening crows perch on old trees wreathed with withered vine, Water of a stream flows by a family cottage near a tiny bridge. A lean horse walks on an ancient road in western breeze, The sun is setting in the west, The heart-broken one is at the end of the Earth. 天净沙秋思 马致远 枯藤、老

18、树、昏鸦，小桥、流水、人家， 古道、西风、瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。 6. Selected Poems Selected Poems In a Station of the Metro 在地铁站内 The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough. 人群中幽然浮现的一张张脸庞， 黝黑的湿树枝上的一片片花瓣。 人群幽容飘忽 黝湿枝上疏花 The “Metro” is the underground railway of Paris. The word “apparition”, with its

19、 double meaning, binds the two aspects of the observation together: Apparition meaning “appearance”, in the sense of something which appears, or shows up; something which can be clearly observed. Apparition meaning something which seems real but perhaps is not real; something ghostly which cannot be clearly observed. 长干行 （李白） v妾发初覆额，折花门前剧。 郎骑竹马来，绕床弄青梅。 v同居长干里，两小无嫌猜。 十四为君妇，羞颜未尝开。 v低头向暗壁，千唤不一回。 十五始展眉，愿同尘与灰。 v