非谓语与定从状从并列句转换

1、非谓语（分词短语） 与定从，状从，并列句 转换 英语中，一句话只能有一个主谓结构 （一句话只能有一个谓语动词一句话只能有一个谓语动词） 如果出现更多动词： 加连词加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句放入从句 （that,which,if, when.) 变为非谓语动词变为非谓语动词(to do, doing, done) 1.谓语动词：谓语动词： overview(概述，概观）概述，概观）： 2. 非谓语动词：非谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词形式在句子中担任谓语的动词形式 是动词的特殊形式，在句中是动词的特殊形式，在句中 可以作除可以作除谓语外谓语外的的所有成分所有成分 1.

2、The teachers sitting there are from other schools. 表语表语 2. We saw some teachers sitting there. 宾语补足语宾语补足语 3. We need to be active in class. 宾语宾语谓语谓语 宾语宾语 主语主语定语定语连系动词连系动词 非谓语动词大都可在句中作主非谓语动词大都可在句中作主 语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、 定语、状语等定语、状语等. 一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个 主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词 的情况下

3、的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时 非谓语 与定从，状从，并列句 转换 一、定语从句转为非谓语（分词）一、定语从句转为非谓语（分词） 删去关系代词和删去关系代词和be， 其它成分不变。其它成分不变。 1. 若关系词之后有若关系词之后有 be 动词动词, 则则, Examples: 1). Watch the men who are coming this way. Watch the man _ .coming this way 2). Lessons which are learned easily are soon forgotten. Lessons_ are soon f

4、orgotten. learned easily 3). The dog which was beaten yesterday is dead. The dog _ yesterday is dead. beaten The man who is in white is Jack. =The man_ is Jack. The student who is wearing a jacket is from my class. =The student_ is from my class. in white wearing This is a book that is worth reading

5、. =This is a book_. What is the name of the book written by you?=_ Did you notice the house which was burning? = _ worth reading 2. 若关系词之后若关系词之后没有没有 be be 动词动词,而是而是 一般的动词一般的动词, 则则, Anyone _ may do so. wishing to leave early 1). Anyone who wishes to leave early may do so. 删去关系词，再将动词改为删去关系词，再将动词改为- in

6、g形式形式,其它不变。其它不变。 2).The boy who sat near the window was good at playing football. The boy _was good at playing football. sitting near the window 3). We see the stream which rises from the hole. We see the stream _. rising from the hole 二、状语从句转为非谓语（分词）二、状语从句转为非谓语（分词） 1). 先将引导状语从句的连接词去掉先将引导状语从句的连接词去掉

7、2). 如果状语如果状语从句的主语与主句从句的主语与主句主语相主语相 同同， 则去掉从句主语；则去掉从句主语； 不相同不相同， 则保留则保留 从句主语（从句主语（亦称独立主格结构亦称独立主格结构）(可不掌握！）可不掌握！） 3). 若若状语从句的谓语动词有状语从句的谓语动词有be, 则，则， 去掉去掉be;be; 把谓语动词变成把谓语动词变成V-ingV-ing形式形式 若状语从句的谓语动词无若状语从句的谓语动词无be, 则，则， 若主句动词为若主句动词为现在现在时，而状语从句时，而状语从句 的动词为的动词为过去过去时，那么为了表示状时，那么为了表示状 语从句的动作时间早于主句的动词，语从句的

8、动作时间早于主句的动词， 则变则变分词分词短语是应改为短语是应改为完成式完成式。 Attention! 转换练习：转换练习： 1. 1.状语从句主语与主句主语相同。状语从句主语与主句主语相同。 （逆向法：即分词的逻辑主语就是（逆向法：即分词的逻辑主语就是 主句的主语）主句的主语） 1). After I had heard from my brother, I felt much happy. _, I felt much happy. Having heard from my brother 2). As he is ill, he cant attend the meeting. _, h

9、e cant attend the meeting. Being ill 3). When he was buying the books, he met an old friend. _, he met an old friend. Buying the book 4). Because he has been praised too much, he becomes too proud. _, he becomes too proud. Having been praised too much 2. 前后主语不相同。（逆向法：前后主语不相同。（逆向法： 即分词的逻辑主语就是原状语从即分词的

10、逻辑主语就是原状语从 句的主语）句的主语）（不需掌握）（不需掌握） 1). After the sun had set, we arrived at the station. The sun_ , we arrived at the station. having set 2). When school was over, the boys went home. _, the boys went home. School being over 3). As his homework has been done, the boys went home. _ _ , the boys went h

11、ome. His homework having been done 4). If the weather permits, well go to the Great Wall. The weather _, well go to the Great Wall. permitting 3. Attention! 3. Attention! ( (不需掌握）不需掌握） 1). Because his lovely dog was dead, little boy is very upset. _ _, little boy is very upset. His lovely dog having

12、 been dead 2). As he was idle in his youth, he has to work hard in his old age. _ _, he has to work hard in his old age. Having been idle in his youth 3). After new teaching building was finished, students study in the new classroom now. _ _, students study in the new classroom now. New teaching bui

13、lding having been finished 三、并列句转为非谓语（分词）三、并列句转为非谓语（分词）： 看主语是否相同！看主语是否相同！ 1). 把把并列句中的连接词（并列句中的连接词（and/but.)去掉去掉 2). 把其中一个谓语动词变为把其中一个谓语动词变为V-ing形式（两句若形式（两句若 是用是用句号句号隔开，变化后将隔开，变化后将句号改为句号改为逗号逗号）。）。 Condiiton (Condiiton (条件）条件）： 并列句并列句主语相同主语相同时，时，保留一保留一 个主语个主语；并列句；并列句主语不相同主语不相同 时时，两个主语都保留两个主语都保留。 此处也要注意

14、到方法（二）此处也要注意到方法（二） 中的中的“一个补充一个补充”和和“一个一个 注意注意”。 转换练习：转换练习： 1. 1. 并列句并列句主语相同主语相同时，保留一个主语时，保留一个主语。 1). My train starts at 12 and will arrived in Wuhan at 3. My train starts at 12 , _. 三、并列句改为非谓语（分词）三、并列句改为非谓语（分词） arriving in Wuhan at 3 2). She alone stayed at home and did her homework. She alone staye

15、d at home, _. doing her homework 2. 并列句并列句主语不相同主语不相同 时，两个主语时，两个主语 都保留都保留。 Examples: 1). He was reading a book, and his wife was doing housework. He was reading a book, _. his wife doing housework 2). They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia and tears ran down their cheeks. They listened t

16、o the moved story about Ren Changxia, _ _. tears running down their cheeks 状从转为非谓语（分词）的延伸状从转为非谓语（分词）的延伸： 连接词连接词+ +分词分词： （when/while/unless doing.)when/while/unless doing.) 此类句型实际上是将从属连词此类句型实际上是将从属连词when , while, though, unless等引导的从等引导的从 句省略了相同的主语及句省略了相同的主语及be动词变化动词变化 而来的而来的 （状语从句的省略状语从句的省略） 转换练习转换练习

17、： 1. While he was fighting in Korea, he was taken prisoner. While _in Korea, he was taken prisoner. fighting 2. When the drug is taken according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect. When _ according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect. taken 四、小结小结： 从上面的句子转换中可以得出一个小

18、结： 一回头：找该非谓语的逻辑主语； 两确定： 确定该非谓语动词的动作与主句谓语的动 作先后； 确定该非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主谓或动 宾关系； 五、巩固练习巩固练习： 1、将下列复合句或并列句改为含 分词短语的句子 1). When he left the classroom, he didnt say goodbye to me. _, he didnt say goodbye to me. When leaving the classroom 2). Because he is ill, he cant attend the meeting. _, he cant attend the m

19、eeting. Being ill 3). The teacher is teaching in the classroom. Jim and Tom are playing games. _ _, Jim and Tom are playing games. The teacher teaching in the classroom 4). The boys who swam in the river were in danger. The boys _ were in danger. swimming in the river 5). Because he had seen the fil

20、m before, he went out of the cinema. _ _, he went out of the cinema. Having seen the film before 6). When our school is seen from the mountain. Our school is beautiful. _, our school is beautiful. Seen from the mountain 7). The man rose from the ground and beat the dust off his clothes. The man rose from the ground, _ _. beating the dust off his clothes 2、将下列含分词短语的句子改为复 合句或并列句。 1). Seeing from the mountain, I find our school is beautiful.(when) _, I find our school is beautiful. When I see from themountain 2). He told me he would stand by the