【精品】初中英语数词讲解及练习(含答案),推荐文档

1、掌握分数、时间、日期的表达法。【复习要点】一基数词基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最根本的基 数词如下表所示。1 one11 eleve n100 a hun dred2 two12 twelve20 twenty1000 a thousa nd3 three13 thirteen30 thirty1, 000, 000 a million4 four14 fourtee n40 forty10, 000, 000 ten million5 five15 fifteen50 fifty100, 000, 000 a hundred million6 six16 sixtee n

2、60 sixty1, 000, 000, 000 a billion7 seven17 seve ntee n70 seve nty8 eight18 eightee n80 eighty9 nine19 nin etee n90 nin ety10 ten说明：1.1319是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen 和 fifteen。2.2090由个位数加后缀-ty构成，注意其中20 50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和 fifty;80 的拼写是 eighty。3. 其它非整十的两位数21 99是由整十位数加连字符-再加个位数构成

3、。如：81 eighty-o ne。4. 101 999的基数词先写百位数，后加and再写十位数和个位数。如：691 six hundred and ninety-one。5. 1000以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加and,最后写十位 数和个位数。如: 5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 。 在基数词中 只有表示 百、千的单位词，没有单独表示万、亿的单位词，而是用thousand 千和 million 百万来表达，其换算关系为：1万=10thousand;1 亿=100 million; 10 亿=a thousand

4、million=a billion 。6. 多位数的读法：1 1000以上的多位数，要使用计数间隔或逗号；。即从个位起，每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。第一个间隔或逗号前是thousand 千，第二个间隔或逗号前是million 百万，第三个间隔或逗号前是a thousandmillion 或 a billion十亿。2 每隔三位分段以后就都成了101 999。读的时候十位数或个位数的前面一般要加an do如：888, 000, 000 读作：eight hundred and eighty-eight million 。基数词的用法：1. 基数词在句中的作用基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词，在句中可

5、作定语、主语、宾语介宾、表语、同位语等。例如： Three and five is eight. 3+5=8 作表语How many oranges do you want?你要多少桔子？I want eight.我要八个。 作宾语There are eight boats in the lake.湖 里有八条小船。作定语2. Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加“s反之那么须加“s并要与of短语连用。例如：three hun dred people, five thousa nd years;thousa

6、nds of people, hun dreds of stude nts, thousa nds of trees二序数词表示顺序的词，叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况 外，序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。请见下表：第一到第十第十一到第十九第二十以上firsteleve nthtwen tiethsecondtwelfththirtieththirdthirtee nthfortiethfourthfourtee nthfiftiethfifthfiftee nthsixtiethsixthsixtee nthseve ntiethseve nthseve ntee

7、ntheightietheightheightee nthnin etiethnin thnin etee nthhun dredthtenththousa ndth说明：1英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式，要注意它们 的拼写。2 表示 几十的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。3其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如： fifty-first 第五 一。4.少数序数词拼法不规那么，如：fifth 第五，eighth 第八，ninth第九twelfth 第十二等。1.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。例如：第一：the first=1st

8、第二：the seco nd=2 nd第三：the third=3rd第五：the fifth=5th第九十七：the nin ety-seve nth=97th第一百零一：the one hun dred an dfirst=101st2 编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。例如： 第一课：Lesson One第三十二页：Page 32第305房间：Room 305第12路公共汽车：Bus No.12序数词的用法序数词表顺序，主要作定语，其前面须加上定冠词the,此外，也作主语、宾语、表语 和定语等，这时，被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如：The first pers on to

9、 arrive is Kate.例如：The first is bigger than the seco nd.作主语第一个比第二个大。Give me the first.作宾语把第一个给我。She s oftelitne first to go to school.作表语她经常第一个去上学。 we re going to learn the eighth lesson.作定语我们将要学习第八 课。三分数表达法先写基数词表示分子，后写序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1时,分母用复数。女口： one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths四小数表达法小数点前的整数按基数词的

10、规那么表示，小数点写作point,小数后的数字应按其数字直接表示出来。如口： 18.38可写成：eightee n poi nt three eight。注意：小数在句中常作定语，尤其在比拟方式状语从句中被使用。如：This stone is 3.5 times heavier tha n that one.(五) 百分数表达法(根据学生情况选择使用)在数词后加 percent。例如：15%读作：fifteen percent ； 60%读作：sixty perce nt(六) 表示倍数(根据学生情况选择使用)1) 几倍大小(长短，数量)=几倍(或分数)+the size(length, am

11、oun t)。例如： The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。2) 比几倍=倍数(或分数)+形容词(副词)比拟级 +than+被 比局部。例如：His house is three times bigger than mine. 他的房子比我的房子 大三倍。3) 是倍= 倍数(或分数)+as +形容词+as +被比局部。例如： This factory is four times as big as that one. 这个工厂是那个工 厂的四倍。(七) 表示约数(根据学生情况选择使用)1) 多于用 more t

12、han 或 over。例如：The street is over(more than) 500 metres Iong. 这条街有 500 多 米长。2) 小于用 less than。例如：Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不至U三十 人。3) 或以上用 or more。例如： The buildi ng can hold 5000 people or more.那座建筑物可容纳 5000人或5000人以上。4) 或以下用or less。例如： We can finish the work in two weeks or le

13、ss.我们可以在两周内或不到两周完成这件工作。5) 大约用 about, around, nearly 等。例如：The box weighs about 50 pounds.这箱子重约 50 镑。6) 左右用or so.如口： In the past ten years or so, they have changed a lot. 在过去的十年 里，他们改变了许多。(八) 年、月、日和时间的表达法1 年份用基数词表达，分两位一读，年份前用介词in。例如：1999 nineteen ninety-nine2000 two thousand 2001 twothousa nd and one2

14、 月份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。例如：一月 January(Jan.),二月 February(Feb.),三月 March(Mar.),四月(Apr.),五月 May,六月 June,七月 July,八月 August(Aug.)，九月 September(Sep.),十月 October(Oct.), 十一月 November(Nov.),十二月 December(Dec.)。3日期的表达要用序数词，读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用on。例如：在 6 月 1 日: on June 1st 读作：on June the first.年、月、日同时表达时，一般应先写月、日

15、、后写年。如：在2001年5月4日： on May 4 th, 2001。4 年代用基数词的复数表示。例如：20 世纪 90 年代：nineteen nineties; 21 世纪 20 年代：twenty twe nties5 时间表达法：时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。例如：5:00 five (o clock)6:18 six eighteen 或 eighteen past six12： 15 twelve fifteen 或 fifteen (a quarter) past twelve4： 30 four thirty 或 half past four6： 45 six for

16、ty-five aquarter to seve n1 表示整点时间，直接用基数词表达，后边可接o clock也可不加。 表达 几点几分时，绝不能用o clock2 表达“1分或“4分时，常用quarter 刻。3 在倒读法中，如果钟点不过半，须用分钟数+past+钟点数的形 式；如果钟点过半，那么用 差多少分钟数+to+全钟点下个钟点数的形 式。两组与数词有关的介词短语：in+定冠词the+数词的复数形式，表示年代。如：in the 1870s或1870 sin+物主代词+数词的复数形式，表示某人的年龄。如：in one sthirties。有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early或late

17、使其含义更确切些。如： The young man is at most in his early thirties.注意：带有数词的名词作定语的表达：a seven-year-old boy， ahun dred-metre race数词专项练习(一)()1. Lincoln was born on.A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12()2. Aboy can sing the En glish song very well.A. ten-year-oldB. te

18、n years old C. ten-year-oldD. fifth years old( )3. An hour later, minister was sent to see the box by those twomen.A. two B. the sec ondC. the two D. sec ond( )4. Abraham Lincoln wasPreside nt of the Un ited StatesA. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th()5. Do you thi nk there is any room for us?A. two

19、B. the two C. sec ond D. the sec ond()6. -How many stude nts are there in your class? -.A. Twe nty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( )7. Which nu mber is wrong?.A. Ni nety B. Nin tee n C. NinthD. Ni netee nth( )8. The People s Liberation Army was founded.A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 192

20、7, 1 AugustC. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927()9. The number 4,123 is read.A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-threeB. four thousa nd and one hun dred twen ty-threeC. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-threeD. four thousa nds a hun dred and twen ty-three()10. The old professor still

21、 works hard though he is.A. i n his sixty B. i n his sixties C. i n sixties D. i n the sixty数词专项练习(二)( )76. Tuesday is theday of a week in En glish.A. first B. fifth C. third D. fourth( )77. There areseas ons in a year in our coun try.A. two B. four C. seco nd D. fourth()78. The game ofOlympics will

22、 be held in Beiji ng in 2021.A. 29 B. the 29th C. the 29 D. 29th( )79. Most of the stars are much more bigger tha n the sun. But they arelight years away from us.A. thousandB. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of()80.of the surface(外表)of the earth is covered with water.A. First third B. Two thir

23、ds C. One three D. Two three( )81. There arepeople in my family. We live on thefloorin a tall buildi ng.A. five, sixB. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth()82. Boys and girls, we are going to lear ntoday.A. Four Less on B. the fourth less onC. the Less on Four D. the Four Less on()83. My lovel

24、y daughter is.A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C. eight year old D. eight-years-old()84. The flood happe ned.A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998sC. in 1998 of the summer D. i n 1998s of the summer()85. February 28 should be read as.A. February of the 28th B. February of 28C. 28 of

25、February D. the 28th of February()86. - How soon will you finish your work?-In aboutA. one and a half month B. one month and a halfC. one and half a month D. a month and half()87. We will have aholiday. What about goi ng to Suzhou?A. five days B. five dayC. five-dayD. five-days( )88. We are sure the

26、cen tury will bring us more hopes.A. twen tieth-first B. twen tieth-oneC. twenty-one D. twen ty-first()89. - What is 1/2 and 1/3?- It s.A. 2/5B. 1/5C. 5/6D. 4/6()90. At the age of, he had his own lab.A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty()91. Five times five is.A. five B. zero C. ten

27、 D. twen ty-five()92.are in the army. A. Two their sons B. Their two sonsC. Their sons two D. Two sons their()93. My sister is a stude nt of.()94. The boy can count from one to.A. hun dred B. a hun dred C. one hun dreds D. hun dreds()95. Their house is aboutas big as ours.A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times()96. - Would you like some fruit, madam?-Oh, yes., please.A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananasC. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana()97. This buildi ng is for a.A. family of three B. three peopleC. three peoples family D. three pe