英语论文AnalysisoftheNetworkBuzzwordsfromthePerspectiveofSociolinguistics

1、Analysis of Network Buzzwords from the Perspe1. IntroductionWith the advent of the information age, the network has gradually become one of the main channels for people to communicate in modern life. The network language is gradually accepted by people duo to its characteristics of time-saving and e

2、fficient transmission of information, and has become an indispensable communication element in daily life. The emergence of network buzzwords is also a development process of the language variation. The reasons for the variation and the different meanings brought by the language variety have become

3、the focus of language development. Therefore, the development of the network buzzwords has aroused the general concern of sociolinguistic circles.Sociolinguistics is a main study field of linguistics, and it can be defined as the study of language in relation to the society, that is, the study of la

4、nguage situated in society .The term “sociolinguistics” was proposed by American linguist Haver C.Currie in 1952, but it was in the middle of 1960s that this discipline became flourishing and then an independent discipline. Sociolinguist Fishman (1972) divided sociolinguistics into macro-linguistics

5、 and micro-linguistics .Micro-linguistics studied dialect and language variation from the perspective of language. Macro-linguistics studied the role of language from the social level. The network language was born and developed on the Internet, which is a kind of micro-linguistics variation due to

6、the difference between the speaker and the purpose of speech. Hymes (1974:195-196) proposed the research goal of sociolinguistics, which mainly include three directions: social target, linguistic target and social reality. American scholar William Bright (1964:211) put forward the theory of co-varia

7、tion of language and society. He pointed out that language and society affect and restrict with each other. Language is closely related to the society and changes with the development of the society. In foreign countries, sociolinguistics has already developed into a discipline .In China, the lingui

8、st Chen yuans Sociolinguistics filled the gap in this field(2004:14-18) .He studied sociolinguistics from the perspective of Marxist historical material. The research focus of sociolinguistics is the movement of language change in society .Sociolinguistics studies the language in relation to society

9、 .And it uses many scientific methods during research .With the development of such a discipline, sociolinguistics attracts more and more attention among people. From the perspective of metaphor, language is regarded as the mirror of society, through which we can better understand various activities

10、 of a particular society. Conducting sociolinguistic research in this situation will provide a new window into the language, society, and the mechanism of speakers behavior.With the development of Internet, the influence of network on society is gradually deepened. Network buzzwords are emerging in

11、an endless stream and the update speed is accelerating constantly .They gradually penetrate from the Internet into traditional media and social life and become the public language .It is of great significance of study network buzzwords .Firstly, network buzzwords reflect network public opinions, ref

12、lect some social phenomena in high concentration, and also reflect some social contradictions. Secondly, in the transmission process, network buzzwords accelerate the transmission speed of new events, arouse more social concerns, extend the transmission cycle and increase the transmission effect. In

13、 addition, the formation process of network buzzwords itself is also worthy of attention. The research on the generation, characteristics and functions of network buzzwords is of great significance to the research on social problems, public opinion supervision and network communication in the new er

14、a.2. The relationship between language variety and network buzzwords2.1Language varietyLanguage is a social behavior .The main reason for language variation is that language exists in the developing social structure .Therefore ,the common feature of all studied language is that they all contain lang

15、uage variation .The famous British sociolinguist Hudson(2000:67) has put forward a conceptual system to describe the characteristics of linguistic variability: the variation of linguistic sociality includes the collective variation within the speech community restricted by various social conditions,

16、 and the general law of the internal organizational structure of the community reflected by the relationship between community members and community .Its central concept is “variety” .Variety can be used to refer to units of linguistic existence at various levels .The technical definition of variety

17、 is “a group of linguistic forms with the same social distribution” .And social distribution is a group of people who accept and use certain forms of language .American sociolinguist Labov hold the opinion that the same speech community members are not reflected in their language behavior ,but in th

18、eir same attitude towards language(2001:39-45) . That is, members of the same speech community do not speak exactly the same, but they have the same evaluation and understanding of the same linguistic phenomenon. Language variety comes from the theory of language variation. The language variation re

19、fers to the changes of language forms caused by social, psychosocial and physiological factors in the language expression system .According to the theory of language variation, language is an ordered heterogeneous structure, which is a dynamic structural system related to social factors. Therefore,

20、it is necessary to combine structure, variation, order and target to explore the law of transforming language variation into structure, and conduct dynamic analysis of language system .Variation is an important phenomenon in language .Labov recognized this phenomenon from the perspective of methodol

21、ogy. He studied linguistics in the social environment and analyzed the variation of language specifically, believing that language is not a homogeneous system but an ordered heterogeneous structure (1999:20). The theory of homogeneity in language system has contradiction and holds that language is a

22、n orderly and heterogeneous structure, and is closely related with society, thus we should study it dynamically.There are two main causes of language variation: verbal and nonverbal .The factors of language mainly refer to the internal structure of language. The structure of language is a multi-leve

23、l system, and each component in each level is related to each other. The change of any component may cause the change of other components, thus resulting in chain reaction .Various external factors related to language mainly include age, social class，occupation, educational level, race, gender, soci

24、al situation, conversation object, topic, peoples communication in different dialect areas, population migration, peoples psychology of seeking new things, etc., which all affect the variation of language. And there are two main functions of it. Firstly, the use of language variety is influenced by

25、the context, the social class and the age of the speaker. Under the influence of factors such as occupation, gender, region and race, the language variety used according to specific situations can reflect the above mentioned social characteristics of the speaker and have certain identity mark functi

26、on. Secondly, according to different situation, everyone will use language variety to achieve communicative purposes in daily life, and multiple language variety provide people with a wealth of communicative strategies .In addition, the use of language variety can convey emotional colors in a specif

27、ic context, and the selection of different language variety can also achieve humorous effects, which all enrich peoples social language life.2.2 Network buzzwordsThe Network is a virtual space supported by digital technology .With the continuous development of science and technology, the Internet ha

28、s become the main channel for people around the world to communicate .Many languages spread on the Internet have become the popular words and used frequently by many young people in their daily communication .Network buzzwords refer to the words that are widely used, spread and familiar among people

29、 in a certain period, region and society on the Internet，and have special meaning and often have an impact on social reality .Network buzzword is a kind of language variety which is influenced by the development of social culture and the psychological change of social structure in a specific period

30、.It breaks the standardized requirements of written language, and is produced on the Internet and enters Peoples Daily life in a unique way .Netizens are mostly young and middle-aged people with active thinking and innovative ability. Sometimes, in order to achieve certain rhetoric and ideographic e

31、xpression functions, they will deliberately break the conventions of words, generate some humorous and infectious words, and add the sense of humor to language, and make language simple and vivid.Network hot word is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a social phenomenon .It is some words, ph

32、rases and even sentences that appear frequently in the process of network communication .This paper takes baidu index and interactive encyclopedia as references to analyze and study hot words on the Internet, which is mainly based on two reasons: first, baidu is the largest Chinese search engine in

33、the world，which has a wide range of data coverage and high credibility .Secondly, interactive encyclopedia is a website with word as the core communication content, and its unique top ten hot words of the year provide great reference and help for us to analyze hot words on the Internet.Through the a

34、nalysis of baidu data, the buzzwords on the Internet can be roughly divided into burst and spread two types.Burst words refers to the burst of network hot words with the outbreak of social hot spots, and with the gradual transfer of peoples attention to social hot spots, the popularity of network ho

35、t words gradually declined .For example, “On countless roads ahead ,safety comes first” ,It stems from a line repeatedly used in the movie Wandering Earth, and later adopted by traffic police as a traffic safety propaganda slogan in many places .The netizen imitates this sentence pattern to create a

36、 variety of usage of on countless xx, xx comes first, and make this network language got more extensive use and dissemination .After the release of the movie, peoples search and attention to this sentence rose in a straight line, and it once became a hot word discussed by netizens in various forums.

37、 However, with the emergence of new things and the transfer of media coverage, peoples attention to this sentence gradually declined.Spreading words refers to the emergence of network buzzwords as a result of the emergence of a certain social hot spot, and the disappearance of social hot spot does n

38、ot lead to the demise of network hot words, but to continue to exist as a part of network language .Just like “remain true to the original aspiration” ,it means that dont forget the original wish .This was solemnly proposed by general secretary Xi in his report to the 19th national congress of the c

39、ommunist party of China (CPC).Different from burst words, these hot words are still used after a period of time, and they have become a part of network and daily language .Through the observation of the hot words of recent years in the interactive encyclopedia, we can roughly divide the hot words in

40、to two categories: entertainment and social hot topic .Through the analysis of the data, it can be seen clearly that the proportion of hot words related to social hot spots is more than that related to entertainment hot words, which indicates that the focus of netizens has shifted towards the direct

41、ion of real social problems. There are more buzzwords about the current political news and social phenomenon .For example, Chinese dream, anti-corruption, new normal, clear your plate campaign.etc.In a word, network buzzword is a special kind of language variety, which changes with the development o

42、f the network and society. It is characterized by fast transmission speed and wide range. It spread not only online, but even offline. Network buzzwords are different from the language we mostly used in our daily life. But to some extent, they are also influenced and restricted by the social develop

43、ment.3. Analysis of the Network Buzzwords from the Perspective of Sociolinguistics3.1 Analysis the causes of emergenceAccording to the sociolinguistic variation theory, network buzzwords are a kind of linguistic variation, whose emergence and popularity reflect the objective laws of language develop

44、ment and the diversity of language. It opens up channels for specific social members to build their self-image, enriches the social language, and brings unexpected pleasure to peoples life .The fundamental characteristic of language is its sociality .From the perspective of sociolinguistics, network

45、 buzzwords are both a linguistic phenomenon and a social phenomenon.The network buzzwords is the product of the Information Age .We can analyze the growth of it from two aspects: internal causes and external causes. Firstly, from the perspective of internal causes, the popularity and development of

46、network hot words conform to the economic principles of language, which is the driving force of network vocabulary .The economic principle of language is also called the economic law of language According to French linguist Martinet(1908:102), the language economic principle must be based on the pre

47、mise of ensuring the completion of the communicative function of language, and people make economical arrangements for the consumption of power in speech activities consciously or unconsciously .Based on this principle, the characteristics and reasons of the evolution of speech structure can be expl

48、ained reasonably .Due to the timeliness of the Internet, netizens prefer to use concise but informative vocabulary to conduct communication and interaction .For example, xi da pu ben(news so exhilarating that everyone is celebrating and spreading it around the world)is a combination of the first wor

49、ds of four idioms, which has become a new word and is favored by netizens for its simplicity and diversity of meanings .The appearance and popularity of Internet hot words also conform to the language memetic theory(Dawkins,1976:64).Memetic is a new theory to explain the law of cultural evolution ba

50、sed on Darwins theory of evolution. It tries to interpret the universal relation between things and the evolutionary law of cultural inheritance from the perspective of diachronic and synchronic .Language is closely related to memes. On the one hand, language units make use of memes to copy and spre

51、ad. Memes are the internal driving force for the spread of language. On the other hand, in the process of transmission, language memes generate more alternative language units and means of expression through deformation and merging, thus promoting the enrichment and development of language .The hot

52、word Bu Ming Jue li(I do not quite get it ,but it seems you are great)meets the requirements of the language meme theory. There is no such word in Chinese, but it is due to the economic principle of language. Through the reproduction of Chinese four-character idioms, netizens have formed new vocabul

53、ary, which has been quickly spread in various forums.Secondly, the emergence and popularity of network hot words are caused by many external reasons, which is also the most important reason for the emergence and development of network buzzwords .American scholar Fulbright put forward the theory that

54、 language and social change together in his book Sociolinguistics: when social life changes gradually or dramatically, the language as a social phenomenon will definitely change with the progress of social life (1979:12). Vocabulary, as the most active element in language, can best reflect the impac

55、t of social development and change on language .To begin with, network buzzword is a reflection of social extensive entertainment. Since Chinas reform and opening up, peoples living standard has been greatly improved, the food is not the primary problem. According to Maslows demand theory (1943:43),

56、 nowadays China has entered into a generic entertainment society. Compared with the traditional media, the Internet is more open and interactive, so all kinds of humor network buzzwords came into being. Then ,The popularity of Internet buzzwords is related to the structure of Internet users .The mos

57、t active group of Chinese netizens are teenagers According to the report on the online behavior of Chinese youth released by the China Internet Center ,by the end of December 2019, the number of Chinese youth Internet users had reached 256 million, accounting for 41.5 percent of the total and 71.8 p

58、ercent of the teenagers (China Internet Center,2019).And these active young people on the Internet, most of them like pursuing new things and eager to get rid of bondage, so they use hot words on the Internet to express this psychology. In addition, the development of the society, the ascension of t

59、he awareness, the enhance of supervision consciousness also become the main reason for emergence of network buzzwords .As mentioned above, the subject of Internet is young people , they have a strong sense of public participation and supervision. For example, the yin-yang contracts caused a great reaction on the Internet due to the improvement of public awareness sometimes ago. Such hot words can not only reflect social hot spots, but also popularize legal knowledge to the public.3.2Analysis of the charact