小学英语学习资料汇总

1、学校英语学习资料汇总 学校英语学习资料汇总1 1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. i 用 am , you 用 are. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. i ,you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. some, any 的选择:确定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what

2、 (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱) 二:形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是: 什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: im taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重.) an elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.) 形

3、容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规章是: 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier 双写最终的字母再加er,如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 留意 比较的两者应当是相互对应的可比较的东西. 典型错误:my hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长.) 比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性. 应当改

4、为:my hair is longer than yours. 或my hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习: 一,从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) how is the yellow river (2) how is mr green hes 175cm. (3) how are your feet i wear size 18. (4)how is the fish its 2kg. 二,依据句意写出所缺的单词 (1) im 12 years old. youre 14. im than you. (2)

5、 a rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail. (3) an elephant is than a pig. (4) a lake is than a sea. (5) a basketball is than a football. 三,依据中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. im than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. this tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. you are than he. (4) 谁比你重 than you 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规章有: a,规章动词

6、一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study studied carry carried worry worried (留意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最终一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped b,不规章动词(此类词并无规章,须熟记)学校阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had ,

7、do did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was , are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规章: 一般的直

8、接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 双写最终一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人称和数 人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 第一 人称 单数 i(我) me my(我的) 复数 we(我们) us our(我们的) 其次 人称 单数 you(你) you your(你的) 复数 you(你们) you your(你们的) 第三 人称 单数 he(他) him his(他的

9、) she(她) her her(她的) it(它) it its(它的) 复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的) 六:句型专项归类 确定句:是指用确定的语气来陈述的句子,如:im a student. she is a doctor. he works in a hospital. there are four fans in our classroom. he will eat lunch at 12:00. i watched tv yesterday evening. 2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:im not a stu

10、dent. she is not (isnt) a doctor. he does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. there are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. he will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. i did not (didnt) watch tv yesterday evening. 留意 小结:否定句主要是在确定句的基础上加上了否定词 not.有动词be的句子则not加在be后面,可缩写成isnt,arent,但am not 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则

11、要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上not,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dont , doesnt , didnt ).这三个助动词要依据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的状况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did . 3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必需用yes,或no来回答. 如:are you a student yes, i am / no, im not. is she a doctor yes, she is. / no, she isnt. does he work in

12、a hospital yes, he does. / no, he doesnt. are there four fans in our classroom yes, there are. / no, there arent. are you going to buy a comic book tonight yes, i am. / no, i am not. (yes, we are. / no, we arent.) will he eat lunch at 12:00 yes, i will. / no, i will not(wont). are they swimming yes,

13、 they are. / no, they arent. did you watch tv yesterday evening yes, i did. / no, i didnt. 留意 小结:一般疑问句是在确定句的基础上, 把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 这三个助动词也要依据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的状况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答

14、要全都,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是全都的. 4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应当问什么就答什么,不能用yes ,no来回答.如: what is this its a computer. what does he do hes a doctor. where are you going im going to beijing. who played football with you yesterday afternoon mike. w

15、hich season do you like best summer. when do you usually get up i usually get up at 6:30. whose skirt is this its amys. why do you like spring best because i can plant trees. how are you im fine. / im happy. how did you go to xinjiang i went to xinjiang by train. 其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: ho

16、w many(多少(数量), how much(多少(钱), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重) 例句:how many pencils do you have i have three pencils. how many girls can you see i can see four girls. how many desks are there in your classroom there are 51. 小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配, how many + 名词复数 +

17、 do you have 你有多少 how many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能观看多少 how many + 名词复数 + are there 有多少 七:完全,缩略形式: im=i am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not ill=i will wasnt=

18、was not 总结:通常状况下,m即am,s即is(但 lets=let us), re即are ,nt即not (但cant=can not 分类归纳： 一：名词的单复数; 1. 后加s：apple-apples book-books house-houses tree-trees 2. 后加es：tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes boxboxes peach-peaches 3. 原形：sheep-sheep fishfish rice-rice milkmilk waterwater 二：形容词的比较级，加r，er，y-i加er 1. 有e加r：nice-ni

19、cer wide-wider 2. 直加er：tall-taller old-older long-longer strong-stronger youngyounger shortshorter 3. 双写加er：thinthinner bigbigger 4. 变身y-i加er：heavyheavier 三：动词的ing形式，现在进行时do-doing 1. 直接加ing：cookcooking readreading teachteaching swingswinging do-doing 2. 去掉e加ing：write-writing take-taking have-having

20、dive-diving ride-riding 3. 双写加ing：swimswimming runrunning 四：动词的第三人称单数形式，dodoes 1. 直接加s：read-reads draw-draws like-likes write-writes make-makes live-lives come-comes drive- drives 2. 加es：go-goes do-does teach-teaches watch-watches 3. 变y-i加es：study- studies 五：动词的过去式，dodid 1. 有e加d：makemaked writewrite

21、d dancd-danced 2 .直接加ed：visitvisted learnlearned watch-watched playliayde cook-cooked 3. 变y-i加ed：studystudied 4. 变身：do-did go-went have-had sing-sang buy-bought swimswam 5. 原形：readread 六：写出下列单词的反义词： tallshort tallertaller old-young new older-younger boygirl yes-no big-small bigger-smaller long-shoet

22、 longer-shorter 七：完全缩写形式 arenot=arent is not=isnt do not=dont did not=didnt does not=doesnt can not=cant was not=wasnt i will=ill i am=im i would=id let us=lets they are=theyre what is=whats she is=shes it is=its he is=hes were not=werent mister=mr centimeter=cm kg 八：一个单词的多种形式： 原形 第三人称单数 ing进行时 过去式

23、do does doing did go goes going went watch watches watching watched write writes writing writed swim swims swimming swamp read reads reading read play plays playing played 英语作文示范：靠中间写，句数要够，书写规范，题目。 1. 请你以“my friend”或“my pen pal”为题，介绍一下你的伴侣，基本信息包括：姓名，年龄，身高，体重，长相，爱好，住哪，平常做的事，怎样去上学等。 (不少于5句话)。 注：句子不少于5

24、句，第三人称，书写规范。 my friend my friend is chen jie. she is 14. she is 160 tall. she is tall and thin. she is 45kg. she likes making kites. she lives in china. she watches tv at night. she goes to school by bike. we are good friends. 2.你预备这个周末在家里进行一个“party”，你能介绍一下去你家的路线，好让你的伴侣尽快找到你吗?(不少于5句话)。 注：条例清楚，不少于5句话

25、，书写规范。 start from your school. take the no.5 bus. get off at the cinema. turn left at the cinema. go straight for 3 minutes. my home is near the bookstore. 3.在家里你能帮父母干些什么家务呢?抓紧介绍一下吧。(不少于5句话)。 注：i can句型，短语书写正确，留意“the”和单复数。不少于5句话。 i can cook the meals. i can wash the clothes. i can clean the bedroom.

26、i can set the table. i can water the flowers. i can make the bed. i am helpful at home. 4.你能介绍一下你的家人都是什么职业，在哪工作，怎么去上班吗?(不少于5句话)。 注：留意第一第三人称，不少于5句话，书写规范 my family my mother is a teacher. she works in a school. she goes to work by bike. my father is an engineer. he goes to work by bus. my sister is a

27、doctor. she works in a hospital. she goes to work by subway. i am a student. i go to school on foot. 5.你能给大家比较一下你家人的外貌特征吗?不少于5句话 注：外貌特征，长相比较，可以用比较级。 my family my father is taller than my mother. my father is older than my mother. my mother is younger than my father. my sister is shorter than my brot

28、her. i am shorter than my brother. but i am taller than my sister. 5. 请你给大家介绍一下你家人的爱好好吗?留意人称变化. 不少于5句话。 注：留意第一like，第三人称likes的变化。like后面加ing. i like reading books. my father likes reading newspapers. my mother likes singsing. my little sister likes watching tv. my brother likes swimming. my little bro

29、ther likes flying kites. 6. 你能介绍一下，上一个(假期)周末你都做什么了吗?可以以“last weekend”为题，不少于5句话。 注：过去式，第一人称，题目。 last weekend on saturday morning，i claned my bedroom. in the afternoon，i went to a park. at night，i watched tv. on sunday imorning，i read books. in the afternoon，i washed my clothes. at night ，i went to th

30、e cinema. 7. 请依据提示写一下你的家人上个周末都做什么了。不少于5句话。 注：依据提示来，过去式，一、三人称。 妈妈洗衣服 爸爸去公园 哥哥踢足球 妹妹看电视 我读书 last weekend my mother washed the clothes. my father went to a park. my brother played football. my sister watched tv. i read english books. 8. 请依据提示写一下你的家人此时此刻正在做什么，不少于5句话。 注：现在进行时，加ing，有be的am，is，are形式。 妈妈洗衣服

31、爸爸读报纸 哥哥踢足球 妹妹看电视 我读书 my mother is washing the clothes. my father is reading newspapers. my brother is playing football. my sister is watching tv. i am reading english books. 9. 请依据提示写一下你的家人下个周末都预备干什么，不少于5句话。 注：一般将来时，be going to +v原形。be 有am，is，are。 妈妈洗衣服 爸爸读报纸 哥哥踢足球 妹妹看电视 我放风筝 next weekend my mother

32、 is going to wash the clothes. my father is going to read newspapers. my brother is going to play football. my sister is going to watch tv. i am going to fly kites. 学校英语六班级总复习(二) ( 一) 语音部分。 这部分重点是关怀同学整理、归纳发音规律和读音规 则, 过好语音关。英语课程标准二级目标提出: 要知道错误的 发音会影响交际; 知道字母名称的读音; 了解简洁的拼读规 律; 了解单词有重音; 语音清楚、语调自然。在复习语音

33、学问 时应强调了解语音学问的意义, 而不是语音规章的把握; 强 调语音学问在交际中的作用, 而不是语音学问本身。从而为 同学连续以后的英语学习打下坚实的基础。进行总复习时, 可依据以下板块来分类复习。 a) 元音: a e i o u aa cake, face, date, snake, grape, make, game, plate, later, name, lake, etc cat, map, hat, sad, happy, black, etc ee evening, we, he, be , she, these, etc bed, help, elbow, desk, te

34、n, leg, eleven, dress, egg, hen, yes, very, etc ii ice, time, bike, ride, white, friday, library, rice, like, nice, kite, size, etc pink, six, in, pig, fifty, river, windy, sick, sister, sit, milk, fish, slipper, in, thin, big , swim, it, etc oo home, nose, rose, go, those, hole, close, hotel, old,

35、hello, rope, cold, etc nod, not, closet, box, fox, lock, lot, shop, rock, office, orange, on, etc uu sun, sunny, run, fun, jump, lunch, supper, under, truck, duck, donut, us, sunday, hundred, etc computer, tuesday, excuse, unit, january, avenue, music, use, etc b) 元音字母组合 e tea, speak, dream, east, e

36、asy, teacher, leaf, leave, read, jeans, meat, cheap, etc breakfast, bread, sweater, heaven, head, etc ee see, need, queen, sheep, teeth, green, sleep, nineteen, street, knee, etc oo toothbrush, zoo, cool, food, noodles, kangaroo, school, afternoon, cookie, etc classroom, book, foot, look, good, bedr

37、oom, cookies, wood, etc ou blouse, house, mouth, mouse, south, cloudy, about, etc ar department, arm, car, park, march, apartment, far, marker, hard, party, etc or morning, north, for, corner, short, shorts, story, horse, forty, etc homework, work, doctor, world, word, etc ir shirt, bird, skirt, thi

38、rsty, thirty, third, circle, first, girl, etc ur thursday, purple, curly, hurt, nurse, hamburger, saturday, etc er sweater, sister, teacher, letter, supper, computer, burger, under, corner, tiger, etc ear ear, year, near, hear, dear, etc ay x- ray, day, may, play, may, always, today, gray, okay, way

39、, etc ow tomorrow, know, below, slow, elbow, yellow, show, snow, bowl, etc cow, now, brown, flower, down, etc oa coat, boat, goat, road, etc c) 辅音字母组合 sh cashier, she, sheep, shoes, fish, etc ch chicken, teacher, chalk, chair, chant, children, much, china, etc tr waitress, tree, street, truck, traff

40、ic, strawberry , trick, etc dr drink, dress, drive, dream, draw, etc th theatre, thirsty, three, think, third, thursday, teeth, etc mother, father, this, that, they, brother, these, their, etc wh where, what, white, when, why, etc ( 二) 词汇部分。 包括: 名词、动词、形容词以及常见词组、短语等。 各词类在复习时可按主题再进一步的划分, 如学校阶段 要求把握的名词

41、可分为学习用品、职业、颜色、身体部位、家 庭成员、蔬菜、水果、服装、食品、场所、交通工具、动物、植物、 家具、外形、季节、节日、国家等; 动词可分为运动、休闲消遣、 学习、家务、感官动词等; 形容词可分为描写外貌、性格、情 感、天气、表示“好”的形容词等类别。这样分类的目的是关怀 同学整理学问, 并丰富他们的乐观词汇量, 犹如学在描述人 物性格时, 可以有多个不同的形容词涌入头脑, 供其选择。这 样说( 写) 出来的词汇和内容都会比较丰富。 这种分类也是对同学学习策略的一个提示。策略争辩的 结果表明分类记忆的词汇效果较好, 并易于提取。除此之外, 我们还可以教给同学接受记忆同义词、反义词、联想

42、记忆等 方法来整理、记忆词汇。 教材中消逝的比较重要的词组和短语, 我们也可以一起 来整理记忆。如: 表示地点: in /on /under the desk /table? in a river /tree? in the classroom/gym/library? in the top in front of /behind the tree? in the sink in the bedroom/living room? on the ice / snow on the blackboard on a map on the right /left? 表示时间: in the morni

43、ng /afternoon /evening in winter /spring /summer /fall 表示动作: open the window/book /door close the window/book /door go to bed go to school go to sleep go for a walk go straight go up the stairs go shopping go to the park /zoo /gym? go swimming go /walk /drive to work eat breakfast /lunch /supper hav

44、e breakfast /lunch /supper read a book read books read the newspaper a pair of shorts /gloves? read my /your book play basketball /sports /cards? play on the computer work on the computer speak english /chinese teach english learn english take a picture take off take the bus by bus /bicycle? write a

45、 story write a letter watch tv watch a movie fly a kite fly kites go on a trip go on trips have a good trip help my /your mother wash my /your hands /face brush my /your teeth get up domy homework put on drawa picture walk home stand up wake up listen to the radio /teacher turn right /left work hard

46、 drive a car ride a bicycle stay home look at live in arrive in? leave for ? etc ( 三) 语法部分。 1.词类与用法。 a.名词。 ( 1) 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式, 要求把握单数变 复数的一般规章。何时加- s, 何时加- es . ( 2) 把握课本中消逝的不规章名词的复数形式。如men, women , children , people, etc ( 3) 了解不行数名词没有复数形式。如: paper, chalk, ice, cream, cake, juice, soup, ice, meat,

47、 fish, fruit, milk, chicken, etc 此外, 还有一些名词本身就是以复数形式消逝的。如: shorts , jeans, socks, clothes, etc b.代词。 ( 1) 把握人称代词he, she, i, you, we, they 的用法. ( 2) 把握形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, our 的用 法。了解名词性物主代词mine, yours 的用法。 ( 3) 把握指示代词this , that, these, those 的用法, 特殊是 它们构成的句型。 ( 4) 把握疑问代词( 包括部分疑问副词) what, how

48、, how many , howmuch, howold, howtall, howoften, who, what time, when , where, 等构成的特殊疑问句并能做出简洁回答。 c.冠词。 把握a 和an 的不同用法。 d.数词。 ( 1) 把握数词1100 以及整百、整千的写法用法。 ( 2) 了解序数词第1- 第12。 e.介词。 把握介词in, on, under, above, below, beside, inside, outside, in front of, behind 等的用法。 f.动词。 ( 1) 把握be 动词am, is, are (was wer

49、e) 在使用时的人称 变化, be 动词构成的确定句、否定句、疑问句以及对疑问句的 回答等形式。 ( 2) 把握行为动词在不同时态里的不同形式, 包括一般 现在时里的动词原形和动词的第三人称单数形式; 现在进行 时里的动词+ing 形式和一般过去时里的动词过去式包括规 则动词加- ed 和不规章动词如ate, saw, went, bought, taught, thought, etc. ( 3) 把握助动词do, does, did 等构成的否定句、疑问句 以及对问句的简洁回答形式。 ( 4) 把握情态动词can, may 构成的各种句型及问句的答 语。 ( 5) 把握would 构成的问

50、句及答语。 g.形容词、副词。 了解形容词可放到be 动词后或名词前如: i am happy. mymother is young. this is a red bag. he has white hair. 了解形 容词比较级的用法。如: i am older/ younger than ? i am taller/ shorter than? 了解表示频率的副词always, usually, sometimes, never 的用法。 2.句子: a. 句子的类型: 重点把握陈述句( 包括确定句和否定 句) 、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句及其回答。 b.句子的时态: 要求把握一般现在时、现在

51、进行时、一般 过去时和一般将来时, 重点是一般现在时和现在进行时。 学校英语学习资料汇总2 一、大写字母的运用 1.句首第一个字母大写。 2.人名、国名、节日名、语言名、组织名等专出名词的首字母大写。 3.星期、月份的首字母大写。 4.特指的学校、政府、党派、委员会或涉及具体人名的称呼或职位，首字母大写。 5.某些特殊词汇、缩略词、标志语、特殊用语等，首字母大写或全大写。 6.句中要强调的部分通常全大写。 7.诗的每一行首字母要大写。 二、与字母发音相同的单词 如：bb-bee, cc-see/sea, rr-are, tt-tea, ii-i/eye, oo-oh, uu-you, yy-w

52、hy. 三、缩略形式 如：im = i am, youre = you are, shes = she is/she has, wont=will not, cant =can not, isnt=is not, lets = let us. 四、同音异形词 如：to/too/two, their/there, right/write, pair/pear, four/for, know/no, sun/son. 五、反义词 如：day-night, come-go, yes-no, up-down, big-small. short-longtall, fat-thin, low-high, slow-fast, 六、名词复数的变化规章 1.一般状况下，直接加s， 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch 结尾，加es， 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-wa