原晓艳--名词性从句

1、Learning Objectivesn1)To solve the problems met in self-learning;n2)To consolidate Noun Clauses through advanced assignment;n3)To practise using the grammar. Analysis of Online Homework4.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming. (attibutive clause)15-What a mess!

2、 You are always so lazy!-Im not to blame, Mum. I am _you have made me. A. what B. how C. who D.that8._has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever12. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. ma

3、stered D. will master 14.He made some advice that everyone_his best to help the poor girl. A. did B. does C. could do D. do（一）、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处（一）、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处两种从句都可以用两种从句都可以用that, why, when, where等词引导等词引导 e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. (同位语从句同位语从句)The news tha

4、t you told us is really encouraging.（定（定语从句）语从句）（二）、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处（二）、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处1 1、从句的作用不同：、从句的作用不同：同位语从句同位语从句用来进一步用来进一步说明前面说明前面名词的内容名词的内容；定语从句定语从句用来用来修饰、限定前面修饰、限定前面的名词（即修饰与被修饰的名词（即修饰与被修饰的关系）的关系）。 e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队取

5、得我们队取得了决赛胜利。了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非来自而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）（二）、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处（二）、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同位语引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分，但不能省略；任何成分，但不能省略；而引导定语从句的而引导

6、定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中在从句中充当成分，做宾语时可省略。充当成分，做宾语时可省略。e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何不充当任何成分）成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语，又在从句中充当主语。）。） 3)The problem why so many

7、areas were flooded during the heavy storm has been solved.1. that 有没有充当成分；有没有充当成分；2. when ,where , why等前面对应的是表时间，地点，原等前面对应的是表时间，地点，原因等名词时，常是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。因等名词时，常是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。 总结总结： _是是连连词，在名词性从句中词，在名词性从句中不充当任何不充当任何成分成分，即后面跟的是一个完整的句子。即后面跟的是一个完整的句子。 而而_是连接是连接代代词，在名词性从句中词，在名词性从句中充当充当成分成分，通常充当，通常充当主

8、语，宾语，表语主语，宾语，表语。即后面跟的即后面跟的是一个不完整的句子是一个不完整的句子. _ was most important to her was her family. A. It B. This C. What D. AsIts thirty years since we last met. But I still remembered the story_ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when thatwhat总结总结:易混连词用法比较易混连词用法比较- that与与what拓展拓展：that

9、引导宾语从句时只是起连结作用引导宾语从句时只是起连结作用,本身没有意本身没有意义义,在口语或非正式文件中可以省略在口语或非正式文件中可以省略.例例: She said (that) she was going to study French. 提示提示: that引导的宾语从句在以下几种情况不可以省略引导的宾语从句在以下几种情况不可以省略1. 如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句, 最后一个最后一个that不可省略不可省略.例例: He said (that) he was from Glasgow and that he has no ho

10、me.2. 主句中有主句中有it作形式宾语作形式宾语, that不可省不可省例例: We think it is important that every citizen should have good manners.3. 宾语从句的第一个词为宾语从句的第一个词为this/ that时时, 引导词引导词that不可省不可省例例: She told me that that night was very cold. 4.当宾语从句是个主从复合句时当宾语从句是个主从复合句时,且从句在前时，且从句在前时，that不能不能省略，当从句在后时可以省略。省略，当从句在后时可以省略。请看例题：请看例题：

11、1. Father promised _ I studied harder he would take me to Beijing. (从句在前从句在前) A. if B. that if 2. Father promised _ he would take me to Beijing if I studied harder .(从句在后从句在后) A. that B./ 所以所以1选选B, 2选选A或或B都对。都对。 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. Whoever will speak at the meeting has not been de

12、cided yet.2. Who breaks the law shall be punished.Who（谁）（谁） Whoever（无论谁）（无论谁） （1 1） what 类词类词(who/ which/ whom/ when/ where/ how): 有疑问意义，表示特指概念有疑问意义，表示特指概念, 充当成分充当成分。 （2 2） whatever类词类词 (whoever/ whichever/ whomever): 有意义，有意义，“凡是凡是 的，无论的，无论的，任何的，任何的的”），），无疑问无疑问意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。相当于相当于any

13、thing that, anyone who, any one that/ who.易混连词用法比较易混连词用法比较 - what类词与类词与whatever类词类词拓展：拓展：whoever, whatever, whichever等词可以引导名等词可以引导名词性从句词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导让步状语从句, 但但no matter who, no matter what 等只能引导让步状语从句等只能引导让步状语从句.试比较：试比较：（让步状语从句）（让步状语从句）Whoever breaks the law, he shall be punished.=_ breaks th

14、e law, he shall be punished.（名词性从句）（名词性从句）Whoever breaks the law shall be punished._ shall be punished.Anyone who breaks the lawNo matter who虚拟语气虚拟语气1) 动词动词: 一个坚持一个坚持( insist); 两个命令两个命令( order, command); 三项要求三项要求/请求请求(demand, require, request); 四条建议四条建议(suggest, propose, advise, recommend) 后接后接that宾

15、语从句宾语从句中，中，如：如：suggest that sb. (should) doIt+be+v.ed(suggested/required/)+that 的的主语从句主语从句中，如：中，如：It is suggested that sb. (should) do sth.2) 以上动词的以上动词的名词名词 (order, command, demand, requirement, request, suggestion, proposal, advice,)所接的所接的同位语从句同位语从句及及表语从句表语从句中中,如：如： My suggestion is that we (should

16、) do our homework first.His suggestion that we (should) go there on foot is acceptable.3)表情绪，观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气表情绪，观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如：如：necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity ，the shame ，no wonder等。等。句型：句型：It is.that +主语从句主语从句，从句的谓语动词常用，从句的谓语动词常用shoul

17、d+原形且原形且should的省略要看情况而定。的省略要看情况而定。eg:It is necessary that we (should) be prepared for the final examinations.（should表示表示“建议建议”的语气，可省。）的语气，可省。）It is strange that such a person should be our friend.（should表示表示“竟然竟然”的语气，不可省。的语气，不可省。) 做题三步曲：做题三步曲： 步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。步骤二：分析从句

18、缺何种成分。步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词。步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词。Advanced Assignments1.Who did the damaged computer belong to? No one had any idea.2.Will we visit the Great Wall tomorrow? It has not been decided.3.He will win the game. It is certain.No one had any idea who the damaged computer belonged to.Whether we will vi

19、sit the Great Wall has not been decided.That he will win the game is certain.It is certain that he will win the game.一句多译一句多译1.众所周知，教育是我们生活中必要的一部分。众所周知，教育是我们生活中必要的一部分。2.这小孩懂得多，我们深感惊讶。这小孩懂得多，我们深感惊讶。（so that句型）句型）（主语从句）（主语从句）（主语从句）（主语从句）（宾语从句）（宾语从句）（定语从句）（定语从句） As is known to all, education is a neces

20、sary part in our life. What is known to all is that education is a necessary part in our life. It is known to all that education is a necessary part in our life. It is widely acknowleded that education is a necessary part in our life. （so that句型）句型）The little boy knows so many things that we feel su

21、rprised.（主语从句）（主语从句）That the boy knows so many things surprises us. （主语从句）（主语从句）What surprises us is that the boy knows so many things. （宾语从句）（宾语从句）We are surprised that the little boy knows so many things.（定语从句）（定语从句）The little boy knows so many things, which surprises us. Practice VSPresentation名词性从句名词性从句篇章作文篇章作文 莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖（莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖（the Nobel Prize for literature）的消息传来了，大家都很高兴的原因是他是首位获的消息传来了，大家都很高兴的原因是他是首