英语国家概况答案

1、英语作业答案unit 1i .read the following statements carefully and decide whether they aretrue orfalse.1. the island of great britain is geographically divided into three parts: england,scotland and wales. (t)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。2. people in different parts of britain like to use the name england to refer tot

2、heir country. (f) british3. today more than half of the people in wales still speak the ancient welshlanguage. (f)4. in terms of population and area， northern ireland is the second largest partof the united kingdom. (f) 英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5. the longest river of britain originates in wales. (t) the river

3、 severn 文河6. because of political troubles， northern ireland has been quite significantamong the four constituent parts of the united kingdom. (t)1. the two main islands of the british isles are.不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰a.great britain and ireland b.great britain and scotlandc.great britain and walesd.

4、great britain and england2. is the capital city of scotland.a. belfast b. edinburgh c. aberdeend.cardiff3. among the four parts of the united kingdom，is thesmallest.a.englandb. scotland1 / 15c.walesd. northern ireland4. the introduction of christianity to britain added the first element of words to

5、english.a. danish and finnishb. dutch and germanc. french and italiand. latin and greek5. the evolution of middle english was reinforced by the influence.a. norman b. dutch c. german d. danish6. samuel johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standardformof .a. grammarb. handwritingc. s

6、pellingd. pronunciationa. halfb. a quarterc. one thirdd. one fifthiii. give brief answers to the following questions-1. what is the full name of the u.k.?the full name is the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland2. why do tourists from all over the world like to go to scotland?they li

7、ke to enjoy the beautiful scottish scenery, to drink scotch whisky and tosee scotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. how many periods can the development of the english language be dividedinto and what are they?the development of the english language can be divided into three periods: oldengl

8、ish, middle english and modern english.2 / 15iv . state your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1. who are british people?2. what is standard english?standard english is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeasternengland; it is widely used in media and taught

9、at schools. it is preferred by theeducated, middle-class people. is has developed and has been promoted as a modelfor the correct british english. it is also the norm标准)carried overseas. today,standard english is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are muchthe same everywhere in t

10、he world where english is taught and used. unit 21. read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are true orfalse.2. the british history before 55 bc is basically undocumented. (t)3. the celts became the dominant group in britain between the 8th and 5thcenturies bc. (t)4. the name

11、 of britain came from a celtic tribe the britons. (t)5. the anglo saxons came to britain in the mid-5th century. (t) (不 考)6. the chief or king of the anglo-saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(f)7. the vikings began to attack the english coast in the 8th century. (t)8. henry ii built up a

12、 large empire which included england and most of france (t)9. the magna carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privilegedclass and the townspeople. (f)10. the hundred years war was a series of wars fought between england andnormans for trade and territory. (f)3 / 151 the attack on rome

13、 ended the roman occupation in britain in 0b danishd germanica normanc celtic2. by the late 7th century， became the dominant religion inenglanda celtic christianityb anglo-saxon christianityc germanic christianityd roman christianity3. westminster abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）was built at the time ofa. st. augusti

14、neb. edward the confessor（千悔者爱德华 ）c william the conquerord alfred the great4. the marked the establishment of feudalism（封建制度）in englanda viking invasionb signing of the magna carta5. the end of the wars of the roses led to the rule of .a the house of valoisb the house of yorkc. the house of tudor都专！

15、楼）d. the house of lancaster出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利都铎结束了玫瑰战争， 登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6. the direct cause for the religious reformation was king henry viiis effortto .a divorce his wifeb break with rome4 / 15c support the protestantsd declare his supreme powerover thechurch7. the english civil war broke out in 1642

16、 between .a protestants and puritansb royalists and parliamentariansc nobles and peasantsd aristocrats and christians8. was passed after the glorious revolution世 荣革命）.a bill of rightsb act of supremacyc provisions of oxfordd magna cartaa 17thb 18thc 19thd 20th0 britain faced strong challenges in its

17、 global imperial dominance by the beginning of thecentury a 17thb 18thc 19thd 20thiii. give brief answers to the following questions.2. what were some of queen victorias major achievements?3. what were the two camps in europe in world war i ?4. why did britain cooperate closely with the united state

18、s after worldwarn ?answers: 1. they are the house of commons and the house of lords.4. because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries aboutthe former soviet union.iv . state your understanding of the following questions.5 / 151. what were the results of the industrial revolution

19、 in britain?2. the rise and fall of the british empire?answers:1. the industrial revolution changed britain in many ways. first, industrialproductivity increased dramatically. britain became the most advanced industrialcountry and also the financial center in the world. second, urbanization took pla

20、ce.many new cities sprang up. third, it caused great changes in the class structure. theold social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. the conflictbetween the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important politicalissue.2. colonization of newfoundland, the first britis

21、h colony overseas, in 1583marked the beginning of the british empire. by 1837, britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in canada, australia, new zealand, india andmany small states in the west indies. by the end of the 19th century, the britishempire included a quarter of the glo

22、bal population and nearly a quarter of theworlds landmass. during the mid-19th century, the british government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of thegovernment. before world war i , britain had the largest colonial empire in theworld. however, britain suf

23、fered great loss to its manpower in the two world warsand exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. most of britainscolonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of theempire.unit 4 politics and government of uk1 read the following statements c

24、arefully and decide whether they are true orfalse2 the british monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history f3 in reality ， the british king or queen is the source of all government powers f6 / 154. british parliament is the law-making body of the commonwealth ofnations（英联邦国家）.f5. lord

25、s spiritual（_b议院神职议员）and lords tempora代议院世俗议 员） areall members in the british upper house（t 议院）.t6. the members in the house of commons议院）are appointed rather thanelected f上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。7. the british prime minister is the leader of the majority party in parliament t8. cabinet members的阁iu员）are cho

26、sen by the prime minister fromvarious political parties in parliament fcabinet members are chosen by the prime minister from members of thewinning political parties in parliament9. british law consists of two parts, the civil law and the criminal law t0 the legal systems in englan，d wales， scotland

27、and northern ireland aremuch similar in terms of law, organization and practice f1 the british government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branches with the exception of the .a. judiciary 司法b. legislature立法c. monarchyd. executive 行政2. the importance of the briti

28、sh monarchy君主政体）can be seen in its effecton .a passing the billsb advising thegovernmentc political partiesd public attitude7 / 153. as a revising chamber审裁室），the house of lords is expected to the house of commons4. british cabinet works on the principle of .a. collective responsibility（集体责任）b. indi

29、vidual responsibilityc defending the collectivismd defending the individuals5 . the main duty of the british privy council枢密院）is to .a make decisionsb give advicec pass billsd supervise the cabinet6 in britain， the parliamentary general election is held every years.a threeb fourc fived.six7 has a di

30、stinct legal system based on roman lawa walesb englandc scotlandd northern ireland8 generally speaking， the british parliament operates on a system.a single-partyb two -partyc three-partyd multi-party9 the policies of the conservative party are characterized by pragmatism 实用主义 and .a government inte

31、rventionb nationalization ofenterprisesc social reformd a belief in individualism0 the labor party affected the british society greatly in that it8 / 15a set up the national health serviceb improved publictransportationc abolished the old tax systemd enhanced theeconomicdevelopment田. give brief answ

32、ers to the following questions.1 what are the three functions of the house of commons?there are three main functions of the house of commons. the first is to debateand vote upon legislation and the second is to give the chance for the opposition toquestion what the government is doing with legislati

33、on, the way it conducts itself, etc.the third function is private members business where mps may get up and make aspeech in the house about an issue or event that he/she would like to draw attention to.2 . what kind of public image does liberal democrats自 由民主党)have inbritain?张老师的答案： liberal democrat

34、s was founded in march, 1988. in publicseyes, liberal democrats adopts more progress policy on the issue of public services,social equity and environmental protection etc. it continues to maintain thecooperation with labor party, and it is third party in uk with 100,000 party members.the liberal dem

35、ocrats, often shortened to lib dems, are a social liberal politicalparty in the united kingdom. the party was formed in 1988 by a merger of theliberal party and the social democratic party. the two parties had formed theelectoral sd) liberal alliance for seven years before then. the current leader o

36、f theparty is nick clegg. at the 2010 general election, 57 lib dem mps were elected,making them the third -largest party in the house of commons, behind theconservative party with 307 and the labour party with 258. the liberal democratsformed a coalition government with the conservative party, with

37、nickclegg asdeputy prime minister and other liberal democrats in the cabinet.unit 1 geography and people 9 / 15i read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are true orfalse1. the eastern highlands formed by the appalachian的巴拉契亚山脉） holdone third of the countrys continental territ

38、ory f 1/3-1/62. the climate in the united states can be classified as temperat，e with somemild subtropical（亚热带的）and tropical（热带的）zones. t4. san francisco!旧金山）is the second largest city after new york and theworld famous hollywood and disneyland are located here f 洛杉矶 是第二大城市6 half of the u s populati

39、on lives in the western metropolitan centers f东部7 the blacks brought from africa to america usually worked on plantations orfarms in the north f 在美国南部8 during the 1830s and 1840s， many northern europeans and irish immigrants came to america t9 basic american cultural values are freedom， equality and

40、 desire to workhard for a higher standard of living t1 the united states hasstates on the continen ta 50 b 48 d 352 the state ofis the largest in area of all the state sa alaska b hawaiic texas d florida3 the u s lies innorth america， with canada to the north，mexico to the south ， the atlantic 大西洋 t

41、o itsand the pacific太平洋 toitsa northern ， east， westb central， east， west10 / 15c southern ， west， east d western ， east， west4 the largest river in the u s is.a the missouri riverb the mississippi riverc the ohio riverd the colorado river5 some of the world famous universities like harvard， yale an

42、d mit are locateda in the southb along the pacific coastc. in new england新英格兰d. in the midwest6 is located on the u s.-canadian border between lake erieandlake ontarioa yellowstone national parkb the grand canyonc niagara falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布d the great salt lake7 the native alaskan population includes the

43、 following exceptthea indians b eskimos c aleuts d blacks8 the largest minority in the united states is the .a pacific islandersb blacksc native americansd asiansiii give brief answers to the following questions1 how is the life of the native americans today?about 2.5 million native americans live i

44、n the usa today. the biggest tribes arethe cherokee, chippewa, navajo and sioux. about a third of the indians in the us liveon reservations. the rest live in cities or towns. 11 / 15indian culture is still preserved on reservations. here, indians practice oldtraditions. however, they are worried tha

45、t their traditions will disappear becausemore and more indians are being integrated into society.some tribes get money from tourism or selling handicrafts. in 1988 the government allowed casinos and other gambling operations on reservations. othertribes earn money from taxes on oil or gas that is pr

46、oduced on their land.chapter 6 literature1 read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are true orfalse1 . the canterbury tales坎特伯雷故事集）is a representative work of the oldenglish period f 中古英语的代表作2 . renaissance文艺复兴）is characterized by admiration of the greekandlatin classics t3 h

47、amlet depicts the heros struggle with two opposing forces： moral integrity and the need to avenge his fathers murder t4 alexander pope was a great english poet who also translated homers iliad （伊利亚特） t5 jonathan swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the english language， and robinson crus

48、oe is his masterpiec e fby daniel defoe6 william wordsworth and samuel taylor coleridge brought the romanticmovement to its height f they are keats, byron, shelley.7 lord byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,詈档愠？甥？抄播？猪琰敢扎徼濯挈.f by shelley8 jane austen was a we-llknown

49、 novelist of the stream of consciousness school f12 / 159. joseph conrad朦纳德）is classified as a forerunner驱）ofmodernism ， which prevailed before world war ii t0. v.s naipaul （奈保尔）detailed in his works the dual （两部分的）problems of the third world ： the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolo

50、nialism （后殖民主义）.t1 the most significant achievement of the english renaissance is .a poetryb dramac noveld pamphlet2 is viewed as romantic poetrys “ declaration ofindependence” a “ i wondered lonely as a cloud”b don juanc “ preface to lyrical ballad”sd prometheus unbound3 . of dickens novels is cons

51、idered autobiographical（自传的）.a a tale of two citiesb david copperfieldc oliver twistd great expectations4 is a representative of english critical realism at the turn ofthe 19thcenturya robert louis stevensonc joseph conrad马斯 .哈代）5 of the following statements romanticism （新浪漫主义）.b john miltond. thoma

52、s hard （托is not correct in terms of neo-a it prevailed at the end of the 19th centuryb the writers were dissatisfied with the social reality13 / 15c the writers believed in “art for arts sake” （ 艺术至上主义） d treasure island was a representative work6 is not included in the modernist groupa. oscar wild

53、（奥斯卡王尔彳惠）b. virginia woolfc william butler yeatsd t s eliot他是为艺术而艺术”的倡导者。7 of the following books， was not written by thomas hardya jude the obscureb tess of thedurbervillesc adam bed（e by george elio）td the return of the native8 . of the following statements,is not correct about virginia woolf（弗吉尼亚伍尔夫）.a she was a central figure of the bloomsbury group” 8 she experimented with stre