passive vs. active 主动被动翻译

1、Passive Voice VS Active Voice +英文中被动语态使用普遍英文中被动语态使用普遍： 科技论著 强调动作或结果 +中文较少使用被动语态中文较少使用被动语态 动词兼具主被动含义 多体现负面意义 1. （1）保留主语）保留主语 The whole country was armed in a few days. 几天以内全国武装起来了。 The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated. 他在青少年时期留下的自卑感，还没有完全消除。 We are

2、absorbed in the beauty of the sunset. 我们沉醉在美丽的夕阳中。 Children are exposed to too much violence on TV. 孩子们在电视上看到太多的暴力。 Techniques: （2）主语变宾语）主语变宾语 Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan. 人们不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。 He is known by everyone. 每个人都认识他。 He was made king by people. 人民拥立他为王。 This car is given to

3、 her. 这车是别人给她的。 （3）译为带表语的主动句）译为带表语的主动句 The crew were trained at Eglin Field, Fla. （轰炸机）机组人员是在佛罗里达州埃格林空军基地训练的。 The decision to attack was not taken lightly. 进攻的决定不是轻易做出的。 His body was found at the end of the alley. 他的尸体是在巷子的尽头发现的。 It is hoped that 希望希望 It is reported that 据报据报 It is said that 据说据说 It

4、 is supposed that 据推测据推测 It may be said without fear of exaggeration that 可以毫不夸张的说可以毫不夸张的说 It must be pointed out that 必须指出必须指出 It must be admitted that 必须承认必须承认 it will be seen from this that 由此可见由此可见 It is asserted that 有人主张有人主张 It is believed that 有人相信（认为）有人相信（认为） It is generally considered that

5、大家（普遍）认为大家（普遍）认为 It is well known that 众所周知众所周知 It will be said that 有人会说有人会说 It was told that 有人曾经说有人曾经说 （1）增加合乎中文习惯表示被动的字，如： 被被 给给 遭（受）遭（受） 为为所所 Any minute we would surely be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield. 我们随时都会被出入机场的敌机发现。 I started to explain that I could not do my be

6、st since my spectacles had been taken away from me, but she wouldnt let me finish. 我开始解释，我不可能干的很好，因为我的眼 镜已给拿走了， 但她不准我讲完。 （2）令令 由由 为为所所 The old man is supported by his grandson. 这位老人由他的孙子供养。 He is respected by his country men. 他受到国人的尊敬。 I was shocked by her attitude. 她的态度令我吃惊。 I was so impressed by t

7、hese words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 我为这些话所深深感动，后来就把它们写在圣诞 贺卡上。 （3）把把 使使 By evening the occupation was complete, and the people were chased off the streets by an eight oclock curfew. 至傍晚，占领已告完成。八点钟开始的宵禁把人们从街道赶 走。 The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 大火使这著名旅馆几乎全部毁灭。 +Abraham Lincoln awed the mother who lost five sons in the war. 这位在战争中失去五个儿子的母亲对林肯总统充满敬 畏之心。 +The little boy surprised his teacher. 小男孩令他的老师吃惊。 +The police worry the demonstrators. 警察令示威者感到忧心。 +T