【语法】高中英语语法：动名词的用法

1、动名词的用法推荐词：动名词。顾名思义兼具动词和名词，动名词不难，重在积累，识清与分词的区别，即可战无不胜。 干货：动名词就是以v.-ing形式行使一个名词的权利和义务，作为名词被使用，名词能干啥，它也能干啥。私认为学好动名词保证不失分的关键在于积累 . 积累分为以下几个方面：（1）积累动词加ing的特殊形式，例如：die-dying；lie-lying等，不用变形直接加ing的可忽略，因为你肯定不会错，错的往往是变形加ing的词，积累这些就好。（2）积累动词宾语只能加动名词形式的动词，例如：enjoydoing,practicedoing,imaginedoing,denydoing很多动词都

2、是可以加todo和doing两种形式的，这些词，你只需知道todo、doing有什么区别-其实大多就是todo是一次性的动作，doing是长久习惯性动作；todo是还未做的动作，要do的事情发生在未来，而doing是已经做过的动作，do的事情已经发生；等情况。所以，只能接doing的动词是你积累的关键，以防你习惯性认为它可接todo和doing，这样就容易出错。（3）积累接动名词形式的固定搭配短语，动词加介词to时，后面一定接doing，所以弄清楚v.to的to的词性，就肯定知道接do或doing；动词加介词，后面也一定接doing因为是介宾结构（feellikedoing中like是介词）。

3、积累这些固定搭配短语，是事半功倍的，提升短语词汇，也不会错doing了。例如：lookforwardto中to为介词，所以是lookforwardtodoing；同类型的还有preferdoingtodoing、objecttodoing、betiredofdoing，这些要记且比较容易，而另一类型就需要积累总结，例如：Itsworthdoing；canthelpdoing；havedifficulty(in)doingsth.之类（4）积累动名词的特殊用法，例如：want、need、require作需要时，接doing表主动接tobedone表被动。前面说过动名词是作为名词被使用的，所以名词

4、能干的它也能干-可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。需要注意的是动名词与现在分词作定语的区别在于-动名词与所修饰的名词无主谓关系，表其性能和用途；现在分词则有主谓关系，表其正在进行的动作。例：awalkingstick=astickthatisusedforwalkingaswimminggirl=agirlwhoisswimming另外，动名词是有时态和语态变化的-时态有一般时（doing）和完成时（havingdone），语态有主动和被动（beingdone/havingbeendone），具体分析句子后再选择恰当的形式使用。识清动名词和分词的区别是关键，所谓的一个句子出现两个谓语需将其中一个

5、变为非谓语的用法会用doing形式，这些都是现在分词表伴随、表状态等，而非动名词，所以动名词这里不详加叙述。动名词的功能和习惯用法1动名词在句中可作主语和表语。当动名词作主语，表语为 no use， no good时，常用让作为形式主语，将真正的主语动名词后置。Being a pilot requires training and experience.（作主语）当一名飞行员需要训练和经验。It is no use advising him.（作主语）劝告他只是白费力气。My hobby is collecting coins.（作表语）我的兴趣是收集硬币。2动名词在句中作宾语。My brot

6、her enjoys collecting stamps.我的兄弟喜欢收集邮票。Miss Green hates eating hamburgers.格林小姐讨厌吃汉堡包。常用动名词作宾语的动词有：finish doing sth.enjoy doing sth.like doing sth.love doing sth.hate doing sth.dislike doing sth.mind doing sth.practise doing sth.suggest doing sth.admit doing sth.deny doing sth.consider doing sth.con

7、tinue doing sth.remember doing sth.forget doing sth.try doing sthavoid doing sth.imagine doing sth.allow doing sth.delay doing sth.begin doing sth.start doing sth.keep doing sth.miss doing sth.require doing sthescape doing sth.有些动词短语接动名词：give up doing sth.look forward to doing sth.prefer doing sth.

8、to doing sthfeel like doing sthbe good at doing sth.be successful in doing sth.be tired of doing sth.be fond of doing sth.be afraid of doing sth.be busy doing sth.be used to doing sth.lead to doing sth.object to doing sth.stick to doing sth.put off doing sth.take up doing sth.insist on doing sth.thi

9、nk of /about doing sth.devote oneself to doing sth.excuse sb. for doing sth (=excuse ones doing sth.)3动名词在句中作介词的宾语。Many people use plastic bags forshopping at supermarkets许多人在超市使用望料购物袋。These railings stop people from falling into the river.这些围栏防止人们掉进河里。4动名词在句中作定语，表示该名词的用途。My mother often makes a sho

10、pping list (=a list for shopping)before she goes to thesupermarket.我妈妈在去超市前，经常写一张购物清单。Please buy me a ticket on the sleeping car (=the car for sleeping) to Shanghai.请给我买一张到上海的卧铺票。5动名词的主动式表示被动意义。My bike needs repairing. =My bike needs to be repaired.我的自行车需要修理。The old lady wants comforting.=The old la

11、dy ants to be comforted.这位老妇人希望得到安慰。The criminal deserves punishing. =The criminal deserves to be punished.罪犯应受到惩罚。The exhibition is worth visiting. =The exhibition is worthy to be visited.这个展览会值得参观。6动名词的逻辑主语。1）动名词作主语时，逻辑主语必须用名词或代词的所有格。Toms(His) coming is what we have expected.汤姆的（他的）到来正是我们所期望的。2）动名词作宾语时，逻辑主语也可用名词的普通格或代词的宾格。She didnt mind Jack (Jacks) arriving late.她不介意杰克迟到了。They insist on him (his) staying longer.他们坚持要他多住些日子。3）逻辑主语为不定代词或无生命名词时，只用普通格。Is there any hope of