高中英语定语从句教学课件

1、2021/3/261THE ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSE2021/3/262定语定语 The attribute1. Bob is a bad man. 2.The students in the reading- room are our classmates. 2021/3/263修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有引导定语从句的关系词有:定语从句定语从句 Attributive Clauses关系代词关系代词:who, whom whose, which, that 关系副词关系副词:when, where,

2、why2021/3/264定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。后。eg.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句2021/3/265定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从非限制性定语从句句定语从句可分为定语从句可分为:2021/3/2661)限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句与它的先行词限制性定语从句与它的先行词之间在语义上有着不可分割的联之间在语义上有着不可分割的联系系,如果去掉定语从句就会使主句如果去掉定语从句就会使主句意思不明确。意思不

3、明确。 2021/3/267 eg. The boy who is playing on the grass is her brother.eg. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.2021/3/2682)非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句与主句的关系非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是很密切不是很密切,它仅对先行词作一些附它仅对先行词作一些附加说明加说明,如果去掉如果去掉,并不影响先行词并不影响先行词所指的意义所指的意义,主句的意思仍然清楚。主句的意思仍然清楚。2021/3/269 eg. Marrys

4、 brother, who is an engineer, works in my factory.eg. They will fly to Kungming, where they plan to stay for two days.2021/3/2610 在限制性定语从句中关系代词的用在限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法法:1) who/that 指人指人,在从句中作主语。在从句中作主语。 He is the man who/that visited our school yesterday. He is the man.He visited our school yesterday.whow

5、ho2021/3/2611The man was Marrys brother.He called this morning. The man who /that called this morning was Marrys brother.whowho2021/3/2612Do you know the man?He spoke just now. Do you know the man who/that spoke just now?2021/3/2613We talked about the persons.We visited them last year. We talked abo

6、ut the persons (whom) we visited last year.2) whom指人指人,在从句中作宾在从句中作宾语语,可省略。可省略。(who和和 that 也可做宾语也可做宾语.)whomwhomwhom whom we visited last year.we visited last year.2021/3/2614The girl is from America.I called her just now. The girl (whom)I called just now is from America.whomwhomwhom whom I called jus

7、t now.I called just now.2021/3/26153)which/that 指物指物,在句中作主语在句中作主语或宾语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。 eg. Im not interested in the book which /that has just been published.eg. I dont want to read the letter (which/that) she has written.2021/3/2616I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. I have

8、read the newspaper which/that carries the important news.2021/3/2617I showed him the letter.I received it this morning. I showed him the letter (which/that) I received this morning.2021/3/2618* 先行词前有下列词语修饰时先行词前有下列词语修饰时, 定语定语从句必须用从句必须用 that 引导。引导。all, every, any, little, few, much, the only, the very

9、 ; the + 序数词序数词; the + 形容词最高形容词最高级级eg. This is the cleanest park that you can imagine.eg. This is the only book that has been written in French.2021/3/2619eg. He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city. * 在在 who 或或 which 引导的特殊疑问引导的特殊疑问句中句中,限制性定语从句必须用限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。引导。that

10、eg. Who is the man is standing over there.that * *当先行词由人和物两部分组成时,限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。2021/3/2620先行词在先行词在主句和从句主句和从句中都作表语时中都作表语时, 限制性定语从句通常用限制性定语从句通常用 that 引导。引导。(常可省略常可省略) eg. She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.2021/3/26215) whose 指人或物指人或物,表示所属表示所属,在在 从句从句中作定语。中作定语。

11、eg. Thats the man whose house was burned down. eg. I saw some old buildings whose windows were all broken.2021/3/2622The girl got first.Her father had given us a report. The girl whose father had given us a report got first.whosewhose2021/3/2623That is the machine.The parts of it are too small to se

12、e. Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see. 或者:Thats the machine of which the parts are too small to see.2021/3/26246.在非限制性定语从句在非限制性定语从句 中关系代词的用中关系代词的用法法:在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中,通常用通常用who, whom, whose 指人指人,用用 which 指物指物 , 而而绝对不能用绝对不能用 that .2021/3/2625eg. Then he met Mary, who invited him to

13、 a party.eg. Here is John Smith, who(m) I talked about the other day.2021/3/2626 Last year she bought this car, which cost her$10,000 . Last year she bought this house, for which she paid her life savings. I congratulated Mr Jones, whose son had won the high jump.2021/3/2627在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词

14、关系代词作宾语不能省略。作宾语不能省略。 *eg. My sister, whom you spoke to at the meeting, wants to study history.2021/3/2628* which 在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中,还还可指其前面整个主句可指其前面整个主句,即以整个主句即以整个主句作先行词。作先行词。eg. They said they were French, which was not true.2021/3/2629 先行词在从句中做介词宾语先行词在从句中做介词宾语, ,介词介词有有两种位置一是紧跟两种位置一是紧跟在先行词后在先行词后,

15、 ,也就是也就是这个介词加这个介词加whom /which,whom /which,再加从句再加从句; ;二是二是位于句尾或动词后位于句尾或动词后。Prep.+whomwhich7.7.介词介词+ +关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句Prep.+which= when /where /why2021/3/2630 The people with whom we are staying are very friendly to us.或或:The people (whom/who/that) we are staying with are very friendly to us.202

16、1/3/2631This is the house.A famous writer once lived in it. This is the house in which a famous writer once lived .或或: This is the house (which / that) a famous writer once lived in .或或: This is the house where a famous writer once lived .2021/3/2632I will never forget the day.I joined the League on

17、 the day. I will never forget the day on which I joined the League.或或: I will never forget the day (which / that) I joined the League on .或或: I wil never forget the day when I joined the League .2021/3/2633The lady lost her purse.Mr Smith is talking to her. The lady to whom Mr Smith is talking lost

18、her purse. The lady (that/ who/whom )Mr Smith is talking to lost her purse. 2021/3/2634Bob found the dictionary.I had been looking for it. Bob found the dictionary (that/which) I had been looking for.* *如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语的动词短语, ,介词不可前置。介词不可前置。2021/3/26359. as 9. as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句:

19、 : As As 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, , 通常与通常与 such,such, the same , as the same , as连连 用。用。 This is such an insect as we have seldom seen. I have the same trouble as you (have).2021/3/2636* *as as 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句, ,代表整个主代表整个主句句, ,它引导的从句不仅可以置于主句之后它引导的从句不仅可以置于主句之后, ,也可置于主句之前或主句之中。也可置于主句之前或主句之中。 As the teache

20、r told us, the earth goes round the sun. He didnt come to the party, as we expected.3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that , which or whose:1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We dont know the

21、number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquakethat / which that / who which / that 4.A house _ is built on sand 4.A house _ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake.may fall down in a earthquake.which / thatwhich / that5.Harry is the boy _ mother is our 5.Harry is the boy _ mother is o

22、ur maths teacher .maths teacher .whosewhose将下列句子改写成含有定语从句的复和句将下列句子改写成含有定语从句的复和句. .1. Have you found the bike? You are looking for the bike.2. The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday.3. I saw some trees. Their leaves were black with disease.4. The girl is our monitor. She is playing

23、 the piano over there.Have you found the bike (that/which) you are looking for?The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease. The girl who/that is playing the piano over there is our monitor.2021/3/26391.This is all_I know about th

24、e matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:2021/3/26404. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is ox

25、ygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 2021/3/26417. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew on

26、ce C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which2021/3/26429. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 2021/3/26431. The man _ I s

27、aw told me to wait.2. The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员杂技演员)4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.who whomwhosewhose2021/3/26445. All the apples _ fall are eaten by wild boars.6. Can you t

28、hink of anyone _ could look after him?7. This is the best hotel _ I know.thatthatthat2021/3/2645基础练习基础练习1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA2021/3/26464.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB2021/3/26477.The boy _mother is ill can not come to the party.A. who B. whose8.Tell me the rea