医学复习资料：呼吸系统题库

1、4.11. 关于呼吸道正确的是A.口腔为上呼吸道B.上呼吸道只有呼吸功能C.上呼吸道包括鼻、咽、喉D.喉属于下呼吸道E.肺和支气管为下呼吸道2. 呼吸道中最狭窄的部位是A.声门裂B.前庭裂C.喉前庭 D.喉中间腔E.声门下腔3. 最上鼻甲或上鼻甲后上方与蝶骨体之间的凹陷为 A.上颌窦B.上鼻道C.蝶筛隐窝D.筛窦前群E.垂体窝与脑垂体4. 鼻旁窦中与上颌第2前磨牙、第1和第2磨牙邻近的是A.额窦B.上颌窦C.蝶窦D.筛窦前、中群E.筛窦后群5. 可引起视神经炎的是A.额窦炎 B.上颌窦炎C.蝶窦炎D.前、中筛窦炎E.后筛窦炎6. 颅中窝骨折病人，血性脑脊液经鼻腔流出，可能伤及脑膜和哪个鼻旁窦A

2、.额窦B.筛窦C.上颌窦D.蝶窦E.上颌窦和额窦7. 上颌窦开口于 A.下鼻道B.上鼻道的半月裂孔C.中鼻道的半月裂孔D.中鼻甲内侧面E.中鼻甲的黏膜8. 食物容易滞留的部位是A.软腭黏膜的深部B.咽后壁C.梨状隐窝D.腭扁桃体窝内E.咽隐窝9. 描述甲状软骨错误的是A.是喉软骨中最大的一对软骨B.两侧甲状软骨板前缘相交形成喉结C.借甲状舌骨膜连于舌骨D.上角与杓状软骨形成关节E.下角与环状软骨形成关节10. 关于喉的正确描述是A.环甲肌收缩时紧张并拉长，声带B.环甲肌由喉返神经支配C.喉室位于前庭襞上方D.甲状软骨、环状软骨之间只借韧带连结E.会厌位于喉的后方11. 喉软骨支架中，哪块骨损伤

3、可产生喉狭窄A.会厌软骨B.甲状软骨C.环状软骨D.杓状软骨E.小角状软骨12. 声门裂位于A.两侧喉室之间B.两侧声襞之间C.两侧声韧带之间D.两侧前庭襞之间E.方形膜的下缘13. 喉腔最狭窄的部位是A.前庭裂B.喉中间腔C.声门下腔D.声门裂E.喉口以下的空腔14. 关于喉前庭，正确的叙述是A.又称喉腔B.位于喉口与前庭襞之间C.呈上窄下宽状D.位于弹性圆锥的下缘E.止于杓状软骨声带突15. 关于气管的描述，哪项是正确的A.气管杈的位置平胸骨角高度B.第35气管软骨前方有甲状腺峡C.气管位于食管的后方D.有1820个“C”形软骨环E.位于中纵隔内16. 关于左主支气管，正确的描述是A.位于

4、食管后方B.在食管前方走行C.比右主支气管短 D.在左肺动脉之上方到达肺门E.在左肺静脉之下方到达肺门17. 左、右肺根内在肺门处自前向后 A.肺静脉、肺动脉和主支气管B.肺动脉、肺静脉和主支气管C.肺动脉、主支气管和肺静脉D.肺静脉、主支气管和肺动脉E.主支气管、肺静脉和肺动脉18. 下列哪项不是肺根的结构A.肺动、静脉B.肺叶支气管C.支气管动、静脉D.神经E.淋巴结19. 右肺根内各结构自上而下排列依次为A.肺静脉、肺动脉、支气管B.肺静脉、支气管、肺动脉C.肺动脉、支气管、肺静脉D.肺动脉、肺静脉、支气管E.支气管、肺动脉、肺静脉20. 肺根部的毗邻是A.右肺根上方为主动脉弓跨过B.左

5、肺根上方有奇、半奇静脉跨过C.右肺根后方有膈神经D.左肺根前方有迷走神经E.左肺根上方为主动脉弓跨过21. 进出肺门的结构不包括A.一级支气管B.二级支气管C.支气管动、静脉D.肺动、静脉 E.肺淋巴管和神经22. 有关肺根的叙述，错误的是A.左肺根上方有主动脉弓跨过B.右肺根上方有奇静脉弓跨过C.自上而下两肺均为肺动脉、支气管、肺静脉D.迷走神经行于肺根后方E.膈神经行于肺根前方23. 关于肺静脉，正确的叙述是A.属于后纵隔内容B.每侧通常有一条C.位于肺动脉后方D.是肺的营养性血管E.是肺的功能性血管24. 肺的体表投影A.肺尖低于胸膜顶1cmB.前界左肺在第6肋间隙转向外侧C.肺下界在锁

6、骨中线与第6肋相交D.肺下界在腋中线与第9肋相交 E.肺后方下界终于第12胸椎棘突25. 肺的正确描述是A.位于胸廓内 B.经固定液固定的右肺上方有主动脉压迹C.经固定液固定的左肺上方有奇静脉沟D.肺尖向上经胸廓上口突至颈根部E.深吸气时可充满肋膈隐窝26. 关于肺的错误说法是A.肺底又称膈面B.两肺的前缘有心切迹C.左肺的前缘有左肺小舌D.肺与胸廓相邻的面称胸肋面E.纵隔面中央凹陷处称肺门27. 关于右肺的形态，哪个描述是错误的 A.通常分3个叶 B.分10个肺段C.有斜裂和水平裂D.较左肺宽而短E.心切迹上方有肺小舌28. 下列哪项描述是错误的A.肺叶支气管在各肺叶内再分为肺段支气管B.肺

7、段呈尖朝肺门的圆锥形C.相邻肺段间为疏松结缔组织所分隔D.相邻肺段间肺动脉的分支相互吻合E.肺静脉属支位于两肺段之间29. 下列哪项描述是错误的A.胸膜分脏胸膜和壁胸膜两部分B.壁胸膜又分为胸膜顶、肋胸膜、膈胸膜和纵隔胸膜C.肋胸膜与膈胸膜转折处为膜腔最低点D.两侧胸膜腔通过肺根互相交通E.胸膜顶超出锁骨上方23cm30. 关于胸膜腔正确的叙述是A.由脏、壁胸膜共同围成的密闭窄隙 B.由壁胸膜相互返折而成C.可通过呼吸与外界相通D.左、右胸膜腔经气管相通连E.其内有左、右肺和少量液体31. 关于两侧胸膜腔，正确的叙述是A.内含少量浆液B.借心包横窦相通C.借膈主动脉裂孔和腹膜腔相通D.下界在腋

8、中线平第8肋E.内有两肺32. 关于肋纵隔隐窝，正确的叙述是A.位于膈胸膜与纵隔胸膜之间B.由脏胸膜和壁胸膜返折形成C.当深吸气时能被肺下缘充满D.由胸壁和膈围成E.该隐窝存在于右侧胸膜腔33. 胸膜腔穿刺抽取积液时，进针位置应选A.腋中线以前，应沿下一肋骨的上缘B.腋中线以后，应沿下一肋骨的上缘C.腋中线以后，应沿肋间隙的中间D.腋中线以前，应沿上一肋骨的下缘E.腋中线以后，应沿上一肋骨的下缘 34. 胸膜下界在锁骨中线处相交于A.第6肋 B.第7肋C.第8肋D.第9肋E.第10肋35. 肺韧带是由胸膜的哪一部分构成A.脏胸膜B.肋胸膜 C.膈胸膜D.纵隔胸膜E.纵隔胸膜与脏胸膜移行部36.

9、 肋膈隐窝由下列结构返折形成A.肋胸膜与膈胸膜B.肋胸膜与纵隔胸膜C.纵隔胸膜与膈胸膜D.肋胸膜与胸膜顶E.纵隔胸膜与脏胸膜37. 对纵隔的描述，哪项正确A.位于胸膜腔内B.上界是肺尖C.容纳心、肺D.两侧界是纵隔胸膜E.两侧界是肺门38. 下列何器官不属于后纵隔A.食管B.支气管C.奇静脉D.交感干E.胸导管39. 上纵隔最前方的结构是A.左、右头臂静脉 B.上腔静脉C.气管D.主动脉弓E.胸腺40. 既经过后纵隔，又通过上纵隔的器官是A.气管B.主动脉弓C.上腔静脉D.食管E.下腔静脉41. 关于下纵隔，错误的叙述是A.包括胸腺、膈神经B.下纵隔分三部分C.后纵隔属于下纵隔D.两侧界为纵隔

10、胸膜E.下界为膈42. 与鼻中隔后缘相接的是A.蝶骨体 B.犁骨C.筛骨垂直板和犁骨D.中鼻甲和蝶骨体E.筛骨垂直板43. 某女性患者，56岁，患有右肺下叶原发性肺癌，出现呼吸困难和胸痛的症状，并发了癌性胸腔积液。此患者站立时，胸腔积液最有可能集聚在哪个部位A.左侧肋纵隔隐窝B.右侧肋纵隔隐窝C.左侧肋膈隐窝D.右侧肋膈隐窝E.膈纵隔隐窝 44. 经锁骨上臂丛麻醉或针刺时，若紧贴锁骨上缘进针，除了可能损伤肺尖外，还可能损伤下列哪个结构A.肋胸膜B.纵隔胸膜C.膈胸膜D.胸膜顶E.肺韧带45. 某男性患者，25岁，最近经常有眼泪从右眼溢出。医生怀疑该患者的右侧鼻泪管阻塞。鼻泪管开口于鼻腔的哪个部

11、位 A.上鼻道B.中鼻道C.下鼻道D.半月裂孔E.蝶筛隐窝46. 某男性患者，56岁，右上颌第1磨牙在拔除时发生牙根折断，断根进人一个鼻旁窦中。此鼻旁窦应是下列哪一个A.额窦B.前筛窦C.中筛窦D.蝶窦E.上颌窦47. 急性喉阻塞时，为抢救病人生命，可在下列哪一部位进行穿刺建立暂时的通气道A.声韧带B.环甲正中韧带C.前庭韧带D.甲状舌骨正中韧带E.甲状舌骨外侧韧带48. 在甲状腺切除术中，结扎甲状腺上动脉时应紧贴腺的上极，以免伤及喉上神经外支。喉上神经外支支配下列哪块喉肌A.环甲肌B.环杓后肌C.环杓侧肌D.甲杓肌E.杓斜肌49. 某男性患者，48岁，经检查发现有大量心包积液，性质不明，需进

12、行心包穿刺，在下列哪一部位穿刺最为安全A.左剑肋角 B.右剑肋角C.右第5肋间D.左第2肋间E.右第6肋间 50. 某男性患者，59岁，因患有肺癌行右侧全肺切除术，术中切断结扎了下列结构，其中哪一结构并不通过肺门A.奇静脉B.右主支气管C.右肺动脉D.右肺上静脉E.右肺下静脉51. 某女性患者，62岁，右肺肺癌已是晚期，不能采用手术治疗。医生决定经右肺的营养性血管灌注化疗药物，最可能采用下列哪一血管A.右支气管静脉B.右支气管动脉C.右肺动脉D.左肺上静脉E.右肺下静脉52. 主动脉弓动脉瘤可压迫邻近的纵隔器官，这些器官多位于哪个解剖学纵隔分区 A.上纵隔B.下纵隔 C.前纵隔D.中纵隔E.后

13、纵隔53. Which muscle group combination permits inspiration?A.diaphragm muscle, abdominal complexB.intercostales interni muscle, diaphragm muscleC.intercostales externi muscle, intercostales interni muscleD.intercostales externi muscle, diaphragm muscleE.transversus thoracis muscle, diaphragm muscle54.

14、 Several surface landmarks on the thoracic wall correspond to the pleural borders. Relationships between these landmarks and the pleura on the left side include .A.posteroinferior extension of the left costodiaphragmatic recess above the twelfth ribB.lateral divergence of the left costomediastinal r

15、ecess at the level of the fourth to the sixth rib to form the cardiac notchC.superior extension of the apex of the pleura below the level of the left clavicleD.anteroinferior extension of the left pleural cavity below the costal margin in the region of the xiphoid processE.later inferior extension o

16、f the left costodiaphragmatic recess in the seventh rib55. Paired air spaces in certain bones of the skull are called paranasal sinuses. Which of following answer is not belong to paranasal sinuse?A.maxillary sinusB.ethmoidal sinusC.frontal sinusD.cavernous sinusE.sphenoidal sinus56. Which of follow

17、ing cartilage compose of the framework of the larynx?A.thyroid cartilageB.cricoid cartilageC.epiglottic cartilageD.arytenoid cartilageE.all of above57. Which of the paranasal sinuses listed below does not drain by gravity with the body in the erect position?A.frontal sinusB.sphenoidal sinusC.ethmoid

18、al sinusD.maxillary sinusE.B and C58. The right lung is different from the left lung in being .A.subdivided into ten bronchopulmonary segmentsB.generally longer and narrowerC.divided by the oblique fissureD.composed of three lobesE.none of above59. Structures located in the posterior mediastinum do

19、not include the .A.thoracic ductB.esophagusC.hemiazygous veinD.phrenic nervesE.thoracic aorta60. Which of the description about the lung listed follow is not correct?A.Each lung extends from the diaphragm to a point just above the clavicle.B.Each lungs surfaces are bordered by the ribs to the front

20、and back.C.Each lung has four surfaces that match the contour of the thoracic cavity.D.The left lung is somewhat smaller than the right and has a cardiac impression on its medial surface to accommodate the heart.E.The right lung is subdivided into a superior lobe and an inferior lobe by a single fis

21、sure61. Which of the following is a false statement?A.The term respiration can be used in reference to ventilation (breathing) or oxygen utilization by body cells.B.The incoming (inhaled) air that contacts the pulmonary alveoli is unchanged from that which surrounds the body.C.As a resonating chambe

22、r, the nasal cavity is important in sound production.D.It is only through the wails of the pulmonary alveoli that gaseous exchange occurs.E.none of above62. Which is not a component of the nasal septum?A.the palatine boneB.nasal septal cartilageC.the ethmoid boneD.the vomer E.mucous membrane63. Whic

23、h of the following is not characteristic of the left lung?A.a superior lobeB.an inferior lobeC.a cardiac impressionD.a single fissureE.a middle lobe64. The epithelial lining of the wall of the thoracic cavity is called the .A.costal pleuraB.mediastinal pleuraC.pleural peritoneumD.parietal pleuraE.vi

24、sceral pleura65. The vocal folds (cords) are attached to the .A.cricoid and thyroid cartilagesB.cuneiform and cricoid cartilagesC.arytenoid and thyroid cartilagesD.corniculate and thyroid cartilagesE.cricoid and the corniculate66. Which of the description about the pharynx is not correct?A.The phary

25、nx is a funnel-shaped organ. It contains a passageway that connects the oral and nasal cavities with the esophagus and larynx.B.The pharynx is divided on the basis of location and function into three regions.C.The oropharynx is the middle portion, extending from the soft palate to the level of the h

26、yoid bone, contains the palatine and lingual tonsil.D.The nasopharynx, connected by the auditory tubes to the tympanic cavities, contains the lingual tonsils.E.The laryngopharynx extends from the hyoid bone to the larynx and esophagus.67. The trachea, right principal bronchus, left principal bronchu

27、s, lobar bronchi, segmental bronchi and associated structures compose of theA.bronchial treeB.respiratory divisionC.upper respiratory systemD.lower respiratory systemE.none of above68. What structures support the very tip of the nose?A.inferior nasal conchaB.lateral cartilagesC.lesser alar cartilage

28、sD.greater alar cartilages E.supreme nasal concha69. The lower end of the larynx is formed by the .A.cricoid cartilageB.thyroid cartilageC.cuneiform cartilageD.arytenoids cartilageE.the first tracheal cartilage70. Cartilage gives way to smooth muscle fiber at .A.respiratory bronchiolesB.segmental br

29、onchiC.lobar bronchiD.alveolar ductsE.principal bronchus71. What is the force that causes air to flow into the lungs during inspiration and out if the lungs during expiration?A.intercostales externi muscle contractionB.intercostales interni muscle contractionC.surface tensionD.diaphragm movementsE.a

30、tmospheric pressure72. The groove inferior to a nasal concha is known as a .A.papillaB.meatusC.canalD.sutureE.Eustachian groove73. Which of the following is true?A.The laryngeal prominence is part of the cricoid cartilage.B.The laryngeal prominence is larger in females than in males.C.The cricoid ca

31、rtilage is inferior to the thyroid cartilage.D.The thyroid cartilage is the smallest of the laryngeal cartilages.E.There are pairs of the epiglottic cartilage.74. The nose serves all the following functions except:A.providing resonance for voice productionB.passageway for air movementC.warming and h

32、umidifying inspired airD.cleansing inhaled airE.absorbing oxygen75. The description about the paranasal sinuses below which is wrong?A.There are 4 pairs of paranasal sinuses. B.Maxillary sinus communicates via drainage ducts within the oral cavity.C.Paranasal sinuses may help warm and moisture the i

33、nspired air.D.Paranasal sinuses are responsible for some sound resonance.E.Paranasal sinuses function to decrease the weight of the skull while providing structural strength.76. Which structure listed below close the glottis during swallowing to prevent the foreign bodies coming in the trachea?A.hyo

34、id boneB.epiglottisC.thyroid cartilageD.cricoid cartilageE.arytenoid cartilage77. Which is not correct in the following description?A.Pleurae are serous membranes surrounding the lungs and lining the thoracic cavity.B.The visceral pleura adhere to the outer surface of the lung and extend into each o

35、f the interlobar fissures.C.The parietal pleura line the thoracic walls and the thoracic surface of the diaphragm.D.Between the visceral and parietal pleurae is the slitlike pleural cavity.E.The pleural cavity between the two moistened membranes contains large amount of fluid to lubricate each other

36、.78. Normal rate of respiration in an adult human being is times per minute.A.10-12B.12-14C.16-18D.22-24E.26-2879. Which structure listed below doesnt appear in the laryngeal cavity?A.aperture of larynxB.vestibular foldC.cricothyroid muscleD.ventricle of larynxE.vocal cord80. Which structure is incl

37、uded in the hilum (root of lung)?A.pulmonary arteryB.pulmonary veinC.principal bronchusD.associated nerveE.all of above81. Which is not correctly described below?A.The alveolar ducts open into pulmonary alveoli as outpouching along their length.B.Alveolar sacs are clusters of pulmonary alveoli.C.The

38、 alveolar ducts, pulmonary alveoli, and alveolar sacs make up the respiratory division of the lungs.D.Gas exchange occurs across the walls of the alveolar ducts and the tiny pulmonary alveoli.E.Pulmonary alveoli are polyhedral in shape and are usually clustered together.82. Which is not correct abou

39、t the mediastinum described below?A.The mediastinum lies between the right and left pleura in and near the median sagittal plane of the chest.B.It extends from the sternum in front to the vertebral column behind, and contains all the thoracic viscera excepting the lungs.C.May be divided for purpose

40、of description into four parts.D.The superior mediastinum is that portion of the interpleural space which lies between the manubrium sternum in front, and thel-4 thoracic vertebrae behind.E.The heart located in the anterior mediastinum.83. In case of chest trauma, an examining physician checks for i

41、ncreasing venous pressure, falling arterial pressure, and increasing heart rate with diminishing heart sounds. These signs are indicative of heart failure due to tamponade and necessitate immediaA.adjacent to the xiphoid process angling upward and to the leftB.adjacent to the sternum in the right fo

42、urth intercostal spaceC.adjacent to the sternum in the left second intercostal spaceD.in the right fourth intercostal space immediately below the nippleE.in the left fourth intercostal space immediately below the nipple84. Foreign bodies that are aspirated tend to be located in the right inferior lo

43、bar bronchus because the .A.right main stem or principal bronchus is of greater diameter than the leftB.left principal bronchus is more horizontal than the rightC.right inferior lobar bronchus nearly continues the direction of the tracheaD.right lung has no middle lobeE.all of above except D85. Pulm

44、onary disease can sometimes be localized to a bronchopulmonary segment, in which event surgical resection may be feasible. Which of the following is not characteristic of a bronchopulmonary segment that assists in its surgical definition? A.an apex directed toward the hilum of the lungB.a central se

45、gment arteryC.a central tertiary or segmental bronchusD.a central veinE.separated from each other by connective tissue septa86. Which of the structure listed below is the marker of bifurcation of trachea during tracheoscope examination?A.tracheal cartilagesB.vestibular foldC.carina of tracheaD.vocal

46、 foldE.hilum of lung87. When a patient has pleural effusion, usually the fluid aggregate in which part of the pleural cavity in the erect position?A.phrenicomediastinal recessB.costomediastinal recessC.costodiaphragmatic recessD.retrocecal recessE.intersigmoid recess88. In clinical patient with loba

47、r pneumonia, the inflammation usually localizes in .A.all the left or right lungB.pulmonary lobesC.bronchopulmonary segmentD.pulmonary lobuleE.pulmonary alveoli4.21. 嗅细胞的形态特征，正确的是A.呈细长柱状B.游离面有一根细长的嗅毛C.基部与嗅神经末梢形成突触连接D.胞质内有许多黄色色素颗粒E.嗅毛内有感受不同化学物质刺激的受体2. 气管的上皮是A.单层柱状上皮B.单层纤毛柱状上皮C.复层柱状上皮D.复层扁平上皮E.假复层纤毛柱状

48、上皮3. 气管和支气管内具有增殖分化能力的细胞是A.纤毛细胞B.柱状细胞C.基细胞D.刷细胞E.小颗粒细胞4. 关于上呼吸道管壁的结构特征，以下哪一项是错误的A.上皮为假复层纤毛柱状上皮，有杯状细胞B.黏膜层富有淋巴组织C.管壁有软骨支撑D.管壁分四层E.黏膜下层含有混合腺5. 气管壁的假复层纤毛柱状上皮除纤毛细胞和杯状细胞外，还有A.克拉拉细胞、刷细胞、小颗粒细胞 B.刷细胞、基细胞、小颗粒细胞 C.支持细胞、基细胞、小颗粒细胞 D.支持细胞、基细胞 、弥散神经内分泌细胞 E.立方细胞、基细胞 、弥散神经内分泌细胞 6. 下列哪项与它的各级分支及肺泡构成肺小叶A.叶支气管B.小支气管C.细支

49、气管D.终末细支气管E.呼吸性细支气管7. 肺内具有气体交换功能的部分有A.细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡B.呼吸性细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡C.细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡孔D.终末细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡E.呼吸性细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡隔8. 吸气后，促使肺泡回缩的主要因素是 A.肺泡隔的胶原纤维B.肺泡隔的弹性纤维 C.肺泡隔的平滑肌纤维D.肺泡的表面活性物质E.肺泡开口处的平滑肌纤维9. 型肺泡细胞的主要结构特点是A.表面微绒毛多B.分泌颗粒内含嗜锇性板层小体C.线粒体相当丰富D.粗面内质网发达E.溶酶体多10. 呼吸性细支气管结构的最大特点是A.单层立方上皮B.上

50、皮由纤毛细胞和分泌细胞组成C.上皮下的结缔组织内有平滑肌D.管壁有肺泡的开口出现E.腺体和软骨消失11. 产生肺泡表面活性物质的细胞是A.型肺泡细胞B.型肺泡细胞C.肺泡隔细胞D.尘细胞E.以上都不是12. 肺内最后具有平滑肌的一段管道为A.细支气管B.呼吸性细支气管C.肺泡管D.肺泡囊E.终末细支气管13. 管壁呈结节状膨大的管道是A.终末细支气管B.呼吸性细支气管C.肺泡管D.肺泡囊E.肺泡 14. 终末细支气管的特征，哪项错误A.上皮内无杯状细胞B.管壁有完整的平滑肌层C.上皮为单层纤毛柱状D.管壁无腺体和软骨E.管壁有肺泡开口，可进行气体交换15. 克拉拉细胞能分泌A.组胺B.缓激肽C

51、.表面活性物质D.蛋白水解酶E.黏蛋白16. 下列哪些支气管管壁的平滑肌呈明显环形A.叶支气管和段支气管 B.段支气管和小支气管 C.小支气管和细支气管D.细支气管和终末细支气管 E.呼吸性细支气管17. 关于型肺泡细胞的结构，下列哪项是错误的A.细胞宽大而扁平 B.细胞器丰富C.吞饮小泡甚多D.细胞表面较光滑E.型细胞较型细胞少18. 肺表面活性物质的主要性质和作用A.是磷脂，降低肺泡表面张力B.是磷脂，提高肺泡表面张力C.是糖蛋白，提高肺泡表面张力D.是糖蛋白，降低肺泡表面张力E.是磷脂，保护肺泡19. 肺表面覆以浆膜，其构成是A.内皮B.间皮C.间质和脂肪组织D.内皮和结缔组织E.间皮和

52、结缔组织20. 下列关于肺血管的叙述，哪一项是错误的A.有功能性和营养性血管之分B.肺动脉在肺内分支与支气管树伴行C.支气管动脉为肺组织提供营养D.肺泡壁毛细血管为有孔型E.肺静脉管腔较支气管静脉大21. 呼吸系统的上皮来源，下列哪种说法正确 A.均来源于内胚层B.均来源于外胚层C.大部分器官的上皮来源于外胚层，个别器官的上皮来源于内胚层D.大部分器官的上皮来源于内胚层，个别器官的上皮来源于外胚层E.一半来源于内胚层，一半来源于外胚层22. 有关喉气管憩室的发生及演变，下列哪一项不正确 A.喉气管憩室是由喉气管沟变深形成的B.喉气管憩室是从咽顶壁发生的C.喉气管憩室位于食管的腹侧D.喉气管憩室

53、开口于咽E.喉气管憩室头端发育为喉，中段发育为气管，末端形成左、右肺芽4.31. 每分通气量和每分肺泡通气量之差等于A.潮气量呼吸频率B.功能余气量呼吸频率C.余气量呼吸频率D.无效腔气量呼吸频率E.肺活量呼吸频率2. 参与平静吸气的肌肉主要是A.膈肌、肋间外肌B.膈肌、腹壁肌C.膈肌、肋间内肌D.膈肌E.肋间外肌3. 在下列哪一时相中，肺内压等于大气压A.呼气全程B.吸气末期和呼气末期C.呼气末期和吸气中期D.吸气全程E.呼吸全程4. 呼吸频率加倍，潮气量减半时，将使A.每分通气量增加B.肺泡通气量增加C.肺泡通气量不变D.每分通气量减少E.肺泡通气量减少5. 下列关于CO中毒的描述，错误的

54、是A.Hb与CO的亲合力比O2大250倍B.Hb与CO结合生成HbCOC.CO中毒后病人出现严重缺氧，表现发绀D.CO与Hb结合后,可阻止HbO2的解离E.CO与Hb结合，使Hb失去携带O2的能力 6. 吸气时发生的变化是A.胸膜腔内压绝对值上升，呼吸道管径不变B.胸膜腔内压绝对值上升，呼吸道管径变小C.胸膜腔内压绝对值下降，呼吸道管径扩大D.胸膜腔内压绝对值上升，呼吸道管径扩大E.胸膜腔内压绝对值下降，呼吸道管径变小7. 呼吸节律形成机制最有可能的是A.大脑皮层有意识的控制B.下丘脑神经网络的调控C.脑桥的自发节律性活动D.延髓吸气切断机制E.脊髓的反馈调节8. 胸膜腔内压等于A.大气压-非弹性阻力B.大气压-弹性阻力 C.大气压-肺泡表面张力D.大气压-肺回缩力 E.大气压-肺弹性纤维回位力9. 一个Hb分子可结合的氧分子是A.A8个B.B6个C.C4个D.D2个E.E1个10. 肺的顺应性越大，表示A.肺的弹性阻力和肺的扩张度均小B.肺的弹性阻力和肺的扩张度无变化C.肺的弹性阻力大，肺的扩张度小D.肺的弹性阻力和肺的扩张度均大E.肺的弹性阻力小，肺的扩张