茂名学院专插本综英第一部分Vocabulary and Structure

1、专升本综合英语考前辅导培训 培训教师：李太志 辅导时间：1月22日下午2:30-5:30； 1月23日上午8:00-11:00； 1月23日下午2:30-5:30； 1月24日上午8:00-11:00 ； 1月24日下午2:30-5:30 考试题型说明 (1) 英语释义 (12分) (2)英汉互译(20分) (3)选择题(20分) (4)阅读理解(共30分) (5)英语写作 (18分) Vocabulary and Structure 选择题(20分)： 在给出的单词或词组中选同义词或词组， 根据课文选择写作技能或修辞手法，语法 考察等，每题1分，共20分。 . Illustration of

2、 How to Test Vocabulary and Structure 1. The tour descriptions are quite detailed and include comprehensive day-to-day _ . a.itineraries b.plans cedure d.guidebook 2. By comparing fingerprints at the scene of a crime with the fingerprint record of suspected persons, officials could establish ab

3、solute proof of the _ of a person. a. name b.height c. identity d. personality Vocabulary and Structure 3. Governments use opinion polls to learn what people think about many social _. a. issues b. subjects c. questions d. diseases 4. _ between human beings is principally by direct, close contact. a

4、. Infection b. Desease c.Conflict d. Injury Vocabulary and Structure 3. Governments use opinion polls to learn what people think about many social _. a. issues b. subjects c. questions d. diseases 4. _ between human beings is principally by direct, close contact. a. Infection b. Desease c.Conflict d

5、. Injury Vocabulary and Structure 5. This is one of the most famous novels that _ been published since the war. a. has b. had c. have d. would have 6. _, we decided to leave at once so that we could catch the train. a. Since it being pretty late b. It being pretty late c. Being pretty late d. It was

6、 pretty late 7. The news that she didnt pass the GRE test discouraged her, _? a. did it b. didnt it c. did she d. didnt she Vocabulary and Structure 8. Which of the following italicized parts is an adverbial clause (状语从句)？ a. It is unwise to give children whatever they want. b. I will stand by you w

7、hatever happens. c. Goats eat whatever food they can find. d. Whatever he did had nothing to do with me. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 1: 1. slanderous 诋毁性的诋毁性的;诽谤性的诽谤性的;中伤的中伤的 A spoken statement that is slanderous is untrue and intended to damage the reputation of the person t

8、hat it refers to. 2.visualize 动词动词 使形象化使形象化;想象想象;设想设想 If you visualize something, you imagine what it is like by forming a mental picture of it. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 1: 3.donate 捐赠捐赠;赠送赠送 If you donate something to a charity or other organization, you give it to them.

9、4.disheartening 令人灰心的令人灰心的;令人气馁的令人气馁的 If something is disheartening, it makes you feel disappointed and less confident or less hopeful. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 1: 5.luxurious 豪华的；奢侈的豪华的；奢侈的 If you describe something as luxurious, you mean that it is very comfortable and e

10、xpensive. 6.addict 使上瘾； 使自己沾染（某些恶习） to cause (someone or oneself) to become dependent (on something, especially a narcotic drug) .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 1: 7. novel 新奇的新奇的;新颖的新颖的 Novel things are new and different from anything that has been done, experienced, or made bef

11、ore. 8. promote 促进；增进；提倡促进；增进；提倡 If people promote something, they help or encourage it to happen, increase, or spread. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 1: 9. promising 大有希望的；很有前途的；前景很好的大有希望的；很有前途的；前景很好的 Someone or something that is promising seems likely to be very good or succes

12、sful. 10. participate 参与；参加参与；参加 If you participate in an activity, you take part in it. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 4: 1.tormenting 使痛苦的，使苦恼的 If something torments you, it causes you extreme mental suffering. 2.disturbance 骚乱骚乱;变乱变乱;动乱动乱 A disturbance is an incident in which

13、 people behave violently in public. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 4: 3. irritated: angry Irritate: 激怒激怒;使恼怒使恼怒;使烦躁使烦躁 If something irritates you, it keeps annoying you. 4.intolerable 不能忍受的不能忍受的;无法容忍的无法容忍的 If you describe something as intolerable, you mean that it is so bad or e

14、xtreme that no one can bear it or tolerate it. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 4: 5. survival 幸存幸存;存活存活 If you refer to the survival of a person or living thing, you mean that they live through a dangerous situation in which it was possible that they might die. 6.discharge 动词动词 排

15、出排出;使流出使流出;放出放出 If something is discharged from inside a place, it comes out. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 4: 7. lessen （使）缩小；（使）减少；（使）减轻（使）缩小；（使）减少；（使）减轻 If something lessens or you lessen it, it becomes smaller in size, amount, degree, or importance. 8. steadily:稳定地； 坚定地； 稳固

16、地 steady:稳步的稳步的;持续不断的持续不断的 A steady situation continues or develops gradually without any interruptions and is not likely to change quickly. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 4: 9. enforce 强行实施，强制执行（法律、规定等）强行实施，强制执行（法律、规定等） If people in authority enforce a law or a rule, they make

17、sure that it is obeyed, usually by punishing people who do not obey it. 10. scatter 动词动词 撒撒;撒播撒播;撒于撒于上上 If you scatter things over an area, you throw or drop them so that they spread all over the area. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 1. priority 优先考虑；给优先考虑；给优先权优先权 If you give

18、priority to something or someone, you treat them as more important than anything or anyone else. 2. recreation 休闲；娱乐休闲；娱乐 Recreation consists of things that you do in your spare time to relax. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 3. influence 影响影响;对对起作用起作用 If someone or something i

19、nfluences a person or situation, they have an effect on that persons behaviour or that situation. 4. romantic 浪漫的，富于浪漫气息的，有情调的浪漫的，富于浪漫气息的，有情调的 Someone who is romantic or does romantic things says and does things that make their wife, husband, girlfriend, or boyfriend feel special and loved. .Review

20、of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 5. graze （动物）吃青草；放牛；放羊；放牧（动物）吃青草；放牛；放羊；放牧 When animals graze or are grazed, they eat the grass or other plants that are growing in a particular place. You can also say that a field is grazed by animals. graze on:吃； (牛羊等）吃 E.g. Families graze on microwav

21、ed ready- meals. 家家户户都在吃微波热化的现成食品。 .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 6. devastate 毁坏毁坏;破坏破坏;摧毁摧毁;蹂躏蹂躏 If something devastates an area or a place, it damages it very badly or destroys it totally. 7.nuisance 讨厌的人讨厌的人;麻烦的事情麻烦的事情 If you say that someone or something is a nuisance, y

22、ou mean that they annoy you or cause you a lot of problems. nuisance pest:讨厌的害虫 .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 8. vague （文字或言语）含糊的，不明确的，不清楚的（文字或言语）含糊的，不明确的，不清楚的 If something written or spoken is vague, it does not explain or express things clearly. 9. deposit 订金订金;保证金保证金 A de

23、posit is a sum of money which is part of the full price of something, and which you pay when you agree to buy it. advance payment:预付款； 预先付款 .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 5: 10. wilderness 荒野荒野;荒漠荒漠;原野原野 A wilderness is a desert or other area of natural land which is not used by

24、 people. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 6: 1. go on a trip to journey, tour, travel, trip, voyage, excursion, expedition, cruise:这些名词均含“旅行旅行”之意。 journey： 最普通用词，侧重指时间较长、距离较远的单程陆上旅时间较长、距离较远的单程陆上旅 行，也指水上或空中的旅行行，也指水上或空中的旅行。 tour： 指最后返回出发地，旅途中有停留游览点旅途中有停留游览点，距离可长可短， 目的各异的周游或巡行。 trave

25、l： 泛指旅行的行为而不指某次具体的旅行旅行的行为而不指某次具体的旅行，多指到远方作长 期旅行，不强调直接目的地，单、复数均可用。 trip： 普通用词，口语多用，常指为公务或游玩作的较短暂的旅行为公务或游玩作的较短暂的旅行。 voyage： 指在水上旅行，尤指海上旅行，也可指空中旅行。 excursion： 较正式用词，常指不超过一天的短时期娱乐性游玩， 也可指乘火车或轮船往返特定景点的远足旅游。 expedition： 指有特定目的远征或探险。 cruise： 主要指乘船的游览并在多处停靠。 .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Un

26、it 6: 2. authority 权威人士，专家权威人士，专家 Someone who is an authority on a particular subject knows a lot about it. 有权威之著作a book whose information is good, dependable 3. wipe out 短语动词短语动词 摧毁摧毁;使灭绝使灭绝 To wipe out something such as a place or a group of people or animals means to destroy them completely. .Rev

27、iew of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 6: 4. diet coke: 无糖可乐;减肥可乐 5. essential 绝对必要的绝对必要的;必不可少的必不可少的;基本的基本的 Something that is essential is extremely important or absolutely necessary to a particular subject, situation, or activity. 6. link 使联系在一起；使相关联使联系在一起；使相关联 If someone or something link

28、s two things or situations, there is a relationship between them, for example because one thing causes or affects the other. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 6: 7. designate elect 选举选举;推选推选 When people elect someone, they choose that person to represent them, by voting for them. 8

29、.adequate 足够的；合格的；可用的足够的；合格的；可用的 If something is adequate, there is enough of it or it is good enough to be used or accepted. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 6: 9. restrict 限制，限定（大小、规模等）限制，限定（大小、规模等） If you restrict something, you put a limit on it in order to reduce it or preven

30、t it becoming too great. 10. nutrient 营养物质营养物质;养分养分;滋养物滋养物 Nutrients are substances that help plants and animals to grow. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 9: 1. automatic 自动的自动的;自动化的自动化的 An automatic machine or device is one which has controls that enable it to perform a task with

31、out needing to be constantly operated by a person. Automatic methods and processes involve the use of such machines. 2. adjust:调整 Allow for:考虑到；将考虑到；将计算在内；为计算在内；为酌留余地酌留余地 3. regulate:调整，控制调整，控制 To regulate an activity or process means to control it, especially by means of rules. .Review of Vocabular

32、y and Structure in Book 2. Unit 9: 4. circuit 电路电路;(电流的电流的)回路回路 An electrical circuit is a complete route which an electric current can flow around. 5. residual:残余的；残留的 Hazard:危险危险;危害危害 A hazard is something which could be dangerous to you, your health or safety, or your plans or reputation. .Review

33、 of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 9: 6. imaginable 可想象的可想象的,想得到的想得到的 You use imaginable after a superlative such as best or worst to emphasize that something is extreme in some way. 7. tedious 枯燥的枯燥的;乏味的乏味的;令人生厌的令人生厌的 If you describe something such as a job, task, or situation as tedious,

34、 you mean it is boring and rather frustrating. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 9: 8. precision 精确；精密精确；精密 If you do something with precision, you do it exactly as it should be done. 9. manipulate 操作操作; 使用使用 If you manipulate something that requires skill, such as a complicated pi

35、ece of equipment or a difficult idea, you operate it or process it. 10. take advantage of 利用: .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 10: 1. linguistic variation （同一事物略微的）变化形式（同一事物略微的）变化形式 A variation on something is the same thing presented in a slightly different form. 2.strengthen 增强，

36、加强增强，加强(实力实力) If something strengthens a person or group or if they strengthen their position, they become more powerful and secure, or more likely to succeed. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 10: 3. pertain to: 属于； 关于 4. variation （同一事物略微的）变化形式（同一事物略微的）变化形式 A variation on somethi

37、ng is the same thing presented in a slightly different form. 5. comprise 包括包括;由由组成组成 If you say that something comprises or is comprised of a number of things or people, you mean it has them as its parts or members. .Review of Vocabulary and Structure in Book 2. Unit 10: 6. endeavour 努力努力;尽力尽力 If you endeavour to do something, you try very hard to do it. 7. undesirable 不受欢迎的；不良的；有害的不受欢迎的；不良的；有害的 If you describe something or someone as undesirable, you