unit1 高职高专大学英语2 unit1

1、 Unit One Good Manners . New words and useful expressions. Background Information .Detailed study of the text. Further Understanding. New WordsCustom 习惯习惯 风俗风俗vcustoms 海关海关 vThe article is about how the customs works. 这篇文章介绍了海关是如何运作的。这篇文章介绍了海关是如何运作的。 customs duties 关税关税 进口税进口税Derivativesvcustomaryad

2、j. 习惯的，惯例的习惯的，惯例的vcustomern. 顾客，主顾顾客，主顾vcustomize v. 定做定做liberationDerivativesvliberate 解放；释放解放；释放vliberator 解放者解放者liberate sb. from sth. / sb. 1.These products help to liberate workers from dirty, dangerous and hard work.这些产品使工人不必再从事肮脏、危险和艰苦的工作。这些产品使工人不必再从事肮脏、危险和艰苦的工作。2.The black slaves were libera

3、ted from the southern plantation owners.黑奴从南方庄园主手中被解放出来。黑奴从南方庄园主手中被解放出来。Useful ExpressionThe Chinese Peoples Liberation Army (the PLA) 中国人民解放军中国人民解放军old-fashionedSynonyms: outdated unfashionableAntonyms: modern, fashionable e.g. (1) old-fashioned ideas、 clothes 守旧思想 老式的衣服 Phrase: (1) out of fashion

4、过时 (2) in fashion 时尚的，流行的 e.g. Is it the fashion to wear short skirts? Yes, short skirts are in fashion. courtesycourtesy adj. 礼节性的；免费的礼节性的；免费的courtesy tickets for the reporters pay a courtesy visit to the new neighbors Derivativescourteous adj. 有礼貌的，谦恭的有礼貌的，谦恭的discourtesy n. 无礼无礼discourteous adj. 没

5、有礼貌的没有礼貌的, 不谦恭的不谦恭的 historically1. historic 有历史意义的，在历史上出名的 a historic meeting 2. historical 历史上的，有关历史的 historical lessons a historical novel historical discoveries concernvas /so far as concerned 就什么而言vbe concerned about关心vEveryone was concerned about your healthvbe concerned with关于sensevHave you lo

6、st your senses?v你失去理智了吗？你失去理智了吗？vsenses n. (pl.) 理智；思维能力理智；思维能力 Derivativesvsenseless 无意义的；愚蠢的；无意识的无意义的；愚蠢的；无意识的vsensible 有感觉的，明智的，有判断力的有感觉的，明智的，有判断力的vsensitive 敏感的，灵敏的，感光的敏感的，灵敏的，感光的vnonsense. 胡扯，胡来胡扯，胡来vUseful Expressions vcome to ones senses 恢复理性，苏醒恢复理性，苏醒vmake sense 有意义，有意义， 合理合理vmake sense of 了

7、解了解, 懂得懂得vcommon sense 常识常识vin allevery senses 在各方面在各方面vin no sense 决不是决不是vsixth sense 直觉，第六感直觉，第六感tasteDerivativestasteful 有鉴赏力的；有鉴赏力的； 好吃的好吃的tasteless 没味道的；无鉴赏力的没味道的；无鉴赏力的tasty 好吃的好吃的Collocationtaste作动词与作动词与of 连用时，表示有特殊的味道连用时，表示有特殊的味道This soup tastes of chicken. 这汤有鸡的味道这汤有鸡的味道Useful Expressionsin

8、good / bad taste 雅致、俗气雅致、俗气to ones taste 合合口味口味, 合合的意的意Insist insist upon / on / that 坚持，坚决要求坚持，坚决要求vHe insisted on giving me a second chance.vWe all insist that we should not have a rest until we finish the task.Derivativesvinsistence 坚持坚持, 坚决主张坚决主张vinsistent 坚持不懈的坚持不懈的 vinsistently 坚持地坚持地, 强求地强求地t

9、oughadj.结实的；艰苦的结实的；艰苦的, 吃苦耐劳的；凶恶的吃苦耐劳的；凶恶的a tough net for fishing 一张结实的渔网一张结实的渔网a tough winter 寒冬寒冬a tough street group 凶狠的街匪凶狠的街匪Derivativestoughen 使）变坚韧，（使）变顽固使）变坚韧，（使）变顽固toughly 坚强地，能吃苦耐劳地，固坚强地，能吃苦耐劳地，固tough-minded 坚强的，实际的坚强的，实际的toughness 韧性，坚韧韧性，坚韧 a tough nut (to crack) 难对付的人或事难对付的人或事What are t

10、he safe topics?Where are you going?What is your hobby?Why dont you get married?How old are you?How much do you earn a month?Have you had dinner yet?Do you have any plan for your vacation?A fine day, isnt it?How did you get on with your study?Do you like Mr. incredible?Eg.1: How old are you?Am I so o

11、ld! Generally speaking, it is impolite to ask a person his or her age. This is particularly true of woman when she is over thirty. eg.2: How much do you earn?Hijack?(rob) Salary is regarded as extremely personal and private in the west.Even within families, people do not often know the exact salary

12、of other family members. This do not mean the family is not close.Eg.3: Are you married?You want to marry me?Eg.4: How much did you pay for your skirt?I am Nicole! It is not normally acceptable to ask someone directly how much they paid for something. Taboos in greetings vage vIncome/ moneyvMarriage

13、 statusvprice of personal possessionsvdetails of unpleasant illnessesvdeath of beloved onesvThe safe topics are: sports, plan, movies, weather, music, match, books, recent experience etc.What are the safe topics?Where are you going?Why dont you get married?How old are you?How much do you earn a mont

14、h?Have you had dinner yet?Do you have any plan for your vacation?A fine day, isnt it?How did you get on with your study?Do you like Mr. incredible?Part Division of the TextPart 1 (Paragraph 1):As a result of womens liberation, men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies.Part 2 (Para

15、graphs 2-3):The changes in manners between men and women according to an article.Part 3 (Paragraphs 4-11): “My custom” - I refuse to trouble women with outdated courtesies and show my thoughtfulness for them in my own way.Further Understandingwhich one do you prefer to be (your boyfriend), the old-f

16、ashioned gentleman or the “gentleman” as the writer?Maybe no, because she said “you did it again” when the hostess had gone. It seems that it takes time for women to get used to “my custom”. 2.Does the writer agree with old-fashioned courtesies? What is his custom ?1.what are the old-fashioned court

17、esies according to the text?Is “my wife” happy with “my custom”? Why?depend on / uponv同同 rely，count onv反反 be independent fromDerivativesdependable 可靠的可靠的dependably 可信任地可信任地dependence 依靠，信任依靠，信任independence 独立独立independent 独立的独立的 It (all) depends. 那得看情况。那得看情况。come up同同 arise, occur, happen, emerge, t

18、urn up vcome across 不期而遇不期而遇vcome into being形成，产生形成，产生vcome on开始，出台，上演；赶快开始，出台，上演；赶快vcome out 出来，露出，真相大白出来，露出，真相大白vcome through 经历，脱险，成功经历，脱险，成功vcome to life 苏醒，变得活跃苏醒，变得活跃,逼真逼真vcome true 实现，达到实现，达到vcome up to 达到，比得上达到，比得上vcome up with 赶上；提出赶上；提出After-class questions4. which one do you prefer to be

19、(your boyfriend), the old-fashioned gentleman or the “gentleman” as the writer?Directions:The following two thank-you notes contain 10 errors and/or mistakes. Please identify and correct each of them and give your explanations.Hi! Irene,v Very thank you for the scarf. Though green is not really my f

20、avorite color, I still like it so much. It is such soft that I feel like you have sent me a hundred hugs. When the weather get colder, I will definitely have you in my thoughts. Thanks for your kindness. Yours, Joe LiHi! Irene, Very thank you for the scarf. Though green is not really my favorite col

21、or, I still like it so much. It is such soft that I feel like you have sent me a hundred hugs. When the weather get colder, I will definitely have you in my thoughts. Thanks for your kindness. Yours, Joe Li1.英语书信中，称呼收信人习惯用英语书信中，称呼收信人习惯用“Dear”开头。开头。2. “非常感谢非常感谢”应为应为“Thank you very much.”文中的错误是典型的中式英语

22、文中的错误是典型的中式英语的表达的表达3.即使你不喜欢对方送的礼物，也不要在感谢信中表示出来，因为感谢信即使你不喜欢对方送的礼物，也不要在感谢信中表示出来，因为感谢信是用来表示对对方送礼物这一行为的感谢。所以这句话应该删除。是用来表示对对方送礼物这一行为的感谢。所以这句话应该删除。v4.这里应把这里应把“such”改为改为“so”。在表示。在表示“如此如此以至于以至于”的含义时，的含义时，注意注意“such”和和“so”用法上的区别：用法上的区别：so+adj.+that 从句，而从句，而 such+adj.+n.+that从句。从句。v5应把应把“get”改为改为“gets”。当主句是将来时

23、，时间状语从句和条件状。当主句是将来时，时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。Dear Mrs. Johnson, I wanted to thank you having me as one of your guest. Youre a very good example of what American hospitality is all about. I have to admit that I am not quite used to the food at the party, but your home is so lovel

24、y. And your guests were such a pleasure to talk. I wish I could have stayed all night and chatted with them all. Well have to get together again, only my treat. Your sincerely, Betty Chen Dear Mrs. Johnson, I wanted to thank you having me as one of your guest. Youre a very good example of what Ameri

25、can hospitality is all about. I have to admit that I am not quite used to the food at the party, but your home is so lovely. And your guests were such a pleasure to talk. I wish I could have stayed all night and chatted with them all. Well have to get together again, only my treat. Your sincerely, B

26、etty Chen 1.thank 的用法为“thank sb. for sth. / doing sth.”这里应在“having”前加 “for”。2.“one of+复数名词”其中之一”，这里“guest”应该变为复数。3.如果聚会上有些人或食物你不喜欢，不要在感谢信中表示出来。这句话应该删除。4.应在“talk”后加“with”。5.在英语书信的结尾，写信人落款要用名词性物主代词“yours”，所以应把your改为yours。Summary WritingDirections:Read Text B and write a summary of about 100 words. Com

27、munication keeps us connected to each other, and common courtesy, i.e., good manners, is the best way to achieve sound communication. Good manners require an inner respect or thoughtfulness for others and an outer expression in certain acts. Therefore dress yourself decently and conduct yourself. Al

28、ways greet others politely with a smile. Respect everyone despite their age, gender and social status. Be ready to offer a hand when people are in need, and even tell white lies when they buy ugly hats. Show your good manners, and you will have happiness and an easier life in return. Greeting Hello

29、is the commonest form of greeting between good friends. Good morning afternoon evening may be given to someone not very familiar or to someone you are passing quickly, “How are you?” is usually used when you are not in a hurry. No answer is expected other than “Fine, thank you.” ” To meet a total st

30、ranger, one usually says “How do you do？”2. How to address people It is always good manners to address the person you are greeting by name. You might say,” Good Morning, Mr. Bush” or “Hello, Franklin”, depending on how familiar you are with each other. Mr. or Mrs. and a persons surname should be use

31、d unless he/she is a good friend, colleague or schoolmate.Formal relationship Title + surnameMr./Mrs./Miss/Ms./Dr./Prof./Nurse/Captain+surnameInformal relationship Given name Christopher-Chris Andrew-Andy Anthony-Tony William-Bill Elizabeth-LisaTalking about the Pictures(1) Picture One Directions: L

32、ook at the picture carefully and talk about it. You should:v1) describe the picture and interpret its meaningv2) give your comments on the phenomenon. In the cartoon, a car is crashing into a stop sign. The driver who has been talking on his mobile phone gasps in horror at the sight of what is happening. It i