Module 6 Period Three

1、Module 6Animals in Danger 单元语法复习定语从句 内容索引 Period ThreeGrammar & Writing 单元写作Writing a description of an animal 单元语法复习定语从句 课文原句感知课文原句感知 1.On a freezing cold day in January 1994，Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking fora group of poachers were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope. 2.In the

2、battle followed Jiesang was shot and killed. 3.Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time，leaving only the babies， wool is not worth so much. 语法感知语法感知 语法导学 who which whose 4.The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India， it is made into the shawls.

3、 5.Sometimes there were gunfights，like the one in Jiesang Suonandajie was killed. 6.Meanwhile，in those countries the shawls are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers. where which where 定语从句在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词。定语从句所修定语从句在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词。定语从句所修 饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为两类：限制饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行

4、词后面。定语从句分为两类：限制 性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有等；关系副词有 where，when，why等。等。 语法精析语法精析 一、由关系代词一、由关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 关系词关系词说明说明成分成分备注备注 who代替人代替人主语、宾语主语、宾语 作宾语时可以省略作宾语时可以省略 w

5、hom代替人代替人宾语宾语 whose代替人或物代替人或物定语定语 which代替物代替物主语、宾语主语、宾语 that代替人或物代替人或物主语、宾语主语、宾语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是一项大部分男孩喜欢的运动。足球是一项大部分男孩喜欢的运动。 Is there anyone in your department whose father is a pa

6、inter？ 你们系里有谁的父亲是画家吗？你们系里有谁的父亲是画家吗？ The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的教室将很快会被修理。门坏了的教室将很快会被修理。 二、二、“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由“介词关系代词介词关系代词” 引导。引导。 The school (

7、that/which) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读的学校非常有名。他曾经就读的学校非常有名。 2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用，不可用who或者或者 that；指物时用；指物时用which，不能用，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用；关系代词是所有格时用whose。 The man with whom you talked is my friend. 和你说话的那个人是我的朋友

8、。和你说话的那个人是我的朋友。 The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. 我们我们乘坐的去加拿大的飞机非常舒适。乘坐的去加拿大的飞机非常舒适。 三、由关系副词三、由关系副词when，where，why引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1.when代替时间，在从句中作时间状语；代替时间，在从句中作时间状语；where代替地点，在从句中作地代替地点，在从句中作地 点状语；点状语；why代替原因，在从句中作原因状语。它们的含义相当于代替原因，在从句中作原因状语。它们的含义相当于“介介 词词which”结构，因此常常和此结构交替使用

9、。结构，因此常常和此结构交替使用。 There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he quit the job? 这是他辞职的理由吗？这是他辞职的理由吗？ 2.“from where”结构，也可以引导定语从句。结构，也可以引导定语从句。 We stood at the to

10、p of the hill，from where we can see the town. 我们站在山顶上，从那里我们能看见那个城镇。我们站在山顶上，从那里我们能看见那个城镇。 3.在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在some，any，few，several， many，all，both，none，neither，either，each，enough，half，one， two等词之后接等词之后接of whom或或of which。 In the room there are lots of people，many of whom I dont know

11、. 房间里有很多人，其中很多我不认识。房间里有很多人，其中很多我不认识。 四、限制性定语从句只能用四、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况的几种情况 1.如果先行词是如果先行词是all，much，little，anything，something，nothing， everything，none，some等不定代词时，关系代词一般只用等不定代词时，关系代词一般只用that，不用，不用 which。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你做些什么吗我能为你做些什么吗？ 2.如果先行词被如果先行词被the only，the very，the r

12、ight，the same，the last，the best等词修饰时，关系代词常用等词修饰时，关系代词常用that(指人时，还可以用指人时，还可以用who)。 This is the very book that I want to find. 这就是我想找的那本书。这就是我想找的那本书。 That is the best film that we have seen. 这是我们看过的最好的电影。这是我们看过的最好的电影。 I was the only person in my office that/who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的

13、人。 3.当先行词被当先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much修饰时。修饰时。 All the people that are present burst into tears. 在场的所有人都哭了。在场的所有人都哭了。 You can take any seat that is free. 你可以坐任何空着的座位。你可以坐任何空着的座位。 4.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 When people talk about Hangzhou，the first that

14、 comes to mind is the West Lake. 当人们谈及杭州时，第一个想到的就是西湖。当人们谈及杭州时，第一个想到的就是西湖。 It is the first foreign book that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的第一本外文书。这是我看过的第一本外文书。 This is the most beautiful flower that I have seen. 这是我见过的最美的花这是我见过的最美的花。 5.在在there be句型中，常用句型中，常用that。 There is a man that lives in that village.

15、在那个村庄里住着一个人。在那个村庄里住着一个人。 6.先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that。 The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. 图画图画中的小男孩和小狗非常可爱。中的小男孩和小狗非常可爱。 7.当主句是以当主句是以who或或which开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用that。 Which are the books that you bought for me? 哪些书是你给我买的？哪些书是你给我买的？ 五、限制性和非限制性定语从句五、限制性和

16、非限制性定语从句 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少 的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附 加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。 翻译时常常不译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句子。翻译时常常不译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句子。 This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上

17、个月买的那幢房子。这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 My house，which I bought last year，has got a lovely garden. 我的房子有个漂亮的花园，这房子是我去年买的。我的房子有个漂亮的花园，这房子是我去年买的。 注意注意关系代词关系代词that和关系副词和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。不能引导非限制性定语从句。 六、关系代词六、关系代词as和和which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 as和和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。 1.as和和which都可以在定语从句中作主语或

18、者宾语，代表前面整个句子。都可以在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。 He married her，as/which was natural. 他娶了她，这是意料之中的。他娶了她，这是意料之中的。 2.as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可 以切割一个主句；以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。 另外，另外，as有有“正如正如，正像，正像”的意思。的意思。 As is known to all，China is a developing

19、 country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 He is from the south，as we can see from his accent. 他是从南方来的，我们从他的口音可以听出来。他是从南方来的，我们从他的口音可以听出来。 John，as you know，is a famous writer. 正如你所知道的，正如你所知道的，John是一个有名的作家。是一个有名的作家。 He has been to Paris more than several times，which I dont believe. 我不相信他已经去过巴黎好多次了。我不相信

20、他已经去过巴黎好多次了。 注意注意当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which。 Tom was always late for school，which made his teacher angry. 汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。 3.当先行词由当先行词由such，the same修饰时，常用修饰时，常用as。 I have never heard such a story as he tells. 我从来没有听过他讲的那样的故事。我从来没有听过他讲的那样的故事。 He is not such a f

21、ool as he looks. 他并不像看上去那样傻。他并不像看上去那样傻。 This is the same book as I lost last week. 这和我上星期丢的那本书一样这和我上星期丢的那本书一样。 4.以以the way为先行词的定语从句，并且在从句中作状语时，通常由为先行词的定语从句，并且在从句中作状语时，通常由in which，that引导引导，而且，而且通常可以省略。通常可以省略。 The way (in which/that) he answered the question was surprising. 他回答问题的方式令人吃惊。他回答问题的方式令人吃惊。

22、.用适当的关系词或用适当的关系词或“介词关系代词介词关系代词”填空填空 1.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both， is not good for the health.(2017全国全国) 2.But Sarah， has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全国全国) 3.Many young people，most of were well-educated

23、，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016江苏江苏) 高考链接高考链接 which who whom 4.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of has been proved.(2016浙江浙江) 5.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. (2016北京北京) 6.We will put off the picnic

24、in the park until next week， the weather may be better.(2016天津天津) 7.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.，influenced the development of chopsticks. (2016全国全国) which whose when who 8.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon scho

25、ol education depends.(2015安徽安徽) 9.Opposite is St.Pauls Church， you can hear some lovely music. (2015北京北京) 10.It is a truly delightful place， looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.(2015湖南湖南) 11.The number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by

26、17 percent in just one year.(2015江苏江苏) 12.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015浙江浙江) which where which as in which/where .单句改错单句改错(每小题仅有每小题仅有1处错误处错误) 1.In their spare time，they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of the

27、ir house.(2017全国，短文改错全国，短文改错) 2.Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time.(2017全国全国，短文改错，短文改错) which that/which 3.The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite. (2016四川，短文改错四川，短文改错) 或或The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite. (2016四川，短文改错四川，短文改错) 4.Hav

28、ing tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. (2013新课标全国新课标全国，短文改错，短文改错) which/that which 5.There，Katia will introduce me to some of her friends，one of who has been to China several times.(2011重庆，短文改错重庆，短文改错) 6.It turned ou

29、t to be her own cup，that shed left on the shelf by mistake. (2010陕西，短文改错陕西，短文改错) whom which .用适当的关系词填空用适当的关系词填空 1.What do you think of the holiday we spent together last year? 2.He talked about a writer books are popular among young people. 3.The children，all of had played the whole day long，were wo

30、rn out. 4.That was the reason the teacher criticized him yesterday. 5.China Today attracts a worldwide readership， shows that more people want to learn about China. 达标检测 that/which whose whom why which .句型转换句型转换 6.Great changes have taken place in the town where they live. Great changes have taken p

31、lace in the town they live. 7.Is that the proper way you spoke to your mother? Is that the proper way you spoke to your mother? Is that the proper way you spoke to your mother? in which that in which 8.We live in a house，whose windows face south. We live in a house， / _ face south. 9.He is such an h

32、onest person that we all like him. He is such an honest person we all like. 10.Tell me the reason why you came late. Tell me the reason you came late. the windows of which of which the windows as for which .语法填空语法填空 (2018山西灵丘一中高二期中山西灵丘一中高二期中) Why is it so important to protect cultural relics? Well，o

33、ne reason is that cultural relics can help us understand how people 11. (live) in the past.However，it isnt easy to know what life was like.When we try to learn about the past，we can only see the things 12. have survived.These things from the past can tell us something about everyday life in ancient

34、times. lived which/that In Egypt，important people 13. (bury) in large tombs where they put lots of everyday objects.Because the tombs were locked and 14. (hide)，the things stayed there for thousands of years. Thanks 15. this，we know that the ancient Egyptians lived in houses 16._(make) of bricks，tha

35、t ancient Egyptian women wore make-up， and that most people slept on 17. (wood) beds.The objects can give us an idea of how people lived and how they probably thought. were buried hidden to made wooden Protecting our cultural relics is an important task and we should take it 18. (serious).We are pro

36、tecting our history so that people in the future 19. (know) about it.We are also helping ourselves and our children to better understand who we are and where we come from.This is 20. we are working so hard to protect our cultural relics. seriously will know why 单元写作Writing a description of an animal

37、 技法点拨 本单元的写作目标是要描写一种动物，这类文章属于说明文的范畴，本单元的写作目标是要描写一种动物，这类文章属于说明文的范畴， 以以“说明说明”为主要表达方式，用来介绍动物的类属、生活习性、生存状为主要表达方式，用来介绍动物的类属、生活习性、生存状 态、外貌特征等，可对描述的对象作总体概括介绍，给人以直观的总体态、外貌特征等，可对描述的对象作总体概括介绍，给人以直观的总体 认识，然后进行具体说明，目的在于使人知道、了解此种动物。所以，认识，然后进行具体说明，目的在于使人知道、了解此种动物。所以， 文章多用一般现在时。文章应合理安排结构，注意行文的条理清晰，在文章多用一般现在时。文章应合理

38、安排结构，注意行文的条理清晰，在 动笔之前要想好描述顺序，句与句之间怎样衔接，段与段之间怎样联系。动笔之前要想好描述顺序，句与句之间怎样衔接，段与段之间怎样联系。 写作指导写作指导 1.If human beings dont protect endangered animals，theyll probably disappear soon. 2.everyone should come to realize the importance of protecting endangered animals. 3.Imagine what the world would be like witho

39、ut animals or plants. 4.Its important for us to.humans and animals are friends. 5.We should protect.from. 6.We shouldnt benefit from. 7.It is wrong to hunt for. 8.It has an important effect on. 常用句式常用句式 大熊猫是中国的国宝。请根据下列提示写一篇英语短文，介绍大熊大熊猫是中国的国宝。请根据下列提示写一篇英语短文，介绍大熊 猫。猫。 1.大熊猫是中国的稀有动物，也是世界稀有动物之一，为中国人民和大熊

40、猫是中国的稀有动物，也是世界稀有动物之一，为中国人民和 世界人民所喜爱；世界人民所喜爱； 2.大熊猫生长在山里，以竹笋为食；由于山林遭到破坏，竹子被砍伐，大熊猫生长在山里，以竹笋为食；由于山林遭到破坏，竹子被砍伐， 大熊猫觅食越来越困难，濒临灭绝；大熊猫觅食越来越困难，濒临灭绝； 3.我国已经建立数个自然保护区，但需要更多的资金；我国已经建立数个自然保护区，但需要更多的资金； 4.希望大家伸出援助之手来保护它们。希望大家伸出援助之手来保护它们。 注意：词数注意：词数100左右。左右。 典题示例 写作要求是根据提示描写一种动物，写作时应注意下面几点：写作要求是根据提示描写一种动物，写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇说明文。确定文体：这是一篇说明文。 2.主体时态：介绍时主要用一般现在时，提出希望时用一般将来时。主体时态：介绍时主要用一般现在时，提出希望时用一般将来时。 3.主体人称：主要是第三人称。主体人称：主要是第三人称。 审题谋篇审题谋篇 联想词汇联想词汇 1.稀有动物稀有动物_ 2.以以为主食为主食_ 3.砍伐砍伐_ 4.建立；设立建立；设立_ 5.自然保护区自然保护区_ 6.实施实施_ 7.伸出援手伸出援手_ _ 要点词句要点词句 rare animal feed on cut down set up