普宁侨中 林柔宏 必修II 精品课件 被动语态

1、1.The 2012 Olympics wil be held in London.2.A new village for the atheltes and all the stadiums willbe built to the east of London.被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。I (invite) to the concert yesterday.(2)The car (not；make) in China. this library (build) in the 1960s(4)这个足球队是什么时候时候建立的？ the fooball team ?（5） las

2、t night?昨晚什么被偷了？was invitedwas not madeWasbuiltWhen was set upWhat was stolenI.I.被动语态句式被动语态句式1.肯定句式肯定句式:主语主语+be+过去分词过去分词+2。否定式句式：主语。否定式句式：主语+be+not+过去分词过去分词+3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+?4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问副词（疑问副词（不作主语不作主语）+be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+? (2)疑问代词（作主语）疑问代词（作主语）+be+过去分词过去分词+?(1)电脑可能明天才能修好。The compu

3、ter by tomorrow.(2) 这些书禁止带出阅览室。These books out of the reading room.(3)所有的房间都要整理好吗？ all the rooms ?(4) my computer ?我的电脑什么时候能修好？ might be repairedmustnt be taken Shouldbe tidied upWhen canbe repaired谓语部分含有情态动词的被动语态的肯定句在be前加情态动词，否定句则在情态动词后加not,疑问句把情态动词提至主语前。II.被动语态各种时态形式The little boy (call) Alvais ca

4、lled1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词I （bring up) by my aunt.was brought up2.一般过去时被动语态：was/were+过去分词The problem (discuss)at tomorrows meeting.is going to be discussed I (given)a chance to play in this game again.shall be givenWhen the work (finish)?willbe finishedThe final exam (hold) on January 15.is to

5、held3.一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall/be going to/ be to +be+过去分词 the accident now (look into调查）？Isbeing looking into4.现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词The car (repaire) when you meant to drive it away. was being repaire5.过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+being +过去分词运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？ the sports meeting until next

6、 Friday?Hasbeen put off6.现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词The fire (put out熄灭 ）before firefighters arrived?had been put out 7.过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态：had+been+过去分词：过去分词：All the photos (develop使显影 ) by tomorrow?will have been developed8.一般将来完成时的被动语态：will/shall have been +过去分词We cant do it in a day.- .It ca

7、nt be done in a day(by us)1.主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语结构宾语结构 这种结构在变为被动语态时，原来的宾语为为被动句的主语，原来的谓语变为“be+过去分词”形式，原来的主语在被动句中由by引出，有时可省略。III.主动语态与被动语态的转换He sent me an e-mail./He sent an e-mail to me .- .- .An e-mail was sent to me by himI was sent an e-mail by himShe made me a nice cake./She made a nice cake for me .- .A

8、 nice cake was made for me by her.(1)转换为带有介词转换为带有介词to 结构结构可以这样转换的动词主要有可以这样转换的动词主要有give,send,take,bring等。等。(1)转换为带有介词转换为带有介词for 结构结构可以这样转换的动词主要有可以这样转换的动词主要有buy,make,find,get等。等。2.”主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语“这种结构变被动语态，一般可将两个宾语中任何一个宾语作为被动语态的主语。We asked Jenny to sing another song- .Jenny was asked to s

9、ing another song.3.”主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构结构这种结构变为被动语态时，应将主动句中的宾语变为主语，宾语补足语变为主语补足语。They say Mary is a kind but strict teacher.- .- .It is said that Mary is a kind but strict teacherMay is said to be a kind but strict teacher4.宾语为从句的主、被动转换宾语为从句的主、被动转换常用形式主语it替代被动句的主语，变为“It be+过去分词+原来宾语从句” 还可以“s

10、b/sth.be+过去分词+to do/be”结构People believe that Jim never tells lies- .- .It is believed that Jim never tells lies.Jim is believed never to tell lies此类动词除 say,believe 外，还有consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think等Keep the book where it is .- .Let the book be kept where it is .肯定结构：Le

11、t+宾语+be+过去分词”Dont release the news.- .- .Dont let the news be released.Let the news not be released.否定结构：1.Dont +let+宾语+be+过去分词 2.Let+宾语+not be+过去分词5.祈使句被动语态祈使句被动语态The commander ordered the soldier to bomb the bridge.- .- .The soldier was ordered to bomb the bridge.The bridge was ordered to be bombe

12、d6.双重被动结构双重被动结构双重结构）这种结构是指句中谓语动词和其后非谓语动词（如：to do sth. )均为被动结构。The government carried out a policy.- .A new policy was carried out (1)及物动词及物动词+副词副词”型型这类短语如pick up ,work out ,find out ,carry out 等变成被动语态时，可直接把宾语为成主语，然后把短语动词变成被动形式即可The police have looked into this accident.- .This accident has been look

13、ed into (2) 不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词这类短语如 look after, , break into ,look into (作“调查”有被动语态 ）7.谓语为短语动词的主、被动转换谓语为短语动词的主、被动转换We should pay attention to the following problems.- .- .The following problems should be paid attention to Attention should be paid to the following problems(3)”动词+副词+介词“或”动词+名词+介词“型这类短语大多

14、能变为被动语动形式，如look down upon(轻视），do away with(废除；弄死），take care of (关心，照顾），make use of (利用），make efforts over(努力），play a part in (起作用），pay attentionto(注意）等。有时可把”动词+名词+介词“结构中的”名词”变成被动语态的主语。He hasnt done anything until this morning.- has been done until this morning.Nothing8.当当anybody,anything 等不定式代词作否定句的

15、宾语等不定式代词作否定句的宾语变为被动语态时，应将其变为变为被动语态时，应将其变为nobody和和nothing作为被作为被动句的主语，而把被动句的谓语动词为为肯定形式。动句的主语，而把被动句的谓语动词为为肯定形式。She made me stand for 2 hours.- .I was made to stand for 2 hours9.感官动词（感官动词（see,watch,notice,hear,feel等）和使役动词等）和使役动词（make,have等）等）用在主动句中，后面常接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，要加上to.V. 被动语态的注意事项被动语态的注意事项

16、1.主动形式表示被动意义You idea (sound) great.The clothe (feel) smoothShe (look) young for age.The dish (taste) delicious.soundsfeelslookstastes（1）某些连系动词，如 sound,taste,feel,look,appear,smell,seem,prove等，可用主动形式表示被动意义The door (lock)easily.The cloth (wash)well.The pen (write) smoothly.The book doesnt (sell) well.

17、lockswasheswritessells(2) 有些动词（其主语大多指物）可以表达被动意义1）这类动词可用来表示主语内在“品质”或“性能，如lock, shut,open,read, writes,sell,wash,clean,draw,cut, translate等，在句子中常用主动形式表示被动意义。这种词后常有副词。The war (break out) in 1937.The meeting (take place) next Monday.改错：The story was happened in the 1980s.Heavy rains was occurred during

18、a summer monsoon(季风）broke outtakes place2)某些动词表示”发生”的动词（短语），如happen,take place,occur,break out,burst out 等没有被动语态，但其意义中包含被动概念Your application for this post is (在考虑）。under considerationThe project is (由负责） a Japanese expert.in the charge of 3）有些介词短语（under discussion,under control,under construction,un

19、dre repairs, under consideration,in charge of )作表语，其主动形式含有被动意义。The old man is difficult to be dealed with deal（3）动词不定式前有形容词light,hard, heavy, easy,difficult,expensive,fit,nice,interesting,dangerous,bitter等，且与句子主语构成动宾关系时，用主动形式表被动意义。This is a hard question (回答）.to answer （4）在“This /That is +名词” 的句型中，修

20、饰表语的不定式 用主动形式表被动意义。I have a lot of work .(do)to do（5）作定语用的不定式的逻辑主语在句中作主语或宾语时， 用主动形式表被动意义。改错：A manager should be possessed honesty,braveryand creativity. possess1）谓语动词为某些状态动词时，如have,own,possess,want时，不可用被动句。不管发生什么，我们都应当相互帮助。- .We should help each other whatever happens.你可以随便吃点鱼。- .You can help yourse

21、lf to some fish.我们及时赶到了车站。- .We reached the station in time.The workers demanded pay(加薪水）to get a higher Richard enjoys (listen)to music while working.listening2)当句子宾语是反身代词、相互代词、表示地点的名词、不定式短语、动词的-ing形式等时，一般不能变成被动句。This window Kate yesterday. 这窗户是凯特昨天打破的。 This glass . 这块玻璃是破的。（1）被动语态的过去分词多强调动作，系表结构中过去）被动语态的过去分词多强调动作，系表结构中过去分词，相当形容词，多强调状态。分词，相当形容词，多强调状态。VI 被动语态和系表结构的区别被动语态和系表结构的区别is brokenwas broken by(被动语态，表示动作)(系表结构，表示目前的状态)I by the teachers joke.老师的笑话使我很感兴趣She in maths.她开始对数学感兴趣。 The unfinished .这项工作依然末完成。was interestedbecame interestedwork remained（2）被动语态一般由）被动语态