经济全球化论文：FDI与我国第二产业结构优化研究

1、 经济全球化论文：FDI与我国第二产业结构优化研究【中文摘要】随着经济全球化的不断发展,国与国之间的经济联系日益紧密,货物与资本在国际间的流动变得极为频繁,尤其是跨国公司在全球的投资对东道国产业结构优化和经济发展产生深远的影响。FDI不仅仅给东道国带来一定的资金,而且还带来了一揽子生产要素(包括先进的技术、管理经验、经营诀窍等)。这些生产要素通过合理的整合投入到东道国市场可以带来诸如技术外溢效应、产业关联效应、竞争与示范效应等一系列生产效应,这比单纯的技术转移给东道国技术进步带来的效果更为明显。众所周知,技术进步是一国产业结构优化的决定因素之一,因此,FDI的进入会给东道国的产业结构优化带来一

2、定的积极效应。我国三十年的改革开放实践经验也表明,FDI在我国产业的投资变化是我国产业结构转变的重要影响因素。FDI的流入与所带来的先进技术和现代化管理经验以及产生的技术溢出效应,促进了我国各产业部门及各产业内部各行业的技术进步和劳动生产率的提高,也间接地推动了我国产业结构的优化与升级。虽然众多跨国公司的投资是追求自身利益最大化、是基于其全球化战略而对外投资的,但是它在客观上影响了我国产业的发展和产业结构的调整,尤其是对我国第二产业内部各行业而言这种影响更为明显。本文首先回顾FDI与产业结构理论,重点阐述FDI促进产业结构优化的作用机制。收集并整理我国第二产业利用FDI的基础数据,全面分析我国

3、改革开放以来特别是加入WTO以来的FDI在我国第二产业结构内部的分布情况,并简单概括FDI对我国第二产业结构优化的效应表现。其次,选取20012010年第二产业利用外资的相关数据,以第二产业利用FDI为被解释变量,轻重工业增加值比重、高新技术产业增加值比重为解释变量构建模型。运用计量软件检验FDI与我国工业结构高级化的相关性。结果表明FDI加快了我国重工业的发展,而对高新技术产业的发展的作用不明显。这也说明加入WTO以来FDI在对我国产业结构优化效应正在弱化,其负面影响正在逐渐体现。就我国当前的情况来看,FDI促进我国产业结构优化中所存在的局限性主要包括：外商投资、价值取向与我国引资目标和战略

4、不一致、跨国公司在技术转移方面采取了严格的防范措施、跨国公司在技术外溢方面采取了各种抑制措施。最后,总结FDI在促进我国第二产业结构优化过程中存在的问题,这主要表现为：外商在我国第二产业投资结构偏低且高度分散、我国工业部门出现重复建设现象、不利于产业结构优化、我国FDI来源结构仍集中在港澳台地区和亚洲十国、部分低层次FDI企业对我国环境造成了严重污染等,并根据这些问题提出如何充分发挥FDI对我国产业结构优化效应的政策和建议,以期能为政府建立合理的产业结构和实现经济可持续发展提供一定的理论依据。【英文摘要】With the continuous development of economic g

5、lobalization, economic links of between countries have become closer, goods and capital become very frequent in the flow of international，especially multinational companies investing in the global have a profound impacted on the industrial structure of the host country and economic development. This

6、 is mainly because that FDI not only brings some money to the host country, but also brings a package of factors of production (including advanced technology, management experience, business know-how, etc.). These factors of production through the rational integration inputting to the host country m

7、arkets can bring some spillover effects, industrial relations, competition and the demonstration effects and a series of production effects. It brings larger effects than the simple technology transferring to the host country. As we know, technology is determinants of industrial structure of a count

8、ry. Therefore, the entry of FDI will brings to the host countrys industrial structure and upgrades some positive effect.Practical experience of three decades of reform and opening up shows that FDI investment changing in our industry is the important factors of the transformation of industrial struc

9、ture. The inflowing of FDI and bringing advanced technology, modern management experience and technology spillover effect will promote the technological progress and labor productivity in different industrial sectors of china and also indirectly contributed to the optimization of industrial structur

10、e and upgrade. Although the investment of many multinational companies is to pursue maximize of their own interests and is based on its global strategy, it effects on Chinas industrial development and industrial restructuring objective. Especially within the industry in terms of the second, this eff

11、ect becomes more apparent.Firstly, the paper elaborates the mechanism of FDI focusing on the optimization of the industrial structure according to the theory of FDI and Industrial Structure, And I collects and sorts the basis data of the secondary industry of china, in order to comprehensive analyze

12、 the distribution of FDI in the second industrial structure in Chinas reform and opening up, especially since Chinas accession to WTO.I summary of the FDI to the industrial structure of the effect of the second performance briefly.Secondly, the paper selects the 2001-2010 FDI in the second data to c

13、onstructs model, the model is based FDI absorption of the secondary industry explained variable, the severity of the proportion of industrial added value and high-tech industries accounted for the explanatory variables. Thirdly, the paper tests the correlation of FDI between and high-class industry

14、using statistical software. Results show that FDI accelerates the development of heavy industry, while the role of high-tech industry is not very clear. At the same time, the results show that FDI in China is weakening effect of industrial structure since the WTO accession and the negative impact is

15、 reflected gradually. The current situation in our country, the existing limitations of FDI in promoting Chinas industrial structure includes a certain deviation of target about orientation of foreign investment and target of foreign capital, multinational companies to take a strict technical protec

16、tion measures and taking various measures to prevent transnational corporations of its advanced technology spillovers, etc.Finally, it summarizes some problems in FDI promoting the second industrial structure. This was reflected:the foreign investment structure in Chinas secondary industry is low an

17、d highly dispersed, Chinas industrial sector appears phenomenon of duplication of construction is not conducive to optimizing the industrial structure, the structure of FDI from Hong Kong, Macao and ten Asian countries are still more than the United States, Japan and Europe, some low level of FDI en

18、terprises causing serious pollution of the environment. And put forward Chinas policies and proposals how to make full use of FDI on the effects of industrial structure according to these problems, it provides a certain rational approach for the government to establish a rational industrial structur

19、e and to achieve sustainable economic development.【关键词】经济全球化 FDI 技术外溢 产业结构优化【英文关键词】Economic globalization Foreign Direct Investment Spillover Industry structure Optimization【目录】FDI与我国第二产业结构优化研究摘要3-5Abstract5-6目录7-10第一章 引言10-171.1 选题背景及研究意义10-111.1.1 选题背景101.1.2 研究意义10-111.2 国内外研究现状11-131.2.1 国外研究现状1

20、1-121.2.2 国内研究现状12-131.3 研究思路、方法、内容与结构安排13-151.3.1 研究思路与方法13-141.3.2 研究内容与结构安排14-151.4 创新点与不足15-171.4.1 创新点151.4.2 不足之处15-17第二章 FDI与东道国产业结构优化的理论分析17-282.1 外商直接投资的内涵及动机17-182.1.1 外商直接投资的内涵172.1.2 外商直接投资的动机17-182.2 产业结构相关概念界定18-212.2.1 产业含义及其分类18-192.2.2 产业结构的概念及其层次192.2.3 产业结构优化的含义及其内容19-202.2.4 产业结构

21、合理化与产业结构高度化的关系20-212.3 国际直接投资与东道国产业结构调整相关理论21-242.3.1 国际产品生命周期理论21-222.3.2 边际产业转移理论222.3.3 雁行模式理论22-232.3.4 增长阶段模式理论23-242.4 FDI促进东道国产业结构优化的作用机制24-282.4.1 FDI促进东道国产业结构优化的机理24-252.4.2 FDI促进东道国产业结构优化的具体途径25-28第三章 我国第二产业利用FDI的现状及相关效应分析28-413.1 我国第二产业的发展现状28-313.1.1 我国第二产业的总量分析28-293.1.2 我国第二产业内部结构分析29-313.2 我国第二产业利用FDI概况31-373.2.1 我国利用FDI的发展阶段及趋势31-323.2.2 我国第二产业利用FDI的现状32-333.2.3 我国第二产业内部各产业利用FDI情况33-373.3 FDI对我国第二产业结构优化的效应表现37-413.3.1 FDI通过资本供给效应提高了重工业化程度37-383.3.2 FDI促进了我国技术创新活动的增加38-393.3.3 FDI推动了我国高新技术产业的发展39-403.3.4 FDI通过竞争机制促进了我国第二产业的高度化40-41